Apache Struts 2.x < 2.3.28.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities - Nessus

Critical Plugin ID: 90773

This page contains detailed information about the Apache Struts 2.x < 2.3.28.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities Nessus plugin including available exploits and PoCs found on GitHub, in Metasploit or Exploit-DB for verifying of this vulnerability.

Table Of Contents

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Plugin Overview
Vulnerability Information

Synopsis
Description
Solution

Public Exploits
Risk Information
Plugin Source
How to Run
References
Version

Plugin Overview

ID: 90773
Name: Apache Struts 2.x < 2.3.28.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities
Filename: struts_2_3_28_1_win_local.nasl
Vulnerability Published: 2016-04-21
This Plugin Published: 2016-04-28
Last Modification Time: 2022-04-11
Plugin Version: 1.20
Plugin Type: combined
Plugin Family: Misc.
Dependencies: os_fingerprint.nasl, struts_config_browser_detect.nbin, struts_detect_nix.nbin, struts_detect_win.nbin

Vulnerability Information

Severity: Critical
Vulnerability Published: 2016-04-21
Patch Published: 2016-04-21
CVE [?]: CVE-2016-3081, CVE-2016-3082, CVE-2016-3087
CPE [?]: cpe:/a:apache:struts

Synopsis

The remote host contains a web application that uses a Java framework that is affected by multiple vulnerabilities.

Description

The version of Apache Struts running on the remote host is 2.x prior to 2.3.28.1. It is, therefore, affected by the following vulnerabilities :

- An unspecified flaw exists, related to chained expressions, when Dynamic Method Invocation (DMI) is enabled. An unauthenticated, remote attacker can exploit this, via a crafted expression, to execute arbitrary code. (CVE-2016-3081)

- A flaw exists in XSLTResult due to a failure to sanitize user-supplied input to the 'location' parameter when determining the location of an uploaded stylesheet. An unauthenticated, remote attacker can exploit this, via a request to a crafted stylesheet, to execute arbitrary code. (CVE-2016-3082)

- A flaw exists that is triggered when dynamic method invocation is enabled while using the REST plugin. A remote attacker can exploit this, via a specially crafted expression, to execute arbitrary code. (CVE-2016-3087) Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number.

Solution

Upgrade to Apache Struts version 2.3.28.1 or later. Alternatively, apply the workarounds referenced in the vendor advisories.

Public Exploits

Target Network Port(s): N/A
Target Asset(s): installed_sw/Apache Struts, installed_sw/Struts
Exploit Available: True (Metasploit Framework, Exploit-DB, GitHub, Immunity Canvas, Core Impact, D2 Elliot)
Exploit Ease: Exploits are available

Here's the list of publicly known exploits and PoCs for verifying the Apache Struts 2.x < 2.3.28.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities vulnerability:

Metasploit: exploit/multi/http/struts_dmi_rest_exec
[Apache Struts REST Plugin With Dynamic Method Invocation Remote Code Execution]
Metasploit: exploit/multi/http/struts_dmi_exec
[Apache Struts Dynamic Method Invocation Remote Code Execution]
Exploit-DB: exploits/linux/remote/39756.rb
[EDB-39756: Apache Struts - Dynamic Method Invocation Remote Code Execution (Metasploit)]
Exploit-DB: exploits/multiple/remote/39919.rb
[EDB-39919: Apache Struts - REST Plugin With Dynamic Method Invocation Remote Code Execution (Metasploit)]
GitHub: https://github.com/0day666/Vulnerability-verification
[CVE-2016-3081]
GitHub: https://github.com/SexyBeast233/SecBooks
[CVE-2016-3081]
GitHub: https://github.com/fupinglee/Struts2_Bugs
[CVE-2016-3081]
GitHub: https://github.com/ilmila/J2EEScan
[CVE-2016-3081]
GitHub: https://github.com/wangeradd1/MyPyExploit
[CVE-2016-3081]
GitHub: https://github.com/whoadmin/pocs
[CVE-2016-3081]
GitHub: https://github.com/woods-sega/woodswiki
[CVE-2016-3081]
GitHub: https://github.com/ACIC-Africa/metasploitable3
[CVE-2016-3087]
GitHub: https://github.com/Karma47/Cybersecurity_base_project_2
[CVE-2016-3087]
GitHub: https://github.com/SexyBeast233/SecBooks
[CVE-2016-3087]
GitHub: https://github.com/SunatP/FortiSIEM-Incapsula-Parser
[CVE-2016-3087]
GitHub: https://github.com/ahm3dhany/IDS-Evasion
[CVE-2016-3087]
GitHub: https://github.com/hktalent/myhktools
[CVE-2016-3087]
GitHub: https://github.com/maasikai/cybersecuritybase-project-2
[CVE-2016-3087]
GitHub: https://github.com/nixawk/labs
[CVE-2016-3087]
GitHub: https://github.com/nixawk/labs/tree/master/CVE-2016-3087
[CVE-2016-3087]
GitHub: https://github.com/oneplus-x/MS17-010
[CVE-2016-3087]
GitHub: https://github.com/woods-sega/woodswiki
[CVE-2016-3087]
D2 Elliot: apache_struts_dynamic_method_invocation_expression_handling_rce.html
[Apache Struts Dynamic Method Invocation Expression Handling RCE]
Immunity Canvas: CANVAS

Before running any exploit against any system, make sure you are authorized by the owner of the target system(s) to perform such activity. In any other case, this would be considered as an illegal activity.

WARNING: Beware of using unverified exploits from sources such as GitHub or Exploit-DB. These exploits and PoCs could contain malware. For more information, see how to use exploits safely.

Risk Information

CVSS Score Source [?]: CVE-2016-3082
CVSS V2 Vector: AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C/E:F/RL:OF/RC:C

CVSS Base Score:	10.0 (High)
Impact Subscore:	10.0
Exploitability Subscore:	10.0
CVSS Temporal Score:	8.3 (High)
CVSS Environmental Score:	NA (None)
Modified Impact Subscore:	NA
Overall CVSS Score:	8.3 (High)

CVSS V3 Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:F/RL:O/RC:C

CVSS Base Score:	9.8 (Critical)
Impact Subscore:	5.9
Exploitability Subscore:	3.9
CVSS Temporal Score:	9.1 (Critical)
CVSS Environmental Score:	NA (None)
Modified Impact Subscore:	NA
Overall CVSS Score:	9.1 (Critical)

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Plugin Source

#%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 70300
#
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#

include('deprecated_nasl_level.inc');
include('compat.inc');

if (description)
{
  script_id(90773);
  script_version("1.20");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_modification_date", value:"2022/04/11");

  script_cve_id("CVE-2016-3081", "CVE-2016-3082", "CVE-2016-3087");
  script_bugtraq_id(87327);

  script_name(english:"Apache Struts 2.x < 2.3.28.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The remote host contains a web application that uses a Java framework
that is affected by multiple vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"The version of Apache Struts running on the remote host is 2.x prior
to 2.3.28.1. It is, therefore, affected by the following
vulnerabilities :

  - An unspecified flaw exists, related to chained
    expressions, when Dynamic Method Invocation (DMI) is
    enabled. An unauthenticated, remote attacker can exploit
    this, via a crafted expression, to execute arbitrary
    code. (CVE-2016-3081)

  - A flaw exists in XSLTResult due to a failure to
    sanitize user-supplied input to the 'location' parameter
    when determining the location of an uploaded stylesheet.
    An unauthenticated, remote attacker can exploit this,
    via a request to a crafted stylesheet, to execute
    arbitrary code. (CVE-2016-3082)

  - A flaw exists that is triggered when dynamic method
    invocation is enabled while using the REST plugin. A
    remote attacker can exploit this, via a specially
    crafted expression, to execute arbitrary code.
    (CVE-2016-3087)
    
Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead
relied only on the application's self-reported version number.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://struts.apache.org/docs/s2-031.html");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://struts.apache.org/docs/s2-032.html");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://struts.apache.org/docs/s2-033.html");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://struts.apache.org/docs/version-notes-23281.html");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Upgrade to Apache Struts version 2.3.28.1 or later. Alternatively,
apply the workarounds referenced in the vendor advisories.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"agent", value:"all");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:F/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:F/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2016-3082");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"Exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"true");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_framework_core", value:"true");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"d2_elliot_name", value:"Apache Struts Dynamic Method Invocation Expression Handling RCE");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_framework_d2_elliot", value:"true");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"metasploit_name", value:'Apache Struts REST Plugin With Dynamic Method Invocation Remote Code Execution');
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_framework_metasploit", value:"true");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_framework_canvas", value:"true");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"canvas_package", value:"CANVAS");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2016/04/21");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2016/04/21");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2016/04/28");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"combined");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:apache:struts");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"thorough_tests", value:"true");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Misc.");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2022 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("os_fingerprint.nasl", "struts_detect_win.nbin", "struts_detect_nix.nbin", "struts_config_browser_detect.nbin");
  script_require_ports("installed_sw/Apache Struts", "installed_sw/Struts");

  exit(0);
}

include("vcf.inc");

app_info = vcf::combined_get_app_info(app:"Apache Struts");
vcf::check_granularity(app_info:app_info, sig_segments:3);

# Versions 2.3.20.3 and 2.3.24.3 are not affected
if (app_info["version"] == "2.3.20.3" || app_info["version"] == "2.3.24.3")
  audit(AUDIT_INST_PATH_NOT_VULN, ("Apache Struts 2 Application"), app_info["version"], app_info["path"]);

constraints = [
  { "min_version" : "2.0.0", "fixed_version" : "2.3.28.1" }
];

vcf::check_version_and_report(app_info:app_info, constraints:constraints, severity:SECURITY_HOLE);

The latest version of this script can be found in these locations depending on your platform:

Linux / Unix:
/opt/nessus/lib/nessus/plugins/struts_2_3_28_1_win_local.nasl
Windows:
C:\ProgramData\Tenable\Nessus\nessus\plugins\struts_2_3_28_1_win_local.nasl
Mac OS X:
/Library/Nessus/run/lib/nessus/plugins/struts_2_3_28_1_win_local.nasl

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How to Run

Here is how to run the Apache Struts 2.x < 2.3.28.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities as a standalone plugin via the Nessus web user interface (https://localhost:8834/):

Click to start a New Scan.
Select Advanced Scan.
Navigate to the Plugins tab.
On the top right corner click to Disable All plugins.
On the left side table select Misc. plugin family.
On the right side table select Apache Struts 2.x < 2.3.28.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities plugin ID 90773.
Specify the target on the Settings tab and click to Save the scan.
Run the scan.

Here are a few examples of how to run the plugin in the command line. Note that the examples below demonstrate the usage on the Linux / Unix platform.

Basic usage:

/opt/nessus/bin/nasl struts_2_3_28_1_win_local.nasl -t <IP/HOST>

Run the plugin with audit trail message on the console:

/opt/nessus/bin/nasl -a struts_2_3_28_1_win_local.nasl -t <IP/HOST>

Run the plugin with trace script execution written to the console (useful for debugging):

/opt/nessus/bin/nasl -T - struts_2_3_28_1_win_local.nasl -t <IP/HOST>

Run the plugin with using a state file for the target and updating it (useful for running multiple plugins on the target):

/opt/nessus/bin/nasl -K /tmp/state struts_2_3_28_1_win_local.nasl -t <IP/HOST>

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References

BID | SecurityFocus Bugtraq ID:

87327

See also:

Similar and related Nessus plugins:

119728 - Apache Struts 2 'method:' Prefix Arbitrary Remote Command Execution
117363 - Apache Struts 2.x < 2.2.1 OGNL RCE (S2-005)
117388 - Apache Struts 2.x < 2.2.3 Multiple XSS (S2-006)
143125 - Apache Struts 2.x < 2.3.1.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities
117403 - Apache Struts 2.x < 2.3.1.2 RCE (S2-009)
117401 - Apache Struts 2.x < 2.3.14.2 Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (S2-013)
117364 - Apache Struts 2.x < 2.3.14.2 Multiple Vulnerabilities (S2-014)
117389 - Apache Struts 2.x < 2.3.14.3 RCE (S2-015)
128765 - Apache Struts 2.x < 2.3.14.3 Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (S2-012)
117362 - Apache Struts 2.x < 2.3.15.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities (S2-016) (S2-017)
117402 - Apache Struts 2.x < 2.3.15.2 Dynamic Method Invocation Multiple Vulnerabilities (S2-019)
117393 - Apache Struts 2.x < 2.3.16.2 Multiple Vulnerabilities (S2-020)
117457 - Apache Struts 2.x < 2.3.20 Multiple ClassLoader Manipulation Vulnerabilities (S2-021)
90153 - Apache Struts 2.x < 2.3.28 Multiple Vulnerabilities (S2-028) (S2-029) (S2-030) (S2-034)
91812 - Apache Struts 2.x < 2.3.29 Multiple Vulnerabilities (S2-035 - S2-040)
94336 - Apache Struts 2.3.1 < 2.3.31 / 2.5.x < 2.5.5 Convention Plugin Path Traversal RCE (S2-042)
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105005 - Apache Struts 2.5.x < 2.5.14.1 Json-lib JSON Parsing Unspecified DoS (S2-054) (S2-055)
108760 - Apache Struts XStream Handler REST Plugin XML Request Handling Remote DoS (S2-056)
112036 - Apache Struts CVE-2018-11776 Results With No Namespace Possible Remote Code Execution (S2-057)
139607 - Apache Struts 2.x <= 2.5.20 Multiple Vulnerabilities
143599 - Apache Struts 2.x < 2.5.26 RCE (S2-061)
151425 - Apache Struts 2.0.0 < 2.5.26 Possible Remote Code Execution vulnerability (S2-061)
159667 - Apache Struts 2.0.0 < 2.5.30 Possible Remote Code Execution vulnerability (S2-062)

Version

This page has been produced using Nessus Professional 10.1.2 (#68) LINUX, Plugin set 202205072148.
Plugin file struts_2_3_28_1_win_local.nasl version 1.20. For more plugins, visit the Nessus Plugin Library.

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Apache Struts 2.x < 2.3.28.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities - Nessus

Plugin Overview

Vulnerability Information

Synopsis

Description

Solution

Public Exploits

Risk Information

Plugin Source

How to Run

References

Version

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