OWA Exchange Web Services (EWS) Login Scanner - Metasploit
This page contains detailed information about how to use the auxiliary/scanner/http/owa_ews_login metasploit module. For list of all metasploit modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.
Module Overview
Name: OWA Exchange Web Services (EWS) Login Scanner
Module: auxiliary/scanner/http/owa_ews_login
Source code: modules/auxiliary/scanner/http/owa_ews_login.rb
Disclosure date: -
Last modification time: 2021-08-31 17:10:07 +0000
Supported architecture(s): -
Supported platform(s): -
Target service / protocol: -
Target network port(s): 443
List of CVEs: -
This module attempts to log in to the Exchange Web Services, often exposed at https://example.com/ews/, using NTLM authentication. This method is faster and simpler than traditional form-based logins. In most cases, all you need to set is RHOSTS and some combination of user/pass files; the autodiscovery should find the location of the NTLM authentication point as well as the AD domain, and use them accordingly.
Module Ranking and Traits
Module Ranking:
- normal: The exploit is otherwise reliable, but depends on a specific version and can't (or doesn't) reliably autodetect. More information about ranking can be found here.
Basic Usage
This module is a scanner module, and is capable of testing against multiple hosts.
msf > use auxiliary/scanner/http/owa_ews_login
msf auxiliary(owa_ews_login) > show options
... show and set options ...
msf auxiliary(owa_ews_login) > set RHOSTS ip-range
msf auxiliary(owa_ews_login) > exploit
Other examples of setting the RHOSTS option:
Example 1:
msf auxiliary(owa_ews_login) > set RHOSTS 192.168.1.3-192.168.1.200
Example 2:
msf auxiliary(owa_ews_login) > set RHOSTS 192.168.1.1/24
Example 3:
msf auxiliary(owa_ews_login) > set RHOSTS file:/tmp/ip_list.txt
Required Options
- RHOSTS: The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
Knowledge Base
This module is for password guessing against OWA's EWS service which often exposes NTLM authentication over HTTPS. It is typically faster than the traditional form-based OWA login method.
Verification Steps
- Do:
use auxiliary/scanner/http/owa_ews_login - Do:
set RHOSTS [IP] - Set TARGETURI if necessary.
- Do:
run
Scenarios
msf auxiliary(owa_ews_login) > run
[+] Found NTLM service at /ews/ for domain OWAMSF.
[+] OWA_EWS - Successful login: Administrator:monkey
[-] OWA_EWS - Failed login: root:
[-] OWA_EWS - Failed login: admin:
[-] OWA_EWS - Failed login: guest:
[-] OWA_EWS - Failed login: root:root
[-] OWA_EWS - Failed login: root:password
[-] OWA_EWS - Failed login: root:1234
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Msfconsole Usage
Here is how the scanner/http/owa_ews_login auxiliary module looks in the msfconsole:
msf6 > use auxiliary/scanner/http/owa_ews_login
msf6 auxiliary(scanner/http/owa_ews_login) > show info
Name: OWA Exchange Web Services (EWS) Login Scanner
Module: auxiliary/scanner/http/owa_ews_login
License: Metasploit Framework License (BSD)
Rank: Normal
Provided by:
Rich Whitcroft
Check supported:
No
Basic options:
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
AD_DOMAIN no The Active Directory domain name
AUTODISCOVER true no Automatically discover domain URI
BLANK_PASSWORDS false no Try blank passwords for all users
BRUTEFORCE_SPEED 5 yes How fast to bruteforce, from 0 to 5
DB_ALL_CREDS false no Try each user/password couple stored in the current database
DB_ALL_PASS false no Add all passwords in the current database to the list
DB_ALL_USERS false no Add all users in the current database to the list
PASSWORD no A specific password to authenticate with
PASS_FILE no File containing passwords, one per line
RHOSTS yes The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
RPORT 443 yes The target port
STOP_ON_SUCCESS false yes Stop guessing when a credential works for a host
TARGETURI no The location of the NTLM service
THREADS 1 yes The number of concurrent threads (max one per host)
USERNAME no A specific username to authenticate as
USERPASS_FILE no File containing users and passwords separated by space, one pair per line
USER_AS_PASS false no Try the username as the password for all users
USER_FILE no File containing usernames, one per line
VERBOSE false yes Whether to print output for all attempts
Description:
This module attempts to log in to the Exchange Web Services, often
exposed at https://example.com/ews/, using NTLM authentication. This
method is faster and simpler than traditional form-based logins. In
most cases, all you need to set is RHOSTS and some combination of
user/pass files; the autodiscovery should find the location of the
NTLM authentication point as well as the AD domain, and use them
accordingly.
Module Options
This is a complete list of options available in the scanner/http/owa_ews_login auxiliary module:
msf6 auxiliary(scanner/http/owa_ews_login) > show options
Module options (auxiliary/scanner/http/owa_ews_login):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
AD_DOMAIN no The Active Directory domain name
AUTODISCOVER true no Automatically discover domain URI
BLANK_PASSWORDS false no Try blank passwords for all users
BRUTEFORCE_SPEED 5 yes How fast to bruteforce, from 0 to 5
DB_ALL_CREDS false no Try each user/password couple stored in the current database
DB_ALL_PASS false no Add all passwords in the current database to the list
DB_ALL_USERS false no Add all users in the current database to the list
PASSWORD no A specific password to authenticate with
PASS_FILE no File containing passwords, one per line
RHOSTS yes The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
RPORT 443 yes The target port
STOP_ON_SUCCESS false yes Stop guessing when a credential works for a host
TARGETURI no The location of the NTLM service
THREADS 1 yes The number of concurrent threads (max one per host)
USERNAME no A specific username to authenticate as
USERPASS_FILE no File containing users and passwords separated by space, one pair per line
USER_AS_PASS false no Try the username as the password for all users
USER_FILE no File containing usernames, one per line
VERBOSE false yes Whether to print output for all attempts
Advanced Options
Here is a complete list of advanced options supported by the scanner/http/owa_ews_login auxiliary module:
msf6 auxiliary(scanner/http/owa_ews_login) > show advanced
Module advanced options (auxiliary/scanner/http/owa_ews_login):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
MaxGuessesPerService 0 no Maximum number of credentials to try per service instance. If set to zero or a non-number, this option will not be used.
MaxGuessesPerUser 0 no Maximum guesses for a particular username for the service instance. Note that users are considered unique among different services, so a user at 10.1.1.1:22 is different from one at 10.2.2.2:
22, and both will be tried up to the MaxGuessesPerUser limit. If set to zero or a non-number, this option will not be used.
MaxMinutesPerService 0 no Maximum time in minutes to bruteforce the service instance. If set to zero or a non-number, this option will not be used.
PASSWORD_SPRAY false yes Reverse the credential pairing order. For each password, attempt every possible user.
REMOVE_PASS_FILE false yes Automatically delete the PASS_FILE on module completion
REMOVE_USERPASS_FILE false yes Automatically delete the USERPASS_FILE on module completion
REMOVE_USER_FILE false yes Automatically delete the USER_FILE on module completion
ShowProgress true yes Display progress messages during a scan
ShowProgressPercent 10 yes The interval in percent that progress should be shown
TRANSITION_DELAY 0 no Amount of time (in minutes) to delay before transitioning to the next user in the array (or password when PASSWORD_SPRAY=true)
WORKSPACE no Specify the workspace for this module
Auxiliary Actions
This is a list of all auxiliary actions that the scanner/http/owa_ews_login module can do:
msf6 auxiliary(scanner/http/owa_ews_login) > show actions
Auxiliary actions:
Name Description
---- -----------
Evasion Options
Here is the full list of possible evasion options supported by the scanner/http/owa_ews_login auxiliary module in order to evade defenses (e.g. Antivirus, EDR, Firewall, NIDS etc.):
msf6 auxiliary(scanner/http/owa_ews_login) > show evasion
Module evasion options:
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
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Error Messages
This module may fail with the following error messages:
Check for the possible causes from the code snippets below found in the module source code. This can often times help in identifying the root cause of the problem.
Failed to autodiscover - try manually
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Failed to autodiscover - try manually" error message:
48: if datastore['AUTODISCOVER']
49: domain, uri = autodiscover(cli)
50: if domain && uri
51: print_good("Found NTLM service at #{uri} for domain #{domain}.")
52: else
53: print_error("Failed to autodiscover - try manually")
54: return
55: end
56: elsif datastore['AD_DOMAIN'] && datastore['TARGETURI']
57: domain = datastore['AD_DOMAIN']
58: uri = datastore['TARGETURI']
You must set AD_DOMAIN and TARGETURI if not using autodiscover.
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "You must set AD_DOMAIN and TARGETURI if not using autodiscover." error message:
56: elsif datastore['AD_DOMAIN'] && datastore['TARGETURI']
57: domain = datastore['AD_DOMAIN']
58: uri = datastore['TARGETURI']
59: uri << "/" unless uri.chars.last == "/"
60: else
61: print_error("You must set AD_DOMAIN and TARGETURI if not using autodiscover.")
62: return
63: end
64:
65: cli.set_config({ 'domain' => domain })
66:
Connection failed
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Connection failed" error message:
79: 'password' => cred.private
80: })
81:
82: res = cli.send_recv(req)
83: rescue ::Rex::ConnectionError, Errno::ECONNREFUSED, Errno::ETIMEDOUT
84: print_error("Connection failed")
85: next
86: end
87:
88: if res.code != 401
89: print_brute :level => :good, :ip => ip, :msg => "Successful login: #{cred.to_s}"
Failed login: <CRED.TO_S>
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Failed login: <CRED.TO_S>" error message:
95: password: cred.private
96: )
97:
98: return if datastore['STOP_ON_SUCCESS']
99: else
100: vprint_brute :level => :verror, :ip => ip, :msg => "Failed login: #{cred.to_s}"
101: end
102: end
103: end
104:
105: def autodiscover(cli)
HTTP Connection Failed
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "HTTP Connection Failed" error message:
113: 'headers' => {'Authorization' => 'NTLM TlRMTVNTUAABAAAAB4IIogAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGAbEdAAAADw=='}
114: })
115:
116: res = cli.send_recv(req)
117: rescue ::Rex::ConnectionError, Errno::ECONNREFUSED, Errno::ETIMEDOUT
118: print_error("HTTP Connection Failed")
119: next
120: end
121:
122: unless res
123: print_error("HTTP Connection Timeout")
HTTP Connection Timeout
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "HTTP Connection Timeout" error message:
118: print_error("HTTP Connection Failed")
119: next
120: end
121:
122: unless res
123: print_error("HTTP Connection Timeout")
124: next
125: end
126:
127: if res && res.code == 401 && res.headers.has_key?('WWW-Authenticate') && res.headers['WWW-Authenticate'].match(/^NTLM/i)
128: hash = res['WWW-Authenticate'].split('NTLM ')[1]
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Related Pull Requests
- #14696 Merged Pull Request: Zeitwerk rex folder
- #8716 Merged Pull Request: Print_Status -> Print_Good (And OCD bits 'n bobs)
- #8338 Merged Pull Request: Fix msf/core and self.class msftidy warnings
- #6616 Merged Pull Request: owa_ews_login module
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See Also
Check also the following modules related to this module:
- auxiliary/fuzzers/http/http_get_uri_strings
- exploit/linux/http/gpsd_format_string
- exploit/linux/misc/lprng_format_string
- exploit/multi/browser/firefox_tostring_console_injection
- exploit/unix/smtp/exim4_string_format
- exploit/windows/browser/hp_loadrunner_writefilestring
- exploit/windows/emc/networker_format_string
- exploit/windows/fileformat/acdsee_fotoslate_string
- exploit/windows/fileformat/ovf_format_string
- auxiliary/scanner/http/owa_iis_internal_ip
- auxiliary/scanner/http/owa_login
- exploit/dialup/multi/login/manyargs
- auxiliary/scanner/http/drupal_views_user_enum
- auxiliary/scanner/http/surgenews_user_creds
- auxiliary/scanner/http/wp_email_sub_news_sqli
- auxiliary/admin/http/typo3_news_module_sqli
- exploit/unix/webapp/wp_wysija_newsletters_upload
- exploit/windows/http/exchange_ecp_viewstate
- exploit/windows/http/plesk_mylittleadmin_viewstate
- exploit/windows/http/sharepoint_ssi_viewstate
- exploit/windows/http/ssrs_navcorrector_viewstate
Authors
Rich Whitcroft
Version
This page has been produced using Metasploit Framework version 6.1.27-dev. For more modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.
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